Overexpression of proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 6 protein and its clinicopathological significance in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

BACKGROUND Currently,intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(ICC)poses a continuing,significant health challenge,but the relationship has yet to be established between ICC and the proteasome 26S subunit non-ATPase 6(PSMD6).AIM To investigate the protein expression and clinicopathological significance of PSMD6 in ICC.METHODS The potential impact of the PSMD6 gene on the growth of ICC cell lines was analyzed using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat knockout screening technology.Forty-two paired specimens of ICC and adjacent noncancerous tissues were collected.PSMD6 protein expression was determined by immunohistochemistry.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was performed to validate PSMD6 expression level,and its association with ICC patients’various clinicopathological characteristics was investigated.RESULTS The PSMD6 gene was found to be essential for the growth of ICC cell lines.PSMD6 protein was significantly overexpressed in ICC tissues(P<0.001),but showed no significant association with patient age,gender,pathological grade,or tumor-node-metastasis stage(P>0.05).CONCLUSION PSMD6 can promote the growth of ICC cells,thus playing a pro-oncogenic role.

Analysis of the potential biological value of pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunitβin human cancer

BACKGROUND The pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 subunitβ(PDHB)gene which regulates energy metabolism is located in mitochondria.However,few studies have elucidated the role and mechanism of PDHB in different cancers.AIM To comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of PDHB was performed based on bioinformatics approaches to explore its tumor diagnostic and prognostic value and tumor immune relevance in cancer.In vitro experiments were performed to examine the biological regulation of PDHB in liver cancer.METHODS Pan-cancer data related to PDHB were obtained from the Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database.Analysis of the gene expression profiles of PDHB was based on TCGA and Genotype Tissue Expression Dataset databases.Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier methods were used to assess the correlation between PDHB expression and survival prognosis in cancer patients.The correlation between PDHB and receiver operating characteristic diagnostic curve,clinicopathological staging,somatic mutation,tumor mutation burden(TMB),microsatellite instability(MSI),DNA methylation,and drug susceptibility in pan-cancer was also analyzed.Various algorithms were used to analyze the correlation between PDHB and immune cell infiltration and tumor chemotaxis environment,as well as the co-expression analysis of PDHB and immune checkpoint(ICP)genes.The expression and functional phenotype of PDHB in single tumor cells were studied by single-cell sequencing,and the functional enrichment analysis of PDHB-related genes was performed.The study also validated the level of mRNA or protein expression of PDHB in several cancers.Finally,in vitro experiments verified the regulatory effect of PDHB on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of liver cancer.RESULTS PDHB was significantly and differently expressed in most cancers.PDHB was significantly associated with prognosis in patients with a wide range of cancers,including kidney renal clear cell carcinoma,kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma,breast invasive carcinoma,and brain lower grade glioma.In some cancers,PDHB expression was clearly associated with gene mutations,clinicopathological stages,and expression of TMB,MSI,and ICP genes.The expression of PDHB was closely related to the infiltration of multiple immune cells in the immune microenvironment and the regulation of tumor chemotaxis environment.In addition,single-cell sequencing results showed that PDHB correlated with different biological phenotypes of multiple cancer single cells.This study further demonstrated that down-regulation of PDHB expression inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion functions of hepatoma cells.CONCLUSION As a member of pan-cancer,PDHB may be a novel cancer marker with potential value in diagnosing cancer,predicting prognosis,and in targeted therapy.

Genetic diversity of the S-type small subunit ribosomal RNA gene of Plasmodium knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia

Objective:To determine the genetic diversity of Plasmodium(P.)knowlesi isolates from Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia,targeting the S-type SSU rRNA gene and including aspects of natural selection and haplotype.Methods:Thirty-nine blood samples infected with P.knowlesi were collected in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.The S-type SSU rRNA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction,cloned into a vector,and sequenced.The natural selection and haplotype of the S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were determined using DnaSP v6 and illustrated using NETWORK v10.This study's 39 S-type SSU rRNA sequences and eight sequences from the Genbank database were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using MEGA 11.Results:Overall,the phylogenetic analysis showed no evidence of a geographical cluster of P.knowlesi isolates from different areas in Malaysia based on the S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences.The S-type SSU rRNA gene sequences were relatively conserved and with a purifying effect.Haplotype sharing of the S-type SSU rRNA gene was observed between the P.knowlesi isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,but not between Sabah,Malaysian Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.Conclusions:This study suggests that the S-type SSU rRNA gene of P.knowlesi isolates in Sabah,Malaysian Borneo,and Peninsular Malaysia has fewer polymorphic sites,representing the conservation of the gene.These features make the S-type SSU rRNA gene suitable for comparative studies,such as determining the evolutionary relationships and common ancestry among P.knowlesi species.

Cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia patients caused by downregulation of γ-aminobutyric acid receptor subunits

BACKGROUND The expression pattern of gamma aminobutyric acid(GABA)receptor subunits are commonly altered in patients with schizophrenia,which may lead to nerve excitation/inhibition problems,affecting cognition,emotion,and behavior.AIM To explore GABA receptor expression and its relationship with schizophrenia and to provide insights into more effective treatments.METHODS This case-control study enrolled 126 patients with schizophrenia treated at our hospital and 126 healthy volunteers who underwent physical examinations at our hospital during the same period.The expression levels of the GABA receptor subunits were detected using 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy.The recognized cognitive battery tool,the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery,was used to evaluate the scores for various dimensions of cognitive function.The correlation between GABA receptor subunit downregulation and schizophrenia was also analyzed.RESULTS Significant differences in GABA receptor subunit levels were found between the case and control groups(P<0.05).A significant difference was also found between the case and control groups in terms of cognitive function measures,including attention/alertness and learning ability(P<0.05).Specifically,as the expression levels of GABRA1(α1 subunit gene),GABRB2(β2 subunit gene),GABRD(δsubunit),and GABRE(εsubunit)decreased,the severity of the patients’condition increased gradually,indicating a positive correlation between the downregulation of these 4 receptor subunits and schizophrenia(P<0.05).However,the expression levels of GABRA5(α5 subunit gene)and GABRA6(α6 subunit gene)showed no significant correlation with schizophrenia(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Downregulation of the GABA receptor subunits is positively correlated with schizophrenia.In other words,when GABA receptor subunits are downregulated in patients,cognitive impairment becomes more severe.

Cardioprotective Potential of Cymbopogon citratus Essential Oil against Isoproterenol-induced Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy:Possible Involvement of NLRP3 Inflammasome and Oxidative Phosphorylation Complex Subunits

Objective:Cymbopogon citratus(DC.)Stapf is a medicinal and edible herb that is widely used for the treatment of gastric,nervous and hypertensive disorders.In this study,we investigated the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the essential oil,the main active ingredient of Cymbopogon citratus,on isoproterenol(ISO)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.Methods:The compositions of Cymbopogon citratus essential oil(CCEO)were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Cardiomyocytes were pretreated with 16.9µg/L CCEO for 1 h followed by 10µmol/L ISO for 24 h.Cardiac hypertrophy-related indicators and NLRP3 inflammasome expression were evaluated.Subsequently,transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)and target verification were used to further explore the underlying mechanism.Results:Our results showed that the CCEO mainly included citronellal(45.66%),geraniol(23.32%),and citronellol(10.37%).CCEO inhibited ISO-induced increases in cell surface area and protein content,as well as the upregulation of fetal gene expression.Moreover,CCEO inhibited ISO-induced NLRP3 inflammasome expression,as evidenced by decreased lactate dehydrogenase content and downregulated mRNA levels of NLRP3,ASC,CASP1,GSDMD,and IL-1β,as well as reduced protein levels of NLRP3,ASC,pro-caspase-1,caspase-1(p20),GSDMD-FL,GSDMD-N,and pro-IL-1β.The RNA-seq results showed that CCEO inhibited the increase in the mRNA levels of 26 oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits in ISO-treated cardiomyocytes.Our further experiments confirmed that CCEO suppressed ISO-induced upregulation of mt-Nd1,Sdhd,mt-Cytb,Uqcrq,and mt-Atp6 but had no obvious effects on mt-Col expression.Conclusion:CCEO inhibits ISO-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through the suppression of NLRP3 inflammasome expression and the regulation of several oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits.

