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Alcohol and illicit drugs:prevalence of alcohol and illicit drug use and their predictors in young people from Argentina,Bulgaria,Chile and Romania
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作者 Daniel Vankov David Jankovszky +2 位作者 Borislav Vankov Martin Galanternik Claudia Rodriguez 《Global Health Journal》 2024年第1期16-23,共8页
Background:Alcohol and illicit drugs(AID)continue to be a major global health concern.Although preventable,AID is linked to millions of deaths annually worldwide.The situation is particularly grave for young people,wi... Background:Alcohol and illicit drugs(AID)continue to be a major global health concern.Although preventable,AID is linked to millions of deaths annually worldwide.The situation is particularly grave for young people,with AID being a major direct risk factor for disability-adjusted youth life-years lost and death.It further contributes to assaults,road crashes,accidental poisoning,and suicide,leading to long-term issues and public health concerns.Objective:This study aimed at disclosing current AID prevalence data for Argentinian,Bulgarian,Chilean and Romanian youth.It shed light on the predictors of AID in young people from those countries.Method:The study used an online survey to gather data from people aged 18 to 25(n=1,297).The survey was underpinned by the theory of planned behaviour(TPB).Predictors were investigated separately for drinking alcohol and using illicit drugs.Results:Our data revealed that across the four target countries,49%to 90%of the participants drank alcohol,and 8%to 35%used illicit drugs in the past three months.Between 20%and 91%of them intended to drink,and between 8%and 31%intended to use illicit drugs in the following three months.Our TPB model predicted statistically significant(P<0.001)amounts of variance in drinking alcohol(between 61%and 72%)and using illicit drugs(between 20.3%and 74.4%).Intention was consistent in significantly predicting both behaviours.Evidence around the predictive validity of self-efficacy,age and gender was mixed across the investigated countries.Conclusion:This research provided an update on the scarce AID epidemiological data.It also supplied evidence about what theoretically-informed measures might be useful targets of interventions in the case of Argentina,Bulgaria,Chile and Romania.This new knowledge of understanding substance abuse determinants and prevalence may help researchers and practitioners better meet young people's health prevention needs. 展开更多
关键词 Young people ALCOHOL Ilicit drugs INTENTION SELF-EFFICACY
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Practice of Barrier Measures against COVID-19 Among Diabetic People Followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, Benin, in 2021
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作者 Yèssito Corine Nadège Houehanou Armand Wanvoègbe +4 位作者 Akouodé Thomas Hounto Luc Béhanzin Maurice Agonnoudé David Houéto Thierry Adoukonou 《Open Journal of Epidemiology》 2024年第2期249-259,共11页
Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-COV2 appeared in China in 2019. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 and to identify associ... Introduction: COVID-19 is a pandemic disease caused by the coronavirus SARS-COV2 appeared in China in 2019. The aim of the study was to evaluate the practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 and to identify associated factors among diabetics followed at Departmental University Hospital Center Ouémé-Plateau, Benin, in 2021. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from June to August 2021, including diabetics aged 18 and over, hospitalized or received for medical visits in the department of medicine at the target hospital. Data were collected during an interview with each participant thanks to a questionnaire. “Good practice” was defined as regular practice of at least two of three barrier measures: hand washing, physical distancing and mask-wearing. Results: A total of 110 diabetics were included with a female predominance (55.5%) and a mean age of 57 ± 11.3 years. Among them, 89.1% washed their hands, 41.8% respected physical distancing and 12.7% wore a mask. The proportion of good practice was 47.3%. Only 5 practiced the three barrier measures. Only age group was associated with good practice. Conclusion: The study showed a low proportion of good practice of barrier measures against COVID-19 among diabetic people surveyed. It is important to continue the action for COVID-19 prevention among diabetic people in the targeted hospital and in other hospitals in Benin. 展开更多
