BACKGROUND No guideline recommends antiviral therapy for hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels and a high hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA...BACKGROUND No guideline recommends antiviral therapy for hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels and a high hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA viral load.AIM To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a Chinese herbal formula as a therapeutic option for chronic HBV infection.METHODS In total,395 patients(30–65 years old)with confirmed HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B infection and persistently normal alanine aminotransferase were randomized to receive either Chinese herbal formula or placebo for 96 wk.Endpoints to evaluate therapeutic efficacy included:(1)HBV DNA levels decreased to less than 4 log10 IU/mL at weeks 48 and 96;and(2)HBeAg clearance and seroconversion rates at weeks 48 and 96.RESULTS HBV DNA levels≤4 log10 IU/mL were 10.05%at week 48 and 18.59%at week 96 in the treatment group.The HBeAg clearance and conversion rates were 8.54%and 8.04%at week 48 and 16.08%and 14.57%at week 96,respectively.However,HBV DNA levels≤4 log10 IU/mL were 2.55%and 2.55%at weeks 48 and 96,respectively,and the HBeAg clearance rates were 3.06%and 5.61%at weeks 48 and 96,respectively,in the control group.The quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen and HBeAg levels at baseline and changes during the treatment period as well as the alanine aminotransferase elevation at weeks 12 and 24 were strong predictors of HBeAg clearance.CONCLUSION High rates of HBV DNA reduction,HBeAg clearance and seroconversion could be achieved with Chinese herbal formula treatments,and the treatments were relatively safe for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B-infected patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase.The ability of the compound to modulate host immune function probably contributed to this effect.展开更多
Objective The main pathological feature of immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN),an autoimmune kidney disease,is the deposition of IgA immune complexes,accompanied by mesangial cell proliferation and elevated urine prote...Objective The main pathological feature of immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN),an autoimmune kidney disease,is the deposition of IgA immune complexes,accompanied by mesangial cell proliferation and elevated urine protein.The Guben Tongluo formula(GTF)is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription,which has predominant protective effects on IgAN.However,the therapeutic mechanism of the GTF in IgAN remains elusive.The present study aimed to determine the effects of GTF in treating IgAN via regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.Methods In the present study,lamina propria B lymphocytes were treated with different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)(0,1,5,10 and 20 ng/mL).Flow cytometry was used to define positive CD86+CD19+cells.CCK-8 assay was used to examine cell proliferation.RNAi was used to induce TLR4 silencing.qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine gene expression.Results It was found that the LPS dose-dependently increased the content of IgA and galactose-deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA),the levels of TLR4,Cosmc,MyD88 and phosphorylated(p)-NF-κB,and the ratio of CD86+CD19+and IgA-producing B cells.However,the TLR4 knockdown reversed the role of LPS.This suggests that TLR4 mediates the effects of LPS on lamina propria B lymphocytes.Furthermore,the GTF could dose-dependently counteract the effects of LPS and TLR4 overexpression on lamina propria B lymphocytes through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.Conclusion Collectively,these results demonstrate that the GTF can regulate the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to treat IgAN model lamina propria B lymphocytes stimulated by LPS.展开更多
Though the Bǎcklund transformation on time-like surfaces with constant mean curvature surfaces in R^2,1 has been obtained, it is not easy to obtain corresponding surfaces because the procedure of solving the related ...Though the Bǎcklund transformation on time-like surfaces with constant mean curvature surfaces in R^2,1 has been obtained, it is not easy to obtain corresponding surfaces because the procedure of solving the related integrable system cannot be avoided when the Bǎcklund transformation is used, For sake of this, in this article, some special work is done to reform the Bǎcklund transformation to a recursion formula, by which we can construct time-like surfaces with constant mean curvature form known ones just by quadrature procedure.展开更多
The new enamels with high H 3BO 3 (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 AlPO 4 content were studied, and the melting temperature of the enamels was adjusted by adding carbonate of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal. The enamels could spr...The new enamels with high H 3BO 3 (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 AlPO 4 content were studied, and the melting temperature of the enamels was adjusted by adding carbonate of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal. The enamels could spread slightly in the molten Al alloy observed by SEM and experiment. The components of the enamels were not detected with electron probe (EDAX S 520) on the interface of Al alloy, but elemental Si of aluminum alloy was found in the silica free enamels. Moreover, the components of the boron free enamels were detected on the interface of Al alloy. The results show that the enamels with high B 2O 3 P 2O 5 AlPO 4 content are resistant to the corrosion of molten Al.展开更多