Is 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6 a potential molecular target for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma?

In this editorial we comment on the article by Tang et al published in the recent issue of World Journal of Hepatology.Drug therapy of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma(iCCA)poses an enormous challenge since only a small proportion of patients demonstrate beneficial responses to therapeutic agents.Thus,there has been a sustained search for novel molecular targets for iCCA.The study by Tang et al evaluated the role of 26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 6(PSMD6),a 19S regulatory subunit of the proteasome,in human iCCA cells and specimens.The authors employed clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat(CRISPR)knockout screening technology integrated with the computational CERES algorithm,and analyzed the human protein atlas(THPA)database and tissue microarrays.The results show that PSMD6 is a gene essential for the proliferation of 17 iCCA cell lines,and PSMD6 protein was overexpressed in iCCA tissues without a significant correlation with the clinicopathological parameters.The authors conclude that PSMD6 may play a promoting role in iCCA.The major limitations and defects of this study are the lack of detailed information of CRISPR knockout screening,in vivo experiments,and a discussion of plausible mechanistic cues,which,therefore,dampen the significance of the results.Further studies are required to verify PSMD6 as a molecular target for developing novel therapeutics for iCCA.In addition,the editorial article summarizes the latest advances in molecular targeted drugs and recently emerging immunotherapy in the clinical management of iCCA,development of proteasome inhibitors for cancer therapy,and advantages of CRISPR screening technology,computational methods,and THPA database as experimental tools for fighting cancer.We hope that these comments may provide some clues for those engaged in the field of basic and clinical research into iCCA.

Comprehensive analysis of the protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B56ε in pan-cancer and its role and mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma

BACKGROUND B56εis a regulatory subunit of the serine/threonine protein phosphatase 2A,which is abnormally expressed in tumors and regulates various tumor cell functions.At present,the application of B56εin pan-cancer lacks a comprehensive analysis,and its role and mechanism in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)are still unclear.The Cancer Genome Atlas,Genotype-Tissue Expression,Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis,and Tumor Immune Estimation Resource databases were used to analyze B56εexpression,prognostic mutations,somatic copy number alterations,and tumor immune characteristics in 33 tumors.The relationships between B56εexpression levels and drug sensitivity,immuno-therapy,immune checkpoints,and human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-related genes were further analyzed.Gene Set Enrichment Analysis(GSEA)was performed to reveal the role of B56εin HCC.The Cell Counting Kit-8,plate cloning,wound healing,and transwell assays were conducted to assess the effects of B56εinterference on the malignant behavior of HCC cells.RESULTS In most tumors,B56εexpression was upregulated,and high B56εexpression was a risk factor for adrenocortical cancer,HCC,pancreatic adenocarcinoma,and pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma(all P<0.05).B56εexpression levels were correlated with a variety of immune cells,such as T helper 17 cells,B cells,and macro-phages.There was a positive correlation between B56εexpression levels with immune checkpoint genes and HLA-related genes(all P<0.05).The expression of B56εwas negatively correlated with the sensitivity of most chemotherapy drugs,but a small number showed a positive correlation(all P<0.05).GSEA analysis showed that B56εexpression was related to the cancer pathway,p53 downstream pathway,and interleukin-mediated signaling in HCC.Knockdown of B56εexpression in HCC cells inhibited the proliferation,migration,and invasion capacity of tumor cells.Core Tip:The expression of protein phosphatase 2A(PP2A)subunit B56εis up-regulated in most tumors,and its high expression is a risk factor for adrenocortical cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),pancreatic adenocarcinoma,and pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma.B56εexpression levels correlate with immune cells,immune checkpoint genes,human leukocyte antigen-related genes,and the sensitivity of chemotherapy drugs.In HCC,B56εexpression is related to the cancer pathway.Knockdown of B56εexpression in HCC cells can inhibit the proliferation,migration and invasion capacity of tumor cells.Our study supports PP2A subunit B56εas a prognostic marker and potential therapeutic target for HCC.

