Spatial Availability of Nitrogen and Pesticides in the Surface Layers of Agricultural Soils of Tropical Hydrosystems in the Wet Season: Case of the BéréWatershed in Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa)

The objective of this study was to assess the contribution of the spatial organization of cropping systems and the physicochemical properties of surface layers of the agricultural zones soils in tropical hydrosystems to the spatial availability of nitrogen and pesticides during the wet season, such as the Béré watershed (BW) in C?te d’Ivoire. For this purpose, after mapping the spatial distribution of the BW cropping systems based on the likelihood classification methodology of satellite images of the study area, 27 samples from the 0 - 20 cm horizon of the soil surface layers of the agricultural areas were taken during the wet and agricultural season of the year 2016. The Kjeldahl method has been used to evaluate the total nitrogen concentration and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chain made it possible for the analysis of pesticide residues in the soil solutions. Geostatistical analysis and processing of spatial data and physicochemical and agrochemical soil parameters revealed that two major agricultural areas stand out in the BW, namely the Béré upstream watershed (BUW) dominated at 32.65% by annual croppings (maize, cotton, rainfed or lowland rice, market gardening, etc.) and the Béré downstream watershed (BDW) by large areas of perennial croppings (cashew nuts, cocoa, etc.), i.e. 21.47%. Agricultural soils in BW are usually of the moderately desaturated ferralitic type with a low acid pH and a quite strong temperature, such as those of tropical soils’ characteristics. However, agricultural soils in the BUW are characterized by higher proportions of sand and coarse sand. The parameters such as total porosity, cation exchange capacity, clay, organic matter, silt, fine silt, coarse silt, and potassium ions, are higher in the soils of the agricultural area of the BDW. Moreover, soils in the agricultural areas of the BUW are less rich in total nitrogen (0.84 g·kg-1) in contrast to those of the BDW (1.2 g·kg-1). On the other hand, the median concentrations of total pesticides remain very high in the BUW (193.80 μg·kg-1) in front of those of the BDW (94.81 μg·kg-1). In addition, the biological family of herbicides was the most notable in BW. The chemical families of triazines (100% detection;79.37 μg·kg-1) are the most important in the agricultural area of the BUW with the very significant presence of active molecules of pesticides such as simazine (92.86% detection;13.17 μg·kg-1). However, in the BDW, urea substitute (100% detection;44.02 μg·kg-1) dominate, including the active substance chlortoluron (84.62% detection;10.12 μg·kg-1). The presence and abundance of nitrogen and pesticides in the soils of the agricultural areas of BW are strongly linked to the intensive use of these agrochemicals in cropping systems in recent decades in West African countries, even though most of the active molecules found are forbidden in several countries, especially in European countries. These are applied to tropical agricultural soils with physicochemical characteristics favorable to their retention in wet weather, as confirmed by the case of BW’s agricultural soils. Therefore, the BW’s water resources present worrying risks of contamination during rainy events that deserve to be assessed and monitored. Hence the need to take mitigating measures to this effect in order to preserve the quality of the environment.

Water Quality and Phytoplankton Diversity in Büyükcekmece Watershed,Turkey

Seasonal changes in the diversity of phytoplankton and its relationships to the water quality in Büyükcekmece Watershed in Istanbul, Turkey were studied in this study during one-year period, from January 2009 to December 2009. Physico-chemical parameters, main criteria of water quality, were observed. Having identified species from 6 divisions, including Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta, Euglenophyta, Dinophyta and Cryptophyta within the phytoplankton of Büyükcekmece Lake, and that of the named influent streams, Bacillariophyta among these divisions has been specified as the richest group in species variety. Among the streams having gone under sampling, Tahtakoprü Stream has displayed the species variety (48), and respectively Karasu (45), Hamza Stream (32), Beylikcayiri Stream (21) and Ahlat Stream (7) have come thereafter. Within the phytoplankton of Büyükcekmece Lake, 66 species have been identified. It was determined that the water qualities of Büyükcekmece Lake and related streams were varies I, II and III.