关键词 COVID-19 barrier Measures PRACTICE Diabetic people bENIN
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Assessing Barriers to Mental Healthcare Interventions for Deaf People in Ghana
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作者 Wisdom Kwadwo Mprah Juventus Duorinaah +1 位作者 Lyla Adwan-Kamara Rebecca Tawiah 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第1期29-51,共23页
While mental health issues are increasingly gaining attention in Ghana, little is known about the situation among deaf people. This study assessed the mental health care needs of deaf people in Ghana. A descriptive de... While mental health issues are increasingly gaining attention in Ghana, little is known about the situation among deaf people. This study assessed the mental health care needs of deaf people in Ghana. A descriptive design, consisting of interviews and focus group discussions, was used to collect data from 97 participants. Findings indicated that participants had limited knowledge on mental health issues. Mental health stigma, inaccessible mental health information and exclusion from mental health programmes were the major barriers hindering access to mental health care services. This study bridges the knowledge gap and provides evidence for the implementation of deaf-friendly services. 展开更多
关键词 ACCESS barriers Deaf people Mental Health CAREGIVERS Civil Society Organizations
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Understanding Behavioral Manifestations of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in People with Intellectual Disabilities—A Qualitative Study
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作者 Lena Grüter Matthias Grünke 《Open Journal of Psychiatry》 2024年第2期67-90,共24页
Background: There is limited knowledge about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This paper describes the manifestation of compulsive behaviors associated with OCD at th... Background: There is limited knowledge about obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in people with intellectual disabilities (IDs). This paper describes the manifestation of compulsive behaviors associated with OCD at the behavioral level in people with ID in institutionalized settings. The aim was to gain nuanced insight into appropriate understanding and classification in this specific context, and derive implications for research and practice. Methods: Individual cases of people with ID (n = 7) were studied to assess compulsive symptoms through two days of on-site observation of the person with ID within the institution, guided group discussions (n = 28), and semi-structured interviews with key informants and caregivers of the person with ID (n = 20). Caregiver ratings of the compulsive behavior checklist were compiled. Data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: All forms of OCD were present. Characteristics of compulsive behaviors in people with ID at the behavioral level included less complex and more obvious compulsive acts, immediate responses, signs of tension, motor restlessness, facial expression changes, repetition, need for predictability, time-consuming behaviors, and aggressive reactions when these acts were interrupted. Some of the compulsive behaviors corresponded to the ICD-11 OCD code 6B20, and others to compulsions as a psychological symptom (MB23.4). Conclusions: OCD may manifest atypically at the behavioral level in people with ID, posing significant challenges for accurate classification due to symptom ambiguity. Follow-up differential diagnostic studies are needed to more accurately identify and differentiate OCD symptoms in people with ID. Further, disorder-specific guidelines for recognizing OCD in people with ID are needed for institutionalized settings without psychiatric-psychotherapeutic expertise. 展开更多