New insights into ATR inhibition in muscle invasive bladder cancer:The role of apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic subunit 3B

Background:Apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide(APOBEC),an endogenous mutator,induces DNA damage and activates the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related(ATR)-checkpoint kinase 1(Chk1)pathway.Although cisplatin-based therapy is the mainstay for muscle-invasive bladder cancer(MIBC),it has a poor survival rate.Therefore,this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of an ATR inhibitor combined with cisplatin in the treatment of APOBEC catalytic subunit 3B(APOBEC3B)expressing MIBC.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to analyze an association between APOBEC3B and ATR in patients with MIBC.The APOBEC3B expression in MIBC cell lines was assessed using real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis.Western blot analysis was performed to confirm differences in phosphorylated Chk1(pChk1)expression according to the APOBEC3B expression.Cell viability and apoptosis analyses were performed to examine the anti-tumor activity of ATR inhibitors combined with cisplatin.Results:There was a significant association between APOBEC3B and ATR expression in the tumor tissues obtained from patients with MIBC.Cells with higher APOBEC3B expression showed higher pChk1 expression than cells expressing low APOBEC3B levels.Combination treatment of ATR inhibitor and cisplatin inhibited cell growth in MIBC cells with a higher APOBEC3B expression.Compared to cisplatin single treatment,combination treatment induced more apoptotic cell death in the cells with higher APOBEC3B expression.Conclusion:Our study shows that APOBEC3B’s higher expression status can enhance the sensitivity of MIBC to cisplatin upon ATR inhibition.This result provides new insight into appropriate patient selection for the effective application of ATR inhibitors in MIBC.

钢渣/氮掺杂改性活性炭催化过硫酸盐降解罗丹明B

以提高钢渣资源化利用和深度降解有机污染物为研究目标,通过改变氨气煅烧温度制备了系列钢渣/氮掺杂改性活性炭复合材料,并用于催化过硫酸钠处理罗丹明B(RhB)废水。同时采用N2吸附/脱附、XRD、XPS等手段对复合材料的孔结构和表面性质进行了表征。结果表明:氮元素的引入可改善复合材料中活性金属与活性炭之间的相互作用,从而提高复合材料的催化活性。以最优复合材料60%GZ/AC-N800为研究对象,在反应温度为35℃、PS加量为2 g/L和宽pH(3~11)操作条件下,反应30 min后罗丹明B(100 mg/L)的去除率可达88.7%~92.2%。动力学分析发现,60%GZ/AC-N800复合材料催化PS降解RhB符合准二级动力学。自由基掩蔽实验发现,该降解过程是自由基途径(SO_(4)^(·-)和·OH)和非自由基途径(^(1)O_(2))共同参与反应的氧化过程。

B亚型新等位基因803delC的分子生物学研究

目的分析研究1例新的B亚型等位基因血清学特点和分子生物学机制。方法应用血清学方法检测患者ABO血型。应用序列特异性引物-聚合酶链反应(PCR-SSP)检测ABO血型基因。应用Sanger基因序列分析检测ABO基因1~7外显子编码区域,确定基因突变位点。结果血清学鉴定患者正定型为O型,反定型为B型。PCR-SSP基因分型结果为A/O型,存在A基因,与血清学结果不符。进一步Sanger双链测序结果显示该标本在ABO^(*)B.01/ABO^(*)O.01.01的基础上,第7外显子803位置缺失C碱基。该突变最终导致多肽链上发生p.Ala268Gly和p.Phe269Ser的氨基酸替换,并且从269位置开始产生新的开放阅读框,新的开放阅读框第20号氨基酸为终止密码子,导致B基因表达终止。进一步ABO基因克隆测序证明该突变点位于ABO*B.01基因上,该突变已提交NCBI数据库,收录编号为OR343908。结论在中国人群中发现1种新的导致B变异型的ABO等位基因,基因检测方法可辅助鉴定血清学正、反定型不符的疑难血型。

