The mechanism and regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-[methyl]-C-[5-nitro-2-furyl] nitrilimine with dimethyl 7-oxabicyclo[2,2,1]hepta-2,5-diene-2,3-dicarboxylate were investigated using activation energ...The mechanism and regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-[methyl]-C-[5-nitro-2-furyl] nitrilimine with dimethyl 7-oxabicyclo[2,2,1]hepta-2,5-diene-2,3-dicarboxylate were investigated using activation energy calculations and density functional theory-based reactivity indexes. The reaction proceeds by an asynchronous concerted mechanism. The calculations are performed at the B3LYP/6-31G（d） level of theory and the obtained results are in agreement with experimental outcome.展开更多
The density functional theory based hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the halogen ions with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homodetic cyclotetraalapeptide and...The density functional theory based hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the halogen ions with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homodetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including combination energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was scarcely any change in the coronary structure of C4-Ala after combination with X. The electrons moved from halogen ions to C4-Ala during the combining process. Combination of C4-Ala with F was obviously stronger than that of Cl^- and Br. When the energy of C4-Ala-X was at minimum, the distances between halogen ions and the center of C4-Ala were 0.084 nm, 0.210 nm and 0.200 nm, respectively.展开更多
The interacting patterns of the luteolin and guanine have been investigated by using the density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-31＋G＊ basis set. Eighteen stable structures for the luteolin-guanine complexes h...The interacting patterns of the luteolin and guanine have been investigated by using the density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-31＋G＊ basis set. Eighteen stable structures for the luteolin-guanine complexes have been found respectively. The results indicate that the complexes are mainly stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interactions. Meanwhile, both the number and strength of hydrogen bond play important roles in determining the stability of the complexes which can form two or more hydrogen bonds. Theories of atoms in molecules and natural bond orbital have also been utilized to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all the systems. The interaction energies of all the complexes which were corrected by basis set superposition error are 6.04-56.94 kJ/mol. The calculation results indicate that there are strong hydrogen bonding interactions in the luteolin-guanine complexes. We compared the interaction between luteolin and four bases of DNA, and found luteolin-thymine was the strongest and luteolin-adenine was the weakest. The interaction between luteolin and DNA bases are all stronger than luteolin-water.展开更多
The density functional theory based on hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of hom...The density functional theory based on hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homothetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including binding energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was little change on the coronary structure before and after C4-AIa combination with small I A or ｜I A cations, and the electrons moved from C4-AIa to alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations during this process. Combination with C4-Ala, Be2~ was more predominant than Mg2~ and Ca2~ remarkably, but Li~ was not more predominant than Na＋ and K＋. The distances between alkaline-earth cations and the center of C4-Ala were 0.000 nm, 0.150 nm and 0.225 nm, respectively, when the binding energy at minimum, and that for alkali cations were 0.225 nm, 0.250 nm and 0.300 nm.展开更多
A variety of heteroleptic ruthenium sensitizers have been engineered and synthesized because of their higher light-harvesting efficiency and lower charge-recombination possibility than the well known homoleptic N3 dye...A variety of heteroleptic ruthenium sensitizers have been engineered and synthesized because of their higher light-harvesting efficiency and lower charge-recombination possibility than the well known homoleptic N3 dye. As such, a great deal of atten- tion has been focused on sensitizers with the general formula Ru（ancillary-ligand）（anchoring-ligand）（NCS）2, among which important examples are Ru（4,4＇-bis（5-hexylthiophen-2-yl）-2,2＇-bipyridine）（4,4＇-carboxylic acid-4＇-2,2＇-bipyridine）（NCS）2 （C101） and Ru（N-（4-butoxyphenyl）-N-2-pyridinyl-2-pyridinamine）（4,4＇-carboxylic acid-4＇-2,2＇-bipyridine）（NCS）2 （J13）. In order to simulate experimental conditions with different pH values, the photosensitizing processes of these sensitizers pos- sessing different degrees of deprotonation （2I-I, lit to OH） have been explored theoretically in this work. Their ground/excited state geometries, electronic structures and spectroscopic properties are first calculated using density functional theory （DFT） and time-dependent DFT （TDDFT）. The absorption and emission spectra of all the complexes in acetonitrile solution are also predicted at the TDDFT （B3LYP） level. The calculated results show that the ancillary ligand contributes to the molecular or- bital （MO） energy levels and absorption transitions. It is intriguing to observe that the introduction of a thiophene group into the ancillary ligand leads directly to the increased energy of the absorption transitions in the 380-450 nm region. The calcula- tions reveal that although deprotonation destabilizes the overall frontier MOs of the chromophores, it tends to exert a greater influence on the unoccupied orbitals than on the occupied orbitals. Consequently, an obvious blue shift was observed for the absorptions and emissions in going from 21-1, 1H to OH. Finally, the optimal degree of deprotonation for C101 and J13 has al- so been evaluated, which is expected to lead to further improvements in the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSCs） coated with such sensitizers.展开更多
