Inhibitory effect of Cyrtomium falcatum on melanogenesis in α-MSH-stimulated B16F10 murine melanoma cells

Objective:To explore the anti-melanogenic potential of Cyrtomium falcatum.Methods:The effects of Cyrtomium falcatum crude extract and its solvent fractions on tyrosinase activity,melanin content,and the expressions of melanogenesis-related genes and proteins were analyzed inα-melanocyte-stimulating hormone(α-MSH)-stimulated B16F10 cells.Results:α-MSH treatment significantly increased tyrosinase activity,and extracellular and intracellular melanin content,as well as the expression levels of tyrosinase,microphthalmia-associated transcription factor(MITF),tyrosinase-related protein(TRP)-1,and TRP-2 in B16F10 cells.Treatment with Cyrtomium falcatum crude extract and its solvent fractions reduced tyrosinase activity and extracellular and intracellular melanin content and downregulated the expression levels of tyrosinase,MITF,TRP-1,and TRP-2 in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusions:Cyrtomium falcatum has potential anti-melanogenesis effects and can be used as a potential source material in cosmeceutical industry for the research and development of novel lead molecules with whitening properties.

Synthesis of poly(amidoamine)-poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(amidoamine) and preparation of its hydrogel solution containing doxorubicin

Many pH-and temperature-responsive polymers have been designed for preparing hydrogel.In the present study,in order to decrease the pH sensitivity of reported poly(amidoamine)-poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(amidoamine)(PAA1580-PEG4600-PAA1580),we designed and synthesized poly(amidoamine)-poly(ethyleneglycol)-poly(amidoamine)(PAA-PEG-PAA)with shorter length of PAA chain by decreasing reaction temperature for preparing PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel solution containing doxorubicin(DOX).The PAA-PEG-PAA was synthesized via the Michael-addition polymerization.The characteristic of PAA-PEG-PAA was evaluated.The PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel solution was prepared and investigated.DOX-loaded PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel solution was prepared,and its in vitro DOX release and in vitro anti-tumor activity were evaluated.Our results indicated that the viscosity of PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel solution was concentration-and temperature-dependent.The sol-gel transition temperature of PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel solution(12%,w/w)ranged from 35 to 29℃,and its pH ranged from 6.0 to 7.4.The released DOX from DOX-loaded PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel showed sustained release characteristics.The in vitro anti-tumor activity of DOX-loaded PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel was confirmed in B16 F10 cell line.Considering the acidic tumor microenvironment,this DOX-loaded PAA-PEG-PAA hydrogel solution would be easy in situ administration for intra-tumor injection or para-tumor injection forming hydrogel at body temperature.We suggested that this DOX-loaded PAA-PEG-PAAhydrogel solution,if containing photothermal conversion agents,would have a potential further use for photothermal therapy.