Polynomial splines have played an important role in image processing, medical imaging and wavelet theory. Exponential splines which are of more general concept have been recently investigated.We focus on cardinal expo...Polynomial splines have played an important role in image processing, medical imaging and wavelet theory. Exponential splines which are of more general concept have been recently investigated.We focus on cardinal exponential splines and develop a method to implement the exponential B-splines which form a Riesz basis of the space of cardinal exponential splines with finite energy.展开更多
Based on the documentation of the invited paper and the subsequent discussion at a virtual conference,discoveries are indicated,which are summarized in the following paper for further evaluation on the topic of non-th...Based on the documentation of the invited paper and the subsequent discussion at a virtual conference,discoveries are indicated,which are summarized in the following paper for further evaluation on the topic of non-thermal forces using terms of extremely powerful components of Maxwell’s stress tensor at the interaction of CPA(chirped pulse amplification)laser pulses in the fusion plasmas of hydrogen with the isotope 11 of boron.This is caused by a recoil mechanism given by the Fresnel formulas of the suppression of the reflectivity of inhomogeneous plasma given by optical constants of the plasma properties.展开更多
目的:研究平喘Ⅰ号在支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症和气道重塑中的作用。方法:BALB/C雄性小鼠180只,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、地塞米松组、平喘Ⅰ号低、中、高剂量组6组,每组30只,每组包括2周、4周、6周组。通过呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)...目的:研究平喘Ⅰ号在支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症和气道重塑中的作用。方法:BALB/C雄性小鼠180只,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、地塞米松组、平喘Ⅰ号低、中、高剂量组6组,每组30只,每组包括2周、4周、6周组。通过呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)致敏和激发复制哮喘模型。除正常对照组及模型对照组用等量生理盐水外,其余各治疗组用相应药物给予干预。观察小鼠激发时的症状。通过图像分析软件测定支气管壁厚度(Wat)和平滑肌厚度(Wam),采用实时定量-聚合酶链反应(Real time PCR)测定小鼠肺组织中血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF-B mRNA)的含量,采用免疫印迹法(Western blotting)测定肺组织中细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases,ERK1)的表达水平,直线相关分析法显示PDGF-BmRNA与ERK1的相关性。结果:与正常对照组相比较,各哮喘模型组中Wat和Wam,PDGF-BmRNA含量和ERK1水平均明显增高(P均<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,平喘I号各剂量组和地塞米松组中Wat和Wam,PDGF-BmRNA含量和ERK1水平均明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),其中地塞米松各组水平均高于平喘I号低剂量和中剂量组(P<0.05或P<0.01),与高剂量各组相比,地塞米松2周组水平较低(P<0.05),而4周和6周组则增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:PDGF-B与支气管哮喘气道重塑的程度相关,并与ERK信号传导途径在支气管哮喘气道重塑中起重要作用。平喘Ⅰ号可以降低PDGF-BmRNA的含量和ERK1水平,延缓哮喘小鼠的气道重塑,缓解其症状。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81174263National Science and Technology Major Project during the 12th Five-year Plan Period,No.2012ZX1005006+1 种基金Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,Guangdong Province,China,No.SZSM201612074and Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province,China,No.2017A020213016.
文摘BACKGROUND No guideline recommends antiviral therapy for hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase levels and a high hepatitis B virus(HBV)DNA viral load.AIM To evaluate the feasibility and safety of a Chinese herbal formula as a therapeutic option for chronic HBV infection.METHODS In total,395 patients(30–65 years old)with confirmed HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B infection and persistently normal alanine aminotransferase were randomized to receive either Chinese herbal formula or placebo for 96 wk.Endpoints to evaluate therapeutic efficacy included:(1)HBV DNA levels decreased to less than 4 log10 IU/mL at weeks 48 and 96;and(2)HBeAg clearance and seroconversion rates at weeks 48 and 96.RESULTS HBV DNA levels≤4 log10 IU/mL were 10.05%at week 48 and 18.59%at week 96 in the treatment group.The HBeAg clearance and conversion rates were 8.54%and 8.04%at week 48 and 16.08%and 14.57%at week 96,respectively.However,HBV DNA levels≤4 log10 IU/mL were 2.55%and 2.55%at weeks 48 and 96,respectively,and the HBeAg clearance rates were 3.06%and 5.61%at weeks 48 and 96,respectively,in the control group.The quantitative hepatitis B surface antigen and HBeAg levels at baseline and changes during the treatment period as well as the alanine aminotransferase elevation at weeks 12 and 24 were strong predictors of HBeAg clearance.CONCLUSION High rates of HBV DNA reduction,HBeAg clearance and seroconversion could be achieved with Chinese herbal formula treatments,and the treatments were relatively safe for HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B-infected patients with persistently normal alanine aminotransferase.The ability of the compound to modulate host immune function probably contributed to this effect.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81904124)the Scientific Project of Shanghai Sanitation and Health Committee(No.20204Y0191)the projects of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission(No.22Y31920200).