Effect of salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injection on serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology in patients with acute cerebral watershed infarction

Objective:To study the effect of salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injection on serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology in patients with acute cerebral watershed infarction.Methods:A total of 90 patientswith acute cerebral watershed infarction in our hospital from August 2014 to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into the control group (n=45) and the treatment group (n=45) randomly. The control group was treated with hydroxyethyl starch injection, the treatment group was treated withsalvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injection, and both the two groups were treated for 2 weeks. The serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology of the two groups before and after treatments were compared.Results:There were no significantly differences of the serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B protein and hemorheology of the two groups before treatment. The serum BNP, Hcy, MMP-2, S100B proteinlevels of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment, and that of the treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than the control group. The PV, Lr, Mr, Hr and RE of the two groups after treatment were significantly lower than before treatment, and that of the treatment group after treatment were significantly lower than the control group.Conclusion:Salvia miltiorrhiza and ligustrazine hydrochloride injection combined with hydroxyethyl starch injectioncan significantlyimprovetheneurological function and hemorheology, reduce inflammation of the patients with acute cerebral watershed infarction, and it was worthy clinical application.

猴痘病毒B20R蛋白原核表达及其多克隆抗体的制备

【目的】构建猴痘病毒B20R蛋白原核表达系统,并评价原核表达获得的融合蛋白免疫原性,为后续的猴痘病毒检测及新型治疗方法开发提供技术支撑。【方法】参照GenBank已公布的猴痘病毒基因组序列,按照大肠杆菌密码子偏好性对B20R基因DNA序列进行优化,人工合成B20R基因并将其分别克隆至表达载体pET-28a和pET-32a以构建原核表达载体;以构建的2种原核表达载体分别转化大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞,经IPTG诱导表达后使用SDSPAGE和Western blotting检测融合蛋白B20R的表达情况。通过控制变量法优化融合蛋白B20R的诱导表达条件,使用Ni柱亲和层析进行纯化;以纯化的融合蛋白B20R经腹腔注射免疫昆明小鼠,定期采集昆明小鼠血样,采用ELISA检测血清抗体效价。【结果】将B20R基因克隆至表达载体pET-32a能成功构建原核表达载体pET-32a-B20R,经IPTG诱导后,可在大肠杆菌BL21感受态细胞中表达出融合蛋白B20R,且主要以不可溶的包涵体形式进行表达。融合蛋白B20R最佳诱导表达条件为37℃下以0.6 mmol/L IPTG诱导12 h,Ni柱亲和层析纯化的最佳咪唑洗脱浓度为40 mmol/L。以纯化的融合蛋白B20R接种免疫昆明小鼠,可在短时间内引起昆明小鼠产生强烈的体液免疫,且至免疫第42 d仍然维持较高的抗体水平,抗体效价高达1∶409600。【结论】构建的猴痘病毒B20R蛋白原核表达载体可在大肠杆菌BL21细胞中以包涵体形式成功表达出融合蛋白B20R,且融合蛋白B20R具有良好的免疫原性,可在短时间内引起昆明小鼠产生强烈的体液免疫。

结合YC_(b)C_(r)和主成分分析的遥感阴影检测方法

针对阴影提取过程中水体等地物会影响阴影检测精度的问题,根据高分辨率遥感影像在YC_(b)C_(r)空间阴影区域的性质,提出了一种顾及水体的结合YC_(b)C_(r)空间与主成分分析(PCA)的遥感阴影检测方法。首先需判断是否有水体,若没有,则利用PCA与经过伽马校正的YC_(b)C_(r)空间变换相结合的阴影检测指数(SII)进行阴影检测;若有,则在此基础上利用水体指数NDWI对融合影像进行水体检测以及小斑块去除后处理,去除水体提取阴影。实验结果表明,该方法检测的正确率高于90%,比NDUI、C1C2C3、SI阴影检测方法更准确,同时能去除水体等对阴影的影响,具有更好的普适性。

PPP1R14B在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其临床意义

目的:研究蛋白磷酸酶1调节亚基14B(protein phosphatase1 regulatory subunit 14B,PPP1R14B)在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达情况,并探讨其临床意义。方法:收集本院85例作为研究对象,术中收集患者的癌组织和癌旁组织,免疫组化法检测PPP1R14B蛋白表达,RT-qPCR检测PPP1R14B mRNA表达水平,分析PPP1R14B表达与临床病理特征的关系,采用Kaplan-Meier法分析PPP1R14B表达与患者生存率的关系,多因素Cox回归分析影响子宫内膜癌患者预后的危险因素。结果:子宫内膜癌组织中PPP1R14B阳性表达率及PPP1R14B mRNA表达明显高于癌旁组织(P<0.05);PPP1R14B表达与年龄、病理分级、FIGO分期、淋巴结转移、组织分化程度有关(P<0.05);PPP1R14B mRNA高表达患者5年生存率显著低于PPP1R14B mRNA低表达患者(P<0.05);且年龄、病理分级、FIGO分期、淋巴结转移和PPP1R14B高表达水平是预后独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:PPP1R14B在子宫内膜癌患者组织中高表达,与年龄、病理分级、FIGO分期、淋巴结转移和预后密切相关,是影响患者预后的重要因素。