关键词 people with Intellectual Disabilities Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Compulsive behavior DIAGNOSTICS Differential Diagnosis
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Towards complex scenes: A deep learning-based camouflaged people detection method for snapshot multispectral images
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作者 Shu Wang Dawei Zeng +3 位作者 Yixuan Xu Gonghan Yang Feng Huang Liqiong Chen 《Defence Technology(防务技术)》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2024年第4期269-281,共13页
Camouflaged people are extremely expert in actively concealing themselves by effectively utilizing cover and the surrounding environment. Despite advancements in optical detection capabilities through imaging systems,... Camouflaged people are extremely expert in actively concealing themselves by effectively utilizing cover and the surrounding environment. Despite advancements in optical detection capabilities through imaging systems, including spectral, polarization, and infrared technologies, there is still a lack of effective real-time method for accurately detecting small-size and high-efficient camouflaged people in complex real-world scenes. Here, this study proposes a snapshot multispectral image-based camouflaged detection model, multispectral YOLO(MS-YOLO), which utilizes the SPD-Conv and Sim AM modules to effectively represent targets and suppress background interference by exploiting the spatial-spectral target information. Besides, the study constructs the first real-shot multispectral camouflaged people dataset(MSCPD), which encompasses diverse scenes, target scales, and attitudes. To minimize information redundancy, MS-YOLO selects an optimal subset of 12 bands with strong feature representation and minimal inter-band correlation as input. Through experiments on the MSCPD, MS-YOLO achieves a mean Average Precision of 94.31% and real-time detection at 65 frames per second, which confirms the effectiveness and efficiency of our method in detecting camouflaged people in various typical desert and forest scenes. Our approach offers valuable support to improve the perception capabilities of unmanned aerial vehicles in detecting enemy forces and rescuing personnel in battlefield. 展开更多
关键词 Camouflaged people detection Snapshot multispectral imaging Optimal band selection MS-YOLO Complex remote sensing scenes
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Associations of PNPLA3 and LEP genetic polymorphisms with metabolic-associated fatty liver disease in Thai people living with human immunodeficiency virus
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作者 Kanuengnit Choochuay Punna Kunhapan +6 位作者 Apichaya Puangpetch Sissades Tongsima Pornpen Srisawasdi Abhasnee Sobhonslidsuk Somnuek Sungkanuparph Mohitosh Biswas Chonlaphat Sukasem 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第3期366-378,共13页
BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a growing public health issue in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH).However,the pathophysiology of MAFLD is still unkno... BACKGROUND The prevalence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a growing public health issue in people living with human immunodeficiency virus(PLWH).However,the pathophysiology of MAFLD is still unknown,and the role of genetic variables is only now becoming evident.AIM To evaluate the associations of gene-polymorphism-related MAFLD in PLWH.METHODS The study employed transient elastography with a controlled attenuation parameter≥248 dB/m to identify MAFLD in patients from a Super Tertiary Hospital in central Thailand.Candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were genotyped using TaqMan®MGB probe 5'nuclease assays for seven MAFLD-related genes.Statistical analyses included SNP frequency analysis,Fisher's Exact and Chi-square tests,odds ratio calculations,and multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS The G-allele carriers of PNPLA3(rs738409)exhibited a two-fold rise in MAFLD,increasing by 2.5 times in MAFLD with human immunodeficiency virus infection.The clinical features and genetic patterns imply that LEP rs7799039 A-allele carriers had a nine times(P=0.001)more significant chance of developing aberrant triglyceride among PLWH.CONCLUSION The current study shows an association between PNPLA3 rs738409 and LEP rs7799039 with MAFLD in PLWH. 展开更多