CD19 CAR-T细胞治疗难治/复发急性B淋巴细胞白血病儿童及青少年患者的疗效及安全性

目的探讨CD19嵌合抗原受体T细胞(CAR-T)治疗对于儿童及青少年难治/复发急性B淋巴细胞白血病(B-ALL)的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析2017年6月至2021年3月接受CD19 CAR-T治疗的<25岁难治/复发B-ALL患者的临床资料,评估该疗法的疗效及安全性。结果共纳入64例难治/复发B-ALL患者,男35例、女29例,中位年龄8.5(1.0~17.0)岁。CD 19 CAR-T回输后1个月进行短期疗效评估,64例患者均获得完全缓解(CR)/完全缓解兼部分血细胞计数缓解(CRi),其中有62例患者达骨髓微小残留病灶(MRD)阴性。细胞因子释放综合征(CRS)及免疫效应细胞相关神经毒性综合征(ICANS)发生率分别为78.1%及23.4%。共22例患者复发,中位复发时间10.1个月,4年总生存(OS)率为(66.0±6.0)%,4年无白血病生存(LFS)率为(63.0±6.0)%。长期随访结果显示桥接异基因造血干细胞移植(allo-HSCT)患者的LFS和OS率均优于未桥接移植患者(4年LFS率:81.8%±6.2%对24.0%±9.8%,4年OS率:81.4%±5.9%对44.4%±11.2%;均P<0.01)。结论CD 19 CAR-T可有效治疗难治/复发B-ALL,输注后桥接allo-HSCT能进一步改善患者的长期生存情况。

淫羊藿苷调控mTOR/Akt/CREB通路对高糖诱导的足细胞自噬及凋亡的影响

目的 探讨淫羊藿苷对高糖诱导的足细胞自噬、凋亡及哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)/丝氨酸苏氨酸蛋白激酶(Akt)/环磷酸腺苷反应元件结合蛋白(CREB)通路的影响。方法 将小鼠足细胞MPC5分为5组:正常对照组(5.5 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖)、高糖组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖)、淫羊藿苷组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖+5μmol·L^(-1)淫羊藿苷)、GDC-0349组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖+50μmol·L^(-1)GDC-0349)、淫羊藿苷+GDC-0349组(30 mmol·L^(-1)葡萄糖+5μmol·L^(-1)淫羊藿苷+50μmol·L^(-1)GDC-0349)。培养48 h后,噻唑蓝法检测MPC5细胞活力;吖啶橙染色观察MPC5细胞自噬情况;流式细胞术检测MPC5细胞凋亡;蛋白印迹法检测MPC5细胞自噬[微管相关蛋白1轻链3(LC3)Ⅱ、LC3Ⅰ、自噬相关蛋白(Beclin-1)]、凋亡[Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)]和mTOR/Akt/CREB通路相关蛋白的表达。结果 与正常对照组比较,高糖组MPC5细胞活力、Bcl-2、磷酸化mTOR(p-mTOR)/mTOR、磷酸化Akt(p-Akt)/Akt、磷酸化CREB(p-CREB)/CREB蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05),自噬能力增强,自噬体表现出橙色荧光,细胞凋亡率、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin-1、Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05)。与高糖组比较,淫羊藿苷组MPC5细胞活力、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin-1、Bcl-2、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-Akt/Akt、p-CREB/CREB蛋白表达水平显著升高,自噬能力进一步增强,自噬体数量增多,自噬体呈现出砖红色荧光(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、Bax蛋白表达水平显著降低(P<0.05);GDC-0349组MPC5细胞活力、LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ、Beclin-1、Bcl-2、p-mTOR/mTOR、p-Akt/Akt、p-CREB/CREB蛋白表达水平显著降低,自噬能力减弱,自噬体数量减少,自噬体表现出橙色荧光(P<0.05),细胞凋亡率、Bax蛋白表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);淫羊藿苷+GDC-0349可逆转淫羊藿苷对高糖诱导MPC5细胞的作用效果(P<0.05)。结论 淫羊藿苷通过激活mTOR/Akt/CREB通路促进高糖诱导的足细胞自噬抑制细胞凋亡。