基于P2X7R/NF-κB通路探讨清解化攻方对重症急性胰腺炎肠屏障的保护作用机制

目的研究清解化攻方基于P2X7R/NF-κB信号通路对重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)大鼠肠黏膜屏障的保护作用及潜在作用机制。方法制备SAP大鼠模型,使用乌司他丁和清解化攻方干预后,采集各组大鼠血清、胰腺和回肠组织。HE染色观察胰腺和回肠组织病理变化;ELISA检测血清内毒素、D-乳酸含量;Western Blot法检测回肠组织P2X7R、p-IKK、p-IκBα、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达情况;IHC检测回肠组织MUC-2和Claudin-1蛋白表达;透射电境观察回肠组织线粒体自噬情况。结果与正常组相比,模型组胰腺及回肠组织出现明显的病理改变,血清内毒素、D-乳酸含量明显升高(P<0.05),P2X7R、p-IKK、p-IκBα、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平上调(P<0.05),Muc-2和Claudin-1蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.05);回肠组织线粒体数量减少,膜厚度增加,结构空洞,自噬小体减少;与模型组比较,清解化攻方各组和乌司他丁组大鼠胰腺及回肠组织病理损伤均缓解,血清内毒素、D-乳酸含量降低(P<0.05);P2X7R、p-IKK、p-IκBα、p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达水平下调(P<0.05);MUC-2和Claudin-1蛋白表达量升高(P<0.05);回肠组织线粒体数量增多,结构较完整,自噬小体增多。结论清解化攻方可以调控P2X7R/NF-κB信号通路,减轻炎症反应,起到改善SAP大鼠肠黏膜屏障损伤作用。

IgG受体FcγRⅡB调节实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎致神经元损伤及Th17/Treg免疫平衡的作用研究

目的:探究IgG受体FcγRⅡB对实验性自身免疫性脑脊髓炎(EAE)模型小鼠神经元损伤与Th17/Treg失衡的作用。方法:C57BL/6小鼠随机分组为对照组、EAE组、FcγRⅡB组、EAE+FcγRⅡB组,每组15只,皮下注射MOG35-55肽诱导EAE模型,并给予FcγRⅡB慢病毒液处理;造模后每日称量小鼠体质量,进行神经功能评分,持续30 d;30 d后处死小鼠,HE染色观察脑组织病理形态学变化,LFB染色评估脊髓髓鞘结构变化,免疫荧光染色检测脊髓大脑皮质神经元核抗原(NeuN)和Caspase-3表达,TUNEL染色检测神经元细胞凋亡,ELISA检测血清IL-6、IL-17、IL-10及TGF-β水平,流式细胞术分析脾脏Th17、Treg细胞比例分布,Western blot测定脊髓组织维甲酸相关孤儿受体γt(RORγt)与Forkhead家族转录因子3(Foxp3)蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,EAE组小鼠体质量下降,神经功能评分升高,脑组织内炎症细胞浸润明显,脊髓中出现脱髓鞘迹象,NeuN荧光表达强度减弱而Caspase-3荧光表达强度增强,TUNEL阳性着色细胞多,细胞凋亡数增加,血清中IL-6和IL-17水平升高,IL-10和TGF-β水平降低,脾脏内Th17细胞比例升高,Treg比例降低,脊髓组织内RORγt蛋白表达上调,Foxp3蛋白表达下调(P<0.05);与EAE组比较,EAE+FcγRⅡB组小鼠体质量增加,神经功能评分降低,脑组织内炎症细胞浸润减轻,脊髓脱髓鞘现象得到改善,NeuN荧光表达强度增强,Caspase-3荧光表达强度减弱,TUNEL阳性着色细胞较少,细胞凋亡数减少,血清中IL-6和IL-17水平降低,而IL-10和TGF-β水平升高,同时脾脏内Th17细胞比例降低,Treg比例升高,脊髓组织内RORγt蛋白表达下调而Foxp3蛋白表达上调(P<0.05)。结论:FcγRⅡB对EAE小鼠具有神经保护作用,可减轻其脑组织炎症细胞浸润及脱髓鞘现象,作用机制可能与调节细胞因子水平及Th17/Treg细胞免疫平衡有关。