FT-IR and Raman spectra of 1-cyclopentylpiperazine(1cppp)have been experimentally examined in the region of 4000–200cm-1.The optimized geometric parameters,conformational equilibria,normal mode frequencies and corres...FT-IR and Raman spectra of 1-cyclopentylpiperazine(1cppp)have been experimentally examined in the region of 4000–200cm-1.The optimized geometric parameters,conformational equilibria,normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 1cppp(C9H18N2)are theoretically examined by means of B3LYP hybrid density functional theory(DFT)method together with 6-31++G(d,p)basis set.On the basis of potential energy distribution(PED)reliable vibrational assignments have been made and the thermodynamics functions,highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(HOMO and LUMO)of 1cppp have been predicted.Calculations are employed for four different conformations in C1 and Cs point groups of 1cppp in gas phase.Comparison between the experimental and theoretical results indicates that B3LYP method is able to provide satisfactory results for predicting vibrational frequencies and the structural parameters,vibrational frequencies and assignments.Furthermore,C1(equatorial-axial)point group has been found as the most stable conformer of 1cppp.展开更多
Mbius container molecules C64H8,C60N4H4,and C58N6H2 with topological one-sided characteristics were constructed at the first time by imitating natural trumpet shells.The structure is an open cage with an inner hexagon...Mbius container molecules C64H8,C60N4H4,and C58N6H2 with topological one-sided characteristics were constructed at the first time by imitating natural trumpet shells.The structure is an open cage with an inner hexagonal bridge.The bridge joints the outer and inner surfaces of the cage to form a new one-sided Mbius structure.The optimized structures of the three molecules in the singlet(the ground state),triplet and quintet states are obtained using the density functional theory(B3LYP).For the ground state structures of the three Mbius molecules,their oxidizabilities are weaker than that of the C60 and reducibilities are close to that of the stable C80 cage and slightly stronger than that of the C60.These may show that the unusual Mbius structures have some stability.Their potential properties were predicted,for example,the special aromaticity of the bridge ring due to the unique interaction between the bridge and the cage wall.These findings enlarge the knowledge of Mbius molecules. The idea of bionic and topological imitating in chemistry may promote the design of new complex-shaped nano-molecules and molecular devices.展开更多
The interacting patterns and mechanism of the catechin and cytosine have been investigated using the density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-31+G* basis set.Eleven stable structures of the catechin-cytosine comp...The interacting patterns and mechanism of the catechin and cytosine have been investigated using the density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-31+G* basis set.Eleven stable structures of the catechin-cytosine complexes have been found respectively.The results indicate that the complexes are mainly stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interactions.Theories of atoms in molecules(AIM) and natural bond orbital(NBO) have been utilized to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all the systems.The interaction energies of all the complexes which were corrected for basis set superposition error(BSSE),are from-17.35 to-43.27 kJ/mol.The results show that the hydrogen bonding contributes to the interaction energies dominantly.The corresponding bonds stretching motions in all the complexes are red-shifted relative to that of the monomer,which is in good agreement with experimental results.展开更多
文摘The mechanism and regioselectivity of 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of N-[methyl]-C-[5-nitro-2-furyl] nitrilimine with dimethyl 7-oxabicyclo[2,2,1]hepta-2,5-diene-2,3-dicarboxylate were investigated using activation energy calculations and density functional theory-based reactivity indexes. The reaction proceeds by an asynchronous concerted mechanism. The calculations are performed at the B3LYP/6-31G（d） level of theory and the obtained results are in agreement with experimental outcome.
文摘The density functional theory based hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the halogen ions with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homodetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including combination energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was scarcely any change in the coronary structure of C4-Ala after combination with X. The electrons moved from halogen ions to C4-Ala during the combining process. Combination of C4-Ala with F was obviously stronger than that of Cl^- and Br. When the energy of C4-Ala-X was at minimum, the distances between halogen ions and the center of C4-Ala were 0.084 nm, 0.210 nm and 0.200 nm, respectively.
文摘The interacting patterns of the luteolin and guanine have been investigated by using the density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-31＋G＊ basis set. Eighteen stable structures for the luteolin-guanine complexes have been found respectively. The results indicate that the complexes are mainly stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interactions. Meanwhile, both the number and strength of hydrogen bond play important roles in determining the stability of the complexes which can form two or more hydrogen bonds. Theories of atoms in molecules and natural bond orbital have also been utilized to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all the systems. The interaction energies of all the complexes which were corrected by basis set superposition error are 6.04-56.94 kJ/mol. The calculation results indicate that there are strong hydrogen bonding interactions in the luteolin-guanine complexes. We compared the interaction between luteolin and four bases of DNA, and found luteolin-thymine was the strongest and luteolin-adenine was the weakest. The interaction between luteolin and DNA bases are all stronger than luteolin-water.