黄芪阳和汤调控PI3K/AKT/NF-κB信号通路促进糖尿病足溃疡大鼠创面愈合

目的基于磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(AKT)/核因子-κB(NF-κB)信号通路探究黄芪阳和汤对糖尿病足溃疡(DFU)大鼠创面愈合的影响。方法构建DFU大鼠模型,将建模成功的48只大鼠随机分为模型组,黄芪阳和汤低(8.5 g/kg)、高(17 g/kg)剂量组,黄芪阳和汤高剂量(17 g/kg)+LY294002(PI3K/AKT通路抑制剂,0.3 mg/kg)组;每组12只;另取12只大鼠为对照组。各组大鼠给予对应药物干预,连续4周。第14、28天给药后,观察大鼠一般状态及创面变化,计算创面愈合率,检测大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)水平和大鼠创面周围组织经皮氧分压(TcpO2);酶联免疫吸附试验检测大鼠血清血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素(IL)-6水平;苏木素-伊红染色观察大鼠创面组织病理学变化;免疫组织化学染色测定大鼠创面组织微血管密度;蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠创面组织中PI3K、磷酸化PI3K(p-PI3K)、AKT、磷酸化AKT(p-AKT)、NF-κB p65、磷酸化NF-κB p65(p-NF-κB p65)、NF-κB抑制蛋白α(IκB-α)蛋白表达。结果对照组大鼠毛色光滑,饮食、饮水、排泄均正常,较活跃,创面愈合快,创面组织炎症反应较轻,新生血管较多,肉芽组织中成纤维细胞及胶原基质丰富;模型组大鼠毛色暗淡无光泽,活动减少,且出现多饮、多食、多尿症状,创面颜色较深,且周围组织出现水肿、溃疡,创面组织可见大量炎性细胞浸润,伴组织坏死、渗出,新生血管及成纤维细胞较少,创面愈合率、创面周围组织TcpO2、血清VEGF、HIF-1α、创面组织微血管密度、p-PI3K、p-AKT、IκB-α蛋白表达水平降低,FBG、血清CRP、IL-6、创面组织p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,黄芪阳和汤低、高剂量组大鼠状态逐渐改善,创面组织病变程度依次减轻,创面愈合率、创面周围组织TcpO2、血清VEGF、HIF-1α、创面组织微血管密度、p-PI3K、p-AKT、IκB-α蛋白表达水平依次升高,FBG、血清CRP、IL-6、创面组织p-NF-κB p65蛋白表达依次降低(P<0.05);LY294002能部分逆转高剂量黄芪阳和汤对DFU大鼠的治疗作用(P<0.05)。结论黄芪阳和汤能调控PI3K/AKT/NF-κB信号通路,抑制DFU大鼠炎症反应,促进血管新生,从而促进创面愈合。

孕晚期产前抗生素治疗B族链球菌感染对新生儿结局、血清炎症因子及B族链球菌药物敏感试验结果的影响

目的探究孕晚期产前抗生素治疗B族链球菌(GBS)感染对新生儿结局、血清炎症因子及GBS药物敏感试验结果的影响。方法选取2020年1月至2022年12月期间成都市新都区人民医院收治的60例GBS阳性孕妇所生的新生儿作为研究对象,依据孕母产前是否采用抗生素治疗分为对照组(n=29)和观察组(n=31)。对照组未给予预防性抗生素治疗,观察组根据药物敏感试验结果给予抗生素治疗。比较两组孕妇妊娠结局、新生儿结局以及新生儿出生6、24 h血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平,并分析新生儿GBS药物敏感试验结果。结果31例孕妇经药物敏感试验检查,对青霉素敏感度最高,故选择27例GBS感染孕妇进行青霉素治疗;对于青霉素过敏者有3例,2例应用克林霉素,1例应用头孢唑林。观察组孕妇不良妊娠结局总发生率为9.66%,低于对照组(31.03%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿不良结局总发生率、早发型GBS疾病(EOGBS)发生率分别为6.45%、6.45%,均低于对照组(27.59%、24.14%),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组新生儿出生后6 h血清IL-6、降钙素原、CRP水平分别为(76.21±7.96)pg/mL、(0.82±0.12)μg/L、(5.36±0.85)mg/L,24 h血清IL-6、降钙素原、CRP水平分别为(62.35±6.47)pg/mL、(0.61±0.09)μg/L、(3.15±0.64)mg/L,均低于对照组[6 h:(88.25±9.15)pg/mL、(0.92±0.15)μg/L、(8.25±1.63)mg/L;24 h:(66.21±7.11)pg/mL、(0.72±0.11)μg/L、(4.22±0.71)mg/L],差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。60例新生儿经药物敏感试验检查,对青霉素敏感度均大于90%。结论孕晚期产前抗生素治疗GBS感染,不仅可改善产妇妊娠结局,还可改善新生儿结局,降低EOGBS发生率,缓解炎症反应状态,且不影响新生儿药物敏感试验结果。