老年弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者“R+化疗”预后相关因素分析

目的分析老年弥漫大B细胞性淋巴瘤(DLBCL)患者行“R+化疗”治疗6周期后临床效果的相关因素。方法该回顾性分析纳入我院2019年1月至2022年1月收治的118例老年DLBCL患者的临床资料,通过单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析与6周期“R+化疗”治疗预后相关的血液学指标。结果外周血淋巴细胞计数/单核细胞计数(LMR)下降、EB病毒感染、血β_(2)微球蛋白升高是老年DLBCL患者6周期“R+化疗”后良好预后的独立危险因素。结论LMR、EB病毒感染、血β2微球蛋白水平与老年DLBCL患者“R+化疗”治疗效果相关。

Exploring the efficacy of(R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride in mitigating noise-induced hearing loss by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-κB pathway to reduce inner ear inflammation

Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is primarily driven by inflammatory processes within the cochlea,where noise exposure triggers the activation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,leading to an inflammatory cascade.The interaction between increased NLRP3 expression and NF-κB activity can further amplify cochlear inflammation.Our findings reveal that(R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride,a selective inhibitor of the SETD7 enzyme,effectively inhibits the activation of the cochlear NF-κB pathway,suppresses the release of proinflammatory factors,and prevents inflammasome assembly.This intervention disrupts the perpetuating cycle of inflammation,thereby alleviating damage to cochlear hair cells attributed to acoustic trauma.Consequently,(R)-PFI-2 hydrochloride emerges as a promising pharmacological candidate for NIHL,targeting and moderating the excessive immune and inflammatory responses implicated in the pathology of hearing loss.

采用B18R065取向硅钢片的配电变压器振动与噪声数值计算

振动与噪声是新型配电变压器设计与研制过程中必须关注的关键问题。为此,首先分别测量了B18R065牌号硅钢片的磁滞回线与磁致伸缩曲线,采用有限元方法分析了空载条件下配电变压器铁心磁场分布与变化规律,据此计算了不同时刻铁心磁致伸缩应变;然后,基于热应力模拟方法,将磁致伸缩应变等效为温度载荷输入三维瞬态机械分析模型,计算出配电变压器铁心、油箱的振动位移分布及其随时间的变化规律;再次,将位移计算结果作为激励源,建立了配电变压器三维声场谐分析数值模型,对配电变压器周围声场进行仿真分析;最后,设计并研制了采用B18R065新型牌号硅钢片的10 kV三相油浸式配电变压器原型,并在半消声室内进行了噪声测试试验,验证了配电变压器声场数值计算结果的有效性。结果表明:配电变压器原型空载噪声不超过42.0 dB(A)。

R-CHOP治疗与R-DAEPOCH方案治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的近期疗效和毒副作用比较

目的探讨R-CHOP与R-DAEPOCH方案治疗弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)的近期疗效和毒副作用。方法选取2016年1月至2021年1月广东省人民医院赣州医院收治的62例DLBCL患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各31例。观察组给予R-DAEPOCH方案治疗,对照组给予R-CHOP方案治疗,比较两组临床疗效、无进展生存期(PFS)、毒副作用发生情况、治疗前后外周血T淋巴细胞(CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+))。结果两组治疗总有效率(ORR)比较差异无统计学意义;观察组4、5、6、9、10、11、12月PFS生存率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组肝毒性、神经毒性、恶心呕吐发生率比较差异无统计学意义;治疗后,两组CD3^(+)、CD4^(+)水平及CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)与治疗前比较差异无统计学意义,但观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论DLBCL患者治疗中应用R-DAEPOCH方案与R-CHOP方案均可取得良好疗效,R-DAEPOCH方案虽然在保证疗效的同时可在一定程度上延长患者生存时间,然而对免疫功能负面影响相比R-CHOP方案更加明显,可为临床治疗提供一定参考依据。

IL-18、IL-18BP、IL-18R在特应性皮炎患者外周血B淋巴细胞及单核细胞中的表达

目的探讨特应性皮炎(AD)患者外周血B淋巴细胞及单核细胞中白细胞介素(IL)-18、IL-18BP和IL-18R的表达。方法收集28例AD患者和21例健康对照者外周静脉血,分别用大籽蒿过敏原提取物、尘螨过敏原提取物或梧桐花粉过敏原提取物刺激,采用流式细胞术检测B淋巴细胞及单核细胞中IL-18^(+)、IL-18BP^(+)和IL-18R^(+)的表达。结果与健康对照者比较,AD患者静息状态下B淋巴细胞群中IL-18^(+)、IL-18BP^(+)、IL-18R^(+)细胞比例分别升高2.01、10.35、20.85倍,单核细胞群中IL-18^(+)和IL-18BP^(+)细胞比例分别升高5.51和41.88倍,IL-18R^(+)细胞比例无明显变化。结论B淋巴细胞及单核细胞中IL-18、IL-18BP和IL-18R可能在AD中起重要作用,可能是治疗AD的潜在靶点。

Seroprevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Hepatitis B in Blood Donors at the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre in Guinea

Blood transfusion saves lives and reduces morbidity and mortality for a large number of diseases and clinical conditions, but it is not without danger. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of HIV and hepatitis B in blood donors received at the regional Blood Transfusion Centre of N’Zérékoré (Guinea). This was a 5-year retrospective analytical study. We included records of blood donors aged 18 to 60 years admitted to the N’Zérékoré Regional Blood Transfusion Centre for blood donation from January 2016 to December 2020. We performed a descriptive analysis followed by Chi-2 or Fish-er-exact tests and the Student or Wilcoxon test, followed by multivariate logistic regression. In this study, donor age ranged from 18 - 60 years, with a pre-dominance of donors aged 25 - 34 (44.2%). Male donors were the most represented in our study (79.0% versus 21.0% female). More than half of the donors were blood group O (55.6%). We observed a seroprevalence of 3.6% for HIV, 13.4% for HBsAg and 0.2% for co-infection. In our series, age 25 - 34 (OR = 1.89 and P = 0.001) and 35 - 44 for HIV (OR = 2.01 and P = 0.001), HBsAgserostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR of 3.04 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HIV positivity (P < 0.05). In our study, HIV serostatus (OR = 3.04 and P = 0.001) and blood donation history (OR = 0.01 and P = 0.001) were factors associated with HBsAgseropositivity. We reported a high prevalence of HIV and HBsAg. Sex, serological status and blood donation history were associated factors.

超低温制热工况R454B压缩机冷启动特性实验研究

热泵的推广应用对于全球推广碳达峰与碳中和具有重要意义,在宽温域内可靠运行既是市场需求又是行业内挑战,其中,压缩机的回油问题是超低温工况下影响热泵系统可靠性的关键因素之一。通过实验分析了超低温压缩机冷启动动态特性,发现在缓升频控制策略下,压缩机在冷启动期间存在空油时间,定量研究了压缩机稳定运行频率和系统冷启动前待机时长对空油时间的影响。结果表明:随着频率的增加,空油时间呈现出先快速下降、后小幅回升、再继续下降的趋势;随着待机时间的增加,压缩机的空油时间呈现出逐渐减少的趋势。研究结果对热泵的设计和使用具有指导意义,尤其是在超低温环境下。

信迪利单抗联合DA-EPOCH-R方案治疗弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的效果分析

目的探究弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤(DLBCL)联合应用环磷酰胺+表柔比星+依托泊苷+长春新碱+泼尼松+利妥昔单抗(DA-EPOCH-R)方案与信迪利单抗的具体效果。方法选取2020年1月至2023年12月南阳市中心医院肿瘤内科收入诊治的82例DLBCL病例,以治疗方案的不同,将其分为研究组(n=41,信迪利单抗+DA-EPOCH-R方案),对照组(n=41,单纯应用DA-EPOCH-R方案),分析其疗效、血清标志物、免疫指标及并发症差异。结果研究组客观缓解率(ORR),疾病控制率(DCR)均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前,两组血清标志物、免疫指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后,两组血清标志物、免疫指标指标均降低,且研究组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组并发症发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论DLBCL治疗期间,联合应用DA-EPOCH-R方案与信迪利单抗能够取得较为理想的临床疗效,改善血清标志物以及免疫指标,不会额外增加并发症发生率,具有临床应用意义。

Integration of RUSLE Model with Remote Sensing and GIS Tools for Soil Loss Estimation in the Kubanni Drainage Basin, Zaria, Nigeria