文摘The density functional theory based on hybrid-method B3LYP was used to investigate the interaction of the alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations with crown tetraalanylpeptide which was the coronary structures of homothetic cyclotetraalapeptide and was represented as the model basic. Many properties including binding energy, optimum geometry structures and population analysis were calculated. It was shown that there was little change on the coronary structure before and after C4-AIa combination with small I A or ｜I A cations, and the electrons moved from C4-AIa to alkaline-earth cations or alkali cations during this process. Combination with C4-Ala, Be2~ was more predominant than Mg2~ and Ca2~ remarkably, but Li~ was not more predominant than Na＋ and K＋. The distances between alkaline-earth cations and the center of C4-Ala were 0.000 nm, 0.150 nm and 0.225 nm, respectively, when the binding energy at minimum, and that for alkali cations were 0.225 nm, 0.250 nm and 0.300 nm.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20703015,20973076,and 21003057)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Heilongjiang Provincial University of China (1154-NCET-010)
文摘A variety of heteroleptic ruthenium sensitizers have been engineered and synthesized because of their higher light-harvesting efficiency and lower charge-recombination possibility than the well known homoleptic N3 dye. As such, a great deal of atten- tion has been focused on sensitizers with the general formula Ru（ancillary-ligand）（anchoring-ligand）（NCS）2, among which important examples are Ru（4,4＇-bis（5-hexylthiophen-2-yl）-2,2＇-bipyridine）（4,4＇-carboxylic acid-4＇-2,2＇-bipyridine）（NCS）2 （C101） and Ru（N-（4-butoxyphenyl）-N-2-pyridinyl-2-pyridinamine）（4,4＇-carboxylic acid-4＇-2,2＇-bipyridine）（NCS）2 （J13）. In order to simulate experimental conditions with different pH values, the photosensitizing processes of these sensitizers pos- sessing different degrees of deprotonation （2I-I, lit to OH） have been explored theoretically in this work. Their ground/excited state geometries, electronic structures and spectroscopic properties are first calculated using density functional theory （DFT） and time-dependent DFT （TDDFT）. The absorption and emission spectra of all the complexes in acetonitrile solution are also predicted at the TDDFT （B3LYP） level. The calculated results show that the ancillary ligand contributes to the molecular or- bital （MO） energy levels and absorption transitions. It is intriguing to observe that the introduction of a thiophene group into the ancillary ligand leads directly to the increased energy of the absorption transitions in the 380-450 nm region. The calcula- tions reveal that although deprotonation destabilizes the overall frontier MOs of the chromophores, it tends to exert a greater influence on the unoccupied orbitals than on the occupied orbitals. Consequently, an obvious blue shift was observed for the absorptions and emissions in going from 21-1, 1H to OH. Finally, the optimal degree of deprotonation for C101 and J13 has al- so been evaluated, which is expected to lead to further improvements in the performance of dye-sensitized solar cells （DSSCs） coated with such sensitizers.
文摘FT-IR and Raman spectra of 1-cyclopentylpiperazine(1cppp)have been experimentally examined in the region of 4000–200cm-1.The optimized geometric parameters,conformational equilibria,normal mode frequencies and corresponding vibrational assignments of 1cppp(C9H18N2)are theoretically examined by means of B3LYP hybrid density functional theory(DFT)method together with 6-31++G(d,p)basis set.On the basis of potential energy distribution(PED)reliable vibrational assignments have been made and the thermodynamics functions,highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(HOMO and LUMO)of 1cppp have been predicted.Calculations are employed for four different conformations in C1 and Cs point groups of 1cppp in gas phase.Comparison between the experimental and theoretical results indicates that B3LYP method is able to provide satisfactory results for predicting vibrational frequencies and the structural parameters,vibrational frequencies and assignments.Furthermore,C1(equatorial-axial)point group has been found as the most stable conformer of 1cppp.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20773046)
文摘Mbius container molecules C64H8,C60N4H4,and C58N6H2 with topological one-sided characteristics were constructed at the first time by imitating natural trumpet shells.The structure is an open cage with an inner hexagonal bridge.The bridge joints the outer and inner surfaces of the cage to form a new one-sided Mbius structure.The optimized structures of the three molecules in the singlet(the ground state),triplet and quintet states are obtained using the density functional theory(B3LYP).For the ground state structures of the three Mbius molecules,their oxidizabilities are weaker than that of the C60 and reducibilities are close to that of the stable C80 cage and slightly stronger than that of the C60.These may show that the unusual Mbius structures have some stability.Their potential properties were predicted,for example,the special aromaticity of the bridge ring due to the unique interaction between the bridge and the cage wall.These findings enlarge the knowledge of Mbius molecules. The idea of bionic and topological imitating in chemistry may promote the design of new complex-shaped nano-molecules and molecular devices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30870257)
文摘The interacting patterns and mechanism of the catechin and cytosine have been investigated using the density functional theory B3LYP method with 6-31+G* basis set.Eleven stable structures of the catechin-cytosine complexes have been