环状RNA hsa_circ_0085576调控微小RNA-498/B细胞特异性莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒整合位点1轴对口腔鳞状细胞癌细胞迁移和侵袭的影响

目的探究环状RNA hsa_circ_0085576对口腔鳞状细胞癌(OSCC)细胞迁移和侵袭的影响及其分子机制。方法使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)和蛋白印迹法检测OSCC细胞中hsa_circ_0085576、微小RNA-498(miR-498)以及B细胞特异性莫洛尼鼠白血病病毒整合位点1(BMI-1)的表达水平。使用CCK-8、划痕实验、Transwell实验以及qRT-PCR、蛋白印迹法分别检测SCC-15细胞增殖活力、迁移及侵袭能力以及相关基因和蛋白的相对表达量。结果OSCC细胞中hsa_circ_0085576与BMI-1表达上调,miR-498表达下调(P<0.05)。下调hsa_circ_0085576表达或过表达miR-498后SCC-15细胞的增殖活性、划痕愈合率、侵袭细胞数目以及细胞周期蛋白D1、波形蛋白表达水平下调,miR-498和E-钙黏蛋白表达水平上调(P<0.05);抑制miR-498表达可减弱下调hsa_circ_0085576表达对OSCC细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的抑制作用;上调BMI-1表达可减弱过表达miR-498对OSCC细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭的抑制作用。结论下调hsa_circ_0085576表达可通过激活miR-498/BMI-1轴抑制OSCC细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭。

系统性红斑狼疮患者应用靶向B细胞治疗后发生中枢神经系统病变文献病例分析

目的探讨系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)患者经靶向B淋巴细胞生物制剂治疗后发生中枢神经系统不良反应的临床特征。方法检索国内外相关数据库(截至2023年5月),收集系统性红斑狼疮患者经贝利尤单抗、利妥昔单抗治疗后发生中枢神经系统病变的病例报告类文献,提取患者的基本信息、贝利尤单抗或利妥昔单抗用药情况(用法用量、单用或联用、联用方案等)、中枢神经系统病变发生时间、临床表现、影像学特征、临床治疗及转归等,并进行描述统计分析。结果检索到进行性多灶性脑白质病(PML)患者14例,发病年龄(50.71±11.45)岁;可逆性后部脑病综合征(PRES)患者24例,发病年龄(30.67±14.93)岁。纳入有详细病例报道的患者共7例,7例患者均未合并HIV感染、恶性肿瘤及其他自身免疫性疾病。7例患者均经磁共振检查确诊,均未行脑组织活检。临床表现:癫痫5例,视物模糊或视力丧失3例,构音障碍或失语2例,头痛2例,昏迷1例,血压升高4例。最终7例患者中1例死亡。结论应用靶向B细胞治疗后,SLE患者中枢神经系统副作用多发生在疾病活动期且合并使用其他免疫抑制剂时。患者的临床表现容易与神经精神狼疮混淆,导致病情延误,提示在使用靶向B细胞生物制剂治疗时,应评估SLE患者发生中枢神经系统副作用的潜在风险。

慢性乙型肝炎患者血清HBsAg与单个核细胞乙型肝炎病毒RNA水平对聚乙二醇干扰素治疗效果的预测价值

目的探讨慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血清HBsAg、乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)DNA与血清HBV RNA及单个核细胞(PBMC)HBV RNA的关系。方法50例慢性乙型肝炎患者,给予Peg-IFNα-2b 180μg皮下注射,每周一次,分别在初始治疗、24周和48周,检测患者血清HBV五项、肝功能、HBV DNA、HBV RNA及PBMC中HBV RNA的变化。结果患者三个时间段的生化指标ALT、AST、TBIL、AKP及GGT比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);免疫学标志物HBsAg、HBsAb、HBeAg、HBeAb差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);血清HBV DNA及HBV RNA与PBMC HBV RNA差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论Peg-IFNα-2b抗病毒治疗各时间段,肝功能转氨酶无显著变化;治疗24周,血HBsAg、HBV DNA与HBV RNA及PBMC HBV RNA快速下降,有显著相关性;治疗48周,血清HBsAg、HBV DNA与HBV RNA及PBMC HBV RNA相关性减弱。因此,24周HBV RNA下降幅度优于48周,更能预测临床治愈。

下调HMGB2表达对肝癌LM3细胞上皮-间质转化的抑制作用及其AKT/mTOR信号通路机制

目的:探讨下调肝癌细胞中高迁移率族框蛋白2 (HMGB2)表达对肝癌细胞生物学行为及上皮-间质转化(EMT)进程的影响,并阐明其作用机制。方法:对数生长期的人肝癌LM3细胞分为阴性对照组和HMGB2 RNA干扰组(HMGB2 siRNA组),分别以Lipofectamin 2000为载体转染无关序列的RNA寡核苷酸(RNA oligo)和敲除HMGB2序列的RNA oligo。采用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)法和Western blotting法检测2组细胞中HMGB2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平,分别采用细胞划痕实验和Transwell小室实验检测2组细胞的迁移和侵袭能力,采用Western blotting法检测2组细胞中E-钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)、 N-钙黏蛋白(N-cadherin)、波形蛋白(Vimentin)和蛋白激酶B(AKT)/哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mTOR)通路相关蛋白表达水平。结果:与阴性对照组比较,HMGB2 siRNA组细胞中HMGB2 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05),HMGB2 siRNA组细胞划痕愈合率明显降低(P<0.01),侵袭细胞数明显减少(P<0.01),细胞中E-cadherin蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.01),N-cadherin、Vimentin、mTOR、AKT和磷酸化AKT (p-AKT)蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:下调HMGB2的表达可降低肝癌LM3细胞迁移和侵袭能力并抑制EMT,其作用机制可能与参与调节AKT/mTOR通路相关蛋白表达有关。

二阶非线性抛物方程的B样条有限元法

首先,用二次B样条有限元法求解Fisher-Kolmogorov(FK)方程,证明半离散格式与全离散格式解的稳定性与收敛性;其次,用Crank-Nicolson方法离散时间变量,得到近似解的收敛阶为O((Δt)^(2)+h^(3));最后,用数值算例验证了理论分析结果及B样条有限元法的有效性.

COQ10B在食管鳞癌中的表达及其调控Snail表达促进食管鳞癌细胞增殖与侵袭

目的:探讨COQ10B对食管鳞癌细胞增殖、侵袭能力的影响及可能的分子机制。方法:通过TIMER2.0数据库分析COQ10B基因在各种肿瘤和相邻正常组织之间的表达水平。免疫组织化学检测COQ10B在食管鳞癌组织中的表达水平并进行临床病理特征分析及生存分析;利用慢病毒构建COQ10B敲减稳转株及Snail过表达稳转株,qRT-PCR和Western blot方法检测转染效率。MTT法、Celigo细胞计数及Transwell侵袭小室检测COQ10B对KYSE150细胞系增殖和侵袭能力的影响。通过GEPIA2数据库分析COQ10B表达水平与Snail的相关性;Western blot检测敲减COQ10B对Snail蛋白表达的影响。通过拯救实验分析COQ10B是否通过正调控Snail促进KYSE150细胞系增殖和侵袭能力。结果:COQ10B在ESCC组织及细胞系中均为高表达水平,且表达水平与临床病理特征病理分级相关。COQ10B与ESCC患者预后相关,高表达COQ10B的ESCC患者预后明显较差,且发现性别、肿瘤TNM分期是影响ESCC预后的独立危险因素。敲减COQ10B可降低ESCC细胞增殖及侵袭能力。COQ10B表达水平与Snail呈正相关,并通过正调控Snail促进KYSE150细胞系增殖和侵袭能力。结论:COQ10B通过正向调控Snail基因表达促进食管鳞癌增殖与侵袭。