The prevalence of unwholesome land use practices and population pressure exacerbates soil loss which is worsening the problem of sedimentation of the Kubanni dam. This study was conducted at the Kubanni drainage basin covering a spatial area of 56.7 Km2 in Samaru, Zaria, Nigeria to estimate annual soil loss using the RUSLE model. Satellite images of Landsat OLI for December 2014, 2016, 2018, February, July and November 2022;soil data, rainfall data from 2010 to 2022, and DEM of 30-meter resolution were utilized for the study. All factors of the RUSLE model were calculated for the basin using assembled data. The erosivity (R-factor) was discovered to be 553.437 MJ∙mm∙ha−1∙h−1∙yr−1. The average erodibility (K-factor) value was 0.1 Mg∙h∙h∙ha−1∙MJ−1∙mm−1∙yr−1. The Slope Length and Steepness factor (LS-factor) in the basin ranged between 0% and 13.47%. The Crop Management Factor (C-factor) values were obtained from a rescaling of the NDVI values derived for the study area and ranged from 0.26 to 0.55. Support practice (P-factors) were computed from the prevalent tillage practice in the basin and ranged from 0.27 to 0.40. The soil loss amount for the Kubanni basin was found to be 28441.482 tons∙ha−1∙yr−1, while the annual soil loss for the entire Kubanni drainage basin was found to be 49780.257 tons∙yr−1. The study has demonstrated the viability of coupling RUSLE model and Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques for the estimation of soil loss in the Kubanni drainage basin.

LED光源R/B对叶用莴苣生理性状及品质的影响

研究不同红/蓝(R/B)光强配比对叶用莴苣(Lactuca sativa L.)生理性状及品质方面的影响,以便为新型人工光源在莴苣生产上的应用提供理论依据。试验利用波长为660nm(±20nm)红光与450nm(±20nm)蓝光发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode,LED)作为人工光源,设置3个R/B试验处理,分别为LED1(R/B=10)、LED2(R/B=8)、LED3(R/B=6),以1个荧光灯处理为对照(CK),选用水耕栽培模式在不同光照环境下培育叶用莴苣30d。结果表明:660nm红光和450nm蓝光组合可以有效提高莴苣的光能利用率,促进光合作用;适宜的红蓝光比例能有效增加植物Vc含量,并降低硝酸盐含量。其中,处理LED2(R/B=8)的叶用莴苣净光合速率及Vc含量明显高于其他试验处理,而硝酸盐含量最低,表现出良好的生理和品质特性,因此,R/B=8相对更适宜叶用莴苣的生长发育。

LED光源不同R/B处理对甘薯组培苗品质及节能效果的影响

采用红色LED（660±20nm）和蓝色LED（450±20nm）组合制成的LED灯管作为组培人工光源,研究光照度为35μmol.m-2.s-1时,红蓝光质比（R/B）分别为4、6、8、10的光环境培养条件下甘薯组培苗的生长情况,以相同光照度的荧光灯为对照,培育甘薯组培苗28d。结果表明：660nm红光和450nm蓝光组合可以有效抑制植物徒长,有降低地上部分含水率和提高根冠比的作用,荧光灯下生长的植株地上鲜重、叶片含水率和株高均最大,但是植株徒长,干物质积累不良。高的R/B处理能提高植株高度和根冠比,增大地下鲜重,降低地上含水率,有利于干物质积累;R/B为8时甘薯组培苗的地下鲜重和根冠比均最大;R/B变化对叶片光合色素含量没有显著影响。另外,LED光源的电能消耗与R/B值呈线性增加关系,并比荧光灯节能27.6%~48.0%。

(R)-EPOCH方案治疗39例初发弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的长期随访研究

本研究旨在观察(R)-EPOCH方案治疗初发弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤的近远期疗效及安全性。2004年2月至2009年4月39例采用(R)-EPOCH方案治疗的初发弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤患者纳入本研究。患者中位年龄52岁(16-85岁),Ann-Arbor分期为Ⅰ期/Ⅱ期24例,为Ⅲ期/Ⅳ期15例,其中Ann-Arbor分期为Ⅰ/Ⅱ期的患者接受4-6个疗程(R)-EPOCH方案,Ⅲ/Ⅳ期患者接受6-8个疗程(R)-EPOCH方案治疗,对于伴巨大肿块的患者化疗后再行局部放射治疗。结果表明,39例患者共接受209个疗程化疗,中位疗程数为6个(2-8个)。全部均可以评价疗效,39例患者中28例(71.8%)完全缓解,6例(15.4%)部分缓解,总有效率达87.2%。中位随访时间57.7个月,1年、3年、5年的总生存率分别为81.8%、70.9%、58.8%。化疗期间的主要不良反应为血液学毒副反应,其中Ⅲ-Ⅳ度粒细胞减少发生率为29.2%,Ⅲ-Ⅳ度贫血的发生率为14.4%,其他不良反应轻微或少见,无化疗相关死亡。截止最终随访时间,无继发性肿瘤的发生。结论:(R)-EPOCH方案对初发弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤有较好的疗效,且安全性好。