关键词 PNPLA3 LEP Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease people living with HIV THAI
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The Value and Realization Strategy of Teacher Ethics Construction in Colleges and Universities under the Perspective of“Cultivating People by Virtue”
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作者 LI Dan 《Journal of Literature and Art Studies》 2024年第8期741-747,共7页
“Cultivating people by virtue”has become the foundation of China’s education,and is the top priority of college education.“Only the learned can become teachers,and only those who behave properly can become role mo... “Cultivating people by virtue”has become the foundation of China’s education,and is the top priority of college education.“Only the learned can become teachers,and only those who behave properly can become role models”.The construction of teachers’ethics in colleges and universities is the premise of realizing the fundamental task of moral education,the need of teachers,the key to realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and it is also the way to correct the bad atmosphere in colleges and universities.In the construction of teachers’ethics,teachers should understand their roles and improve their professional ethics,schools should improve the guarantee system of teachers’ethics construction,meanwhile,improve the status of teachers and create a social environment of respecting teachers and valuing teachers. 展开更多
关键词 cultivating people by virtue teacher ethics colleges and universities
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The Relationship Between Social Isolation, Psychological Resilience, and Psychological Well- Being Among Older People in the Community
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作者 Lijing Wang Zhaoyu Bi +3 位作者 Hongying Tian Liping Xu Yanling Li Hongyun Cai 《Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research》 2024年第10期36-44,共9页
Objective:To explore the relationship between social isolation,psychological resilience,and psychological well-being in community-dwelling older adults.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted with 265 community-d... Objective:To explore the relationship between social isolation,psychological resilience,and psychological well-being in community-dwelling older adults.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted with 265 community-dwelling older adults using the Social Isolation Scale for the Elderly(C-SIS),the 10-item Brief Psychological Resilience Scale,and the Comprehensive Happiness Questionnaire(MHQ).The results were statistically analyzed using SPSS 27.0.Results:The highest score on the Social Isolation Scale for Community Elderly was 23,with a mean entry score of 2.36±0.62.A score of 14 was the cut-off point,with scores of≤14 classified as social isolation.There were 136 cases with scores below 14,resulting in a social isolation incidence rate of 51.3%.The median(P50)psychological resilience score was 27,indicating a higher level of resilience.The total score on the Psychological Well-being Scale was 161,suggesting a moderate to slightly higher level of well-being.Social isolation had a direct negative effect on psychological well-being,while psychological resilience had a positive effect.Conclusion:Older adults should be supported in reducing the incidence of social isolation and increasing psychological resilience to enhance psychological well-being and promote successful aging. 展开更多
关键词 COMMUNITY Older people Social isolation Psychological resilience Psychological well-being
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Historical review and reflections on the participation of acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of epidemics in the People’s Republic of China (from 1950 until now)
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作者 Xiong Xiao 《History & Philosophy of Medicine》 2024年第3期1-5,共5页
Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, both the Communist Party and the government have placed great emphasis on the advancement of traditional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture and moxibustion have b... Since the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, both the Communist Party and the government have placed great emphasis on the advancement of traditional Chinese medicine. Acupuncture and moxibustion have been actively involved in combating major epidemics such as malaria, schistosomiasis, and COVID-19. This article conducts a historical review of these three significant cases to elucidate how the acupuncture community has effectively utilized its unique advantages and characteristics through theoretical discussions, clinical practices, experimental research, as well as receiving administrative leadership and political support from the Communist Party of China and government. We provide an objective evaluation of their effectiveness while summarizing historical experiences to serve as a reference for future utilization of acupuncture and moxibustion therapy in epidemic relief efforts. Additionally, propose four suggestions: strengthening Party leadership and enhancing political support;timely summarization of experiences to establish programs and systems;deepening scientific research by integrating experimental findings with clinical practice;focusing on public awareness campaigns and education to solidify grassroots foundations. 展开更多
关键词 acupuncture and moxibustion the people’s Republic of China EPIDEMICS MALARIA SCHISTOSOMIASIS COVID-19
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官方媒体运用网络社交平台对外传播研究——以Facebook中People’s Daily为例 被引量:5
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作者 李盛楠 《今传媒》 2016年第2期23-25,共3页
本文通过选取国际社交网站Facebook中People’s Daily(《人民日报》)2015年1月1日至5月15日发布的所有信息为研究样本,采用内容分析法,利用SPSS分析数据,试图研究其在国外社交平台中呈现的中国国家形象。分析结果显示,其新闻多集中在对... 本文通过选取国际社交网站Facebook中People’s Daily(《人民日报》)2015年1月1日至5月15日发布的所有信息为研究样本,采用内容分析法,利用SPSS分析数据,试图研究其在国外社交平台中呈现的中国国家形象。分析结果显示,其新闻多集中在对国内新闻的报道中,且社会、文化、政治领域的信息最多,外交、军事、救灾类报道也很好地塑造了中国国家形象,但在传播中依然存在许多问题,比如信息依然是单向传播,缺乏对社交平台互动性的利用、信息内容过于单一等。 展开更多
关键词 peoples DAILY FACEbOOK 国家形象 内容分析
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基于TLR4 NF-κB通路-神经相关因子探究依达拉奉对急性脑梗死患者炎症反应与神经损伤的保护机制
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作者 李莉 姜雪 +1 位作者 姜荣格 李恳 《中国实用神经疾病杂志》 2025年第1期47-52,共6页
目的基于Toll样受体4(TLR4)核因子-κB(NF-κB)通路-神经相关因子探究依达拉奉对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者炎症反应与神经损伤的保护机制。方法选取2020-07—2023-07保定市第一中心医院收治的110例ACI患者,以随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,... 目的基于Toll样受体4(TLR4)核因子-κB(NF-κB)通路-神经相关因子探究依达拉奉对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者炎症反应与神经损伤的保护机制。方法选取2020-07—2023-07保定市第一中心医院收治的110例ACI患者,以随机数字表法分为观察组、对照组,各55例,对照组给予阿替普酶溶栓,观察组给予阿替普酶溶栓联合依达拉奉治疗。比较2组疗效、神经功能[美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、改良Rankin评分]、TLR4 NF-κB通路指标(TLR4、NF-κB)、神经损伤相关因子[神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、中枢神经特异性蛋白(S-100β)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)]、TLR4 NF-κB通路相关炎症因子[白介素-1β(IL-1β)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、五聚素3(PTX3)、脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)]。结果观察组总有效率96.36%,高于对照组的83.64%(P<0.05)。治疗1、2周观察组NIHSS评分、改良Rankin评分均低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组TLR4、NF-κB均低于对照组(P<0.05)。相较于治疗前,2组治疗1、2周后S-100β、NSE水平明显下降,BDNF水平明显升高,观察组S-100β、NSE水平均低于对照组,BDNF水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。相较于治疗前,2组治疗1、2周后IL-1β、hs-CRP、TNF-α、PTX3、Lp-PLA2水平均明显下降,观察组IL-1β、hs-CRP、TNF-α、PTX3、Lp-PLA2水平均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论依达拉奉对ACI患者的疗效显著,有利于缓解炎症反应,改善神经损伤,其保护机制可能与TLR4 NF-κB通路调控神经损伤、炎症反应相关因子有关。 展开更多
关键词 急性脑梗死 TOLL样受体4 核因子-Κb 依达拉奉 TLR4 NF-κb通路
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基于时序可中断π演算的BPEL和BPEL4People建模 被引量:1
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作者 金暐 王捍贫 朱梅霞 《北京大学学报(自然科学版)》 EI CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第2期209-216,共8页
为了形式化地定义BPEL和BPEL4People的语义,提出了一个π演算的变种——πit演算。相对于传统的π演算,πit演算可以描述中断事件和时间事件,从而拥有更好的建模表达能力。介绍了πit演算的语法和语义,定义了一类强互模拟关系来判定πi... 为了形式化地定义BPEL和BPEL4People的语义,提出了一个π演算的变种——πit演算。相对于传统的π演算,πit演算可以描述中断事件和时间事件,从而拥有更好的建模表达能力。介绍了πit演算的语法和语义,定义了一类强互模拟关系来判定πit演算进程间的行为等价,然后使用πit演算对BPEL和BPEL4People的活动进行了建模。该形式化模型有助于在BPEL和BPEL4People程序的设计阶段对其可靠性和一致性进行验证。 展开更多
关键词 bPEL bPEL4people Π演算 时序 可中断
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双偶氮苯-二苯并[b,i]噻蒽-[2,3-b]苯-5,7,12,14-四酮衍生物分子的二阶非线性光学性质 被引量:1
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作者 张宇红 李博 +4 位作者 陈自然 李渊 徐友辉 张莉萍 何旭东 《原子与分子物理学报》 CAS 北大核心 2025年第2期15-23,共9页
使用密度泛函理论(DFT)M06-2X方法、采用6-311+g(d,p)基组,分别对26个双偶氮-二苯并[b,i]噻蒽-[2,3-b]苯-5,7,12,14-四酮衍生物分子进行结构优化与频率计算;使用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)TD-M06-2X方法计算了a1~d6分子的前线分子轨道与... 使用密度泛函理论(DFT)M06-2X方法、采用6-311+g(d,p)基组,分别对26个双偶氮-二苯并[b,i]噻蒽-[2,3-b]苯-5,7,12,14-四酮衍生物分子进行结构优化与频率计算;使用含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)TD-M06-2X方法计算了a1~d6分子的前线分子轨道与电子吸收光谱,采用有效场FF方法研究了二阶非线性光学性质(NLO).研究结果表明,26个噻蒽四酮类衍生物分子的能隙在1.33—2.02 eV范围,归属于有机半导体;最低能量吸收峰波长在601.8~609.5nm范围;在增大分子的二阶非线性光学系数β_(μ)(或β_(0))值方面,含相同偶氮苯基团或含不同偶氮苯基团分别引入到二苯并[b,i]噻蒽-[2,3-b]苯-5,7,12,14-四酮分子两侧的2,10位优于2,9位,在2,10位分别端接含推、拉基团的偶氮苯优于含相同给电子基团的偶氮苯.在偶氮苯苯环对位分别端接强吸电子基(-NO_(2))与强供电子基(如-N(CH_(3))_(2)、-N(Ph)_(3)、-N-苯基咔唑等)可增强体系的二阶非线性光学性能,获得性能良好的非线性光学材料. 展开更多
关键词 双偶氮 二苯并[b i]噻蒽-[2 3-b]苯-5 7 12 14-四酮 密度泛函理论 电子吸收光谱 二阶非线性光学性质
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中药单体治疗脊髓损伤后神经炎症:核转录因子κB信号通路的作用 被引量:2
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作者 徐振华 李彦杰 +3 位作者 秦合伟 刘昊源 朱博超 王煜普 《中国组织工程研究》 CAS 北大核心 2025年第3期590-598,共9页
背景:基于核转录因子κB通路探究神经炎症的靶向治疗越来越值得探究,中药靶点多、范围广、机制丰富及不良反应少等优点在治疗各类疾病时都具有十分巨大的潜力。目的:基于核转录因子κB信号通路,对近年研究中出现的山奈酚、红花黄、汉黄... 背景:基于核转录因子κB通路探究神经炎症的靶向治疗越来越值得探究,中药靶点多、范围广、机制丰富及不良反应少等优点在治疗各类疾病时都具有十分巨大的潜力。目的:基于核转录因子κB信号通路,对近年研究中出现的山奈酚、红花黄、汉黄芩苷及雷公藤甲素等中药单体治疗脊髓损伤后神经炎症的研究进展进行系统的阐述与归纳。方法:以“脊髓损伤,炎症,抗炎,中药单体,单体化合物,NF-κB信号通路,黄酮,糖苷,酚类,酯类,生物碱”为检索词在中国知网数据库中进行检索;以“Spinal cord injury,inflammation,anti-inflammatory,traditional Chinese medicine monomer,monomeric compound,NF-κB signaling pathway,flavonoids,glycosides,phenols,esters,alkaloids”为检索词在PubMed数据库中进行检索,最终共纳入67篇文献进行综述分析。结果与结论:①核转录因子κB信号通路在神经系统中的作用复杂多样,能够调控中性粒细胞、小胶质细胞、星形胶质细胞和巨噬细胞等,介导损伤后炎症的发生与发展;②中药单体如汉黄芩苷对核转录因子κB抑制蛋白的降解、红花黄素对核转录因子κB信号通路磷酸化过程的抑制、山奈酚对核转录因子κB信号通路p65核易位的抑制等作用可以降低炎症反应对机体造成的影响,从而促进神经功能恢复;③核转录因子κB信号通路在损伤早期能够促进炎症反应和免疫细胞迁移活化,在损伤中后期能够促进损伤部位的修复和纤维化的发生等,适当的激活核转录因子κB信号通路具有促进炎症因子的释放、提高细胞的抗氧化能力及促进免疫细胞的活化等能力,但过度激活的核转录因子κB信号通路则容易导致慢性炎症的发生和持续、细胞凋亡受到抑制等;④未来的研究可以进一步探索如何准确调控核转录因子κB信号通路的活化水平、如何实现对神经系统炎症和损伤的精准干预展开,也可围绕中药单体的制备及中药单体对信号通路的作用机制展开,以期为神经系统疾病的康复和功能恢复提供更有效的治疗策略。 展开更多
关键词 核转录因子Κb 信号通路 脊髓损伤 中药单体 继发性损伤 神经炎症 小胶质细胞 星形胶质细胞 糖苷 机制
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基于“微生物-肠-脑轴”探讨补肾通腑方对APP/PS1小鼠肠道菌群及LPS/TLR4/NF-κB通路的影响
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作者 王旭 张杰 +2 位作者 赵敏 宋晓雨 段建平 《中国药理学通报》 CAS 北大核心 2025年第1期171-178,共8页
目的探讨补肾通腑方调控肠道菌群,改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)模型小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制。方法以APP/PS1小鼠为研究对象,给予补肾通腑方治疗8周,采用Morris水迷宫法观察小鼠空间学习记忆能力变化;16S rDNA检测小... 目的探讨补肾通腑方调控肠道菌群,改善阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD)模型小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制。方法以APP/PS1小鼠为研究对象,给予补肾通腑方治疗8周,采用Morris水迷宫法观察小鼠空间学习记忆能力变化;16S rDNA检测小鼠肠道菌群丰度、多样性变化;HE染色观察海马病理形态学变化;免疫荧光检测海马区小胶质细胞活化情况;Western blot检测TLR4、NF-κB、IL-6等炎症因子表达。结果与模型组相比,补肾通腑方可以缩短AD模型小鼠逃避潜伏期、游泳路径,增加跨越平台次数(P<0.05),提升肠道菌群多样性,调节肠道菌群丰度,促进海马神经元细胞损伤修复,降低iNOS/Iba1共表达,提高Arg1/Iba1共表达(P<0.01),促进小胶质细胞从M1型向M2型转化,下调TLR4、NF-κB、IL-6等促炎因子的表达。结论补肾通腑方改善AD模型小鼠学习记忆能力的作用机制可能与调节肠道菌群介导的LPS/TLR4/NF-κB通路,从而抑制促炎型小胶质细胞活化、减轻中枢神经系统炎症、改善海马区神经元细胞损伤有关。 展开更多
关键词 阿尔茨海默病 补肾通腑方 肠道菌群 LPS/TLR4/NF-κb通路 16S rDNA 微生物-肠-脑轴
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葫芦素B改善脂多糖诱导C2C12肌管萎缩作用机制
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作者 曹晟 丁嘉 +7 位作者 肖樾笛 杨博云 邰屹 刘欣哲 邢月 李明月 马娟 左红香 《北华大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 2025年第1期36-41,共6页
目的 探讨葫芦素B(Cucurbitacin B,CuB)对LPS诱导的C2C12肌管萎缩和C57BL/6小鼠骨骼肌萎缩的影响。方法 采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测蛋白表达水平,苏木精-伊红染色法观察细胞形态变化,通过测量小鼠握力以及腓肠肌和胫骨前肌质量评估骨骼肌... 目的 探讨葫芦素B(Cucurbitacin B,CuB)对LPS诱导的C2C12肌管萎缩和C57BL/6小鼠骨骼肌萎缩的影响。方法 采用蛋白免疫印迹法检测蛋白表达水平,苏木精-伊红染色法观察细胞形态变化,通过测量小鼠握力以及腓肠肌和胫骨前肌质量评估骨骼肌萎缩程度。结果 蛋白免疫印迹试验表明,LPS能够诱导C2C12肌管萎缩(P<0.01),而经葫芦素B(0.3~3.0μmol/L)处理后可促进肌管分化相关蛋白(MyHC)及肌肉合成相关蛋白的表达,减少促炎因子(IL-1β、COX-2)释放(P<0.001)。苏木精-伊红染色试验结果从形态学角度证实了葫芦素B能有效改善LPS刺激下的肌管萎缩。此外,动物试验显示,LPS可导致C57BL/6小鼠握力以及腓肠肌与胫骨前肌质量显著下降,而经葫芦素B治疗后症状有所改善(P<0.05)。结论 葫芦素B在治疗骨骼肌萎缩方面具有潜在应用价值,为开发天然药物来源的先导化合物提供了理论依据,并为炎症诱导的骨骼肌萎缩的治疗开辟了新思路。 展开更多
关键词 葫芦素b 骨骼肌萎缩 抗炎
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Hepatitis B virus infection and genotype in asymptomatic people from 10 ethnic groups in Yunnan, China 被引量:8
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作者 Yuan-Ying Shen Wei Hou +1 位作者 Zhan-Qiu Yang Wen Xiao 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2015年第44期12586-12592,共7页
AIM: To evaluate the infection and genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus(HBV) in ethnic groups in Yunnan, China.METHODS: Two thousand five hundred and eightyfour asymptomatic local people from 10 ethnic groups we... AIM: To evaluate the infection and genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus(HBV) in ethnic groups in Yunnan, China.METHODS: Two thousand five hundred and eightyfour asymptomatic local people from 10 ethnic groups were investigated in Yunnan, China. Infection and genotype distribution were evaluated by serological and genetic methods. Genotyping was verified by sequencing. Ethnic genotype distribution was compared by proportion test. RESULTS: Four types of infection model based on HBV serum markers were identified, and the average HBV infection rate was 5.7% in those asymptomatic local people. The genotype prevalence was 59.6% for B, 21.1% for C and 19.3% BC; subgenotypes Ba, Cs and Ce were identified in this study. Hepatitis B surface antigen-positive rate and the proportion of genotype B were significantly lower in ethnic groups with a northern origin compared to those with a southern origin(50% vs 73.9%, P = 0.037; 4.2% vs 10.5%, P = 0.000).CONCLUSION: Genotype B is dominant and genotype BC has high occurrence in asymptomatic local ethnic groups in Yunnan. HBV infection status and genotype distribution may associate with ethnic origin. 展开更多
关键词 HEPATITIS b virus Infection and GENOTYPE ETHNIC di
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A descriptive-comparative study of medications used by older people prior to and following admission to a continuing care facility 被引量:9
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作者 Alysha Visram Donna Wilson 《Open Journal of Nursing》 2012年第1期8-14,共7页
Medications are beneficial for curing or managing acute and chronic illnesses. Medications typically have positive outcomes, although older people are prone to drug-related problems. Community-dwelling seniors are at ... Medications are beneficial for curing or managing acute and chronic illnesses. Medications typically have positive outcomes, although older people are prone to drug-related problems. Community-dwelling seniors are at particularly high risk of polypharmacy, as they tend to receive many prescriptions over time and from different care providers. Continuing-care facility admission presents an excellent opportunity for a comprehensive medication review. A research study was conducted to describe and compare medications taken by community-dwelling seniors prior to and following admission to a continuing-care facility. This pilot project involved data being gathered from the charts of deceased residents, as required by a University Health Research Ethics Board, who had been cared for at one large local continuing-care facility. The facility administrators also approved this study, in part to evaluate their policy to conduct a medication review for all new residents within six weeks of entry. This study revealed a slight but statistically significant reduction in the number of medications following this review. Other issues such as medication interactions and required dosage changes were addressed by this medication review. Although this study was confined to one continuing-care facility and a small number of residents, the findings suggest medication reviews would be beneficial upon admission to all continuing-care facilities, and annually perhaps through other means for older persons living in the community. 展开更多
关键词 POLYPHARMACY Drug Interactions OLDER people Aging Nursing Homes CONTINUING Care Comparative Research
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SLCO1B1 &ApoE Gene Polymorphism Analysis of the Li People in Hainan Island and Its Clinical Significance 被引量:4
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作者 Heqiu Ruan Linlin Zhan +4 位作者 Zihe Wang Mengjuan Xia Zhichao Ma Shengmiao Fu Xinping Chen 《Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering》 2021年第3期130-141,共12页
Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene polymorphisms of the Li people in Hainan Island. Method: Selecting 502 high school students of the Li people fr... Objective: To analyze the distribution characteristics and clinical significance of SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene polymorphisms of the Li people in Hainan Island. Method: Selecting 502 high school students of the Li people from five cities and counties in Hainan Island (namely, Qiongzhong County, Dongfang City, Ledong County, Baoting County and Wuzhishan City) as research subjects in September, 2019;Applying PCR-fluorescence probe method to detect SLCO1B1 and ApoE genotypes of the Li people in Hainan Island, and statistically analyzing the distribution characteristics of gene frequency and the distribution differences in gene polymorphisms between different genders. Meanwhile, detecting the SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene of 527 people from the Han people in five regions mentioned before, so as to analyze the distribution differences of the SLCO1B1 and ApoE gene between the Han people and the Li people. Results: The frequency of each genotype of SLCO1B1 in the Li people in Hainan Island is: *1a/*1a 6.77%, *1a/*1b 27.09%, *1b/1b 41.63%, *1a/*5 0.00%, *1a/*15 4.78%, *1b/15 16.93%., *5/*5 0.00%, *5/*15 0.00%, *15/*15 2.79%;And that of ApoE is: e2/e2 0.40%, e2/e3 17.73%, e2/e4 2.39%, e3/e3 65.54%, e3/e4 12.55%, e4/e4 1.39%. There is no significant difference (P > 0.05) in other genotypes except weak metabolic genotypes (*5/*5, *5/*15 and *15/*15) between the Han and the Li peoples. Conclusion: The gene frequency of SLCO1B1 weak metabolic genotype is dramatically higher in the Li people of Hainan Island than that of the Han people in both Hainan Island and Central and South China, but there is no significant difference in ApoE gene frequency among them. Therefore, clinicians should adjust the dosage of statins and select the types of lipid-lowering drugs according to the differences in patients’ genotypes, and strengthen the management of patients with ApoE4 risk gene. 展开更多
关键词 The Li people in Hainan Island SLCO1b1 APOE Gene Polymorphisms Statin Medicine
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Misperceptions of Chinese People about North American Culture 被引量:1
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作者 何玉红 《海外英语》 2011年第9X期271-271,274,共2页
Cultural knowledge has some influence on successful inter-cultural communication.In order to help Chinese people communicate well with foreigners,this paper discusses some misperceptions of Chinese people about North ... Cultural knowledge has some influence on successful inter-cultural communication.In order to help Chinese people communicate well with foreigners,this paper discusses some misperceptions of Chinese people about North American culture based on the data collected from several Chinese and American participants.And MK.Mayer's model of basic values and Kluckhohn-Strodtotbeck's model are adopted to analyze the reasons why Chinese people have such misperceptions.Based on the findings,three suggestions are provided to help Chinese to overcome some misperceptions with the hope that they can conduct a good communication with foreigners. 展开更多
关键词 Chinese people MISPERCEPTIONS NORTH AMERICAN CULTURE REASONS for MISPERCEPTIONS suggestions
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