文摘Objective The main pathological feature of immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN),an autoimmune kidney disease,is the deposition of IgA immune complexes,accompanied by mesangial cell proliferation and elevated urine protein.The Guben Tongluo formula(GTF)is a traditional Chinese medicine prescription,which has predominant protective effects on IgAN.However,the therapeutic mechanism of the GTF in IgAN remains elusive.The present study aimed to determine the effects of GTF in treating IgAN via regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.Methods In the present study,lamina propria B lymphocytes were treated with different concentrations of lipopolysaccharide(LPS)(0,1,5,10 and 20 ng/mL).Flow cytometry was used to define positive CD86+CD19+cells.CCK-8 assay was used to examine cell proliferation.RNAi was used to induce TLR4 silencing.qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to determine gene expression.Results It was found that the LPS dose-dependently increased the content of IgA and galactose-deficient IgA1(Gd-IgA),the levels of TLR4,Cosmc,MyD88 and phosphorylated(p)-NF-κB,and the ratio of CD86+CD19+and IgA-producing B cells.However,the TLR4 knockdown reversed the role of LPS.This suggests that TLR4 mediates the effects of LPS on lamina propria B lymphocytes.Furthermore,the GTF could dose-dependently counteract the effects of LPS and TLR4 overexpression on lamina propria B lymphocytes through the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.Conclusion Collectively,these results demonstrate that the GTF can regulate the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway to treat IgAN model lamina propria B lymphocytes stimulated by LPS.
基金The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos. 10571149, 10571165, and 10101025 We are grateful to Sha Nan-Shi and Zhang Wen-Jing, who are both students in Department of Statistics and Finance, University of Science and Technology of China, for their valuable and creative ideas in stimulating discussions as well as conscientious work of computing.
文摘Though the Bǎcklund transformation on time-like surfaces with constant mean curvature surfaces in R^2,1 has been obtained, it is not easy to obtain corresponding surfaces because the procedure of solving the related integrable system cannot be avoided when the Bǎcklund transformation is used, For sake of this, in this article, some special work is done to reform the Bǎcklund transformation to a recursion formula, by which we can construct time-like surfaces with constant mean curvature form known ones just by quadrature procedure.
文摘The new enamels with high H 3BO 3 (NH 4) 2 HPO 4 AlPO 4 content were studied, and the melting temperature of the enamels was adjusted by adding carbonate of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal. The enamels could spread slightly in the molten Al alloy observed by SEM and experiment. The components of the enamels were not detected with electron probe (EDAX S 520) on the interface of Al alloy, but elemental Si of aluminum alloy was found in the silica free enamels. Moreover, the components of the boron free enamels were detected on the interface of Al alloy. The results show that the enamels with high B 2O 3 P 2O 5 AlPO 4 content are resistant to the corrosion of molten Al.
文摘Polynomial splines have played an important role in image processing, medical imaging and wavelet theory. Exponential splines which are of more general concept have been recently investigated.We focus on cardinal exponential splines and develop a method to implement the exponential B-splines which form a Riesz basis of the space of cardinal exponential splines with finite energy.
文摘Based on the documentation of the invited paper and the subsequent discussion at a virtual conference,discoveries are indicated,which are summarized in the following paper for further evaluation on the topic of non-thermal forces using terms of extremely powerful components of Maxwell’s stress tensor at the interaction of CPA(chirped pulse amplification)laser pulses in the fusion plasmas of hydrogen with the isotope 11 of boron.This is caused by a recoil mechanism given by the Fresnel formulas of the suppression of the reflectivity of inhomogeneous plasma given by optical constants of the plasma properties.
文摘目的:研究平喘Ⅰ号在支气管哮喘小鼠气道炎症和气道重塑中的作用。方法:BALB/C雄性小鼠180只,随机分为正常对照组、模型对照组、地塞米松组、平喘Ⅰ号低、中、高剂量组6组,每组30只,每组包括2周、4周、6周组。通过呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)致敏和激发复制哮喘模型。除正常对照组及模型对照组用等量生理盐水外,其余各治疗组用相应药物给予干预。观察小鼠激发时的症状。通过图像分析软件测定支气管壁厚度(Wat)和平滑肌厚度(Wam),采用实时定量-聚合酶链反应(Real time PCR)测定小鼠肺组织中血小板衍生生长因子(PDGF-B mRNA)的含量,采用免疫印迹法(Western blotting)测定肺组织中细胞外信号调节激酶(extracellular regulated protein kinases,ERK1)的表达水平,直线相关分析法显示PDGF-BmRNA与ERK1的相关性。结果:与正常对照组相比较,各哮喘模型组中Wat和Wam,PDGF-BmRNA含量和ERK1水平均明显增高(P均<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,平喘I号各剂量组和地塞米松组中Wat和Wam,PDGF-BmRNA含量和ERK1水平均明显降低(P<0.01或P<0.05),其中地塞米松各组水平均高于平喘I号低剂量和中剂量组(P<0.05或P<0.01),与高剂量各组相比,地塞米松2周组水平较低(P<0.05),而4周和6周组则增高(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论:PDGF-B与支气管哮喘气道重塑的程度相关,并与ERK信号传导途径在支气管哮喘气道重塑中起重要作用。平喘Ⅰ号可以降低PDGF-BmRNA的含量和ERK1水平,延缓哮喘小鼠的气道重塑,缓解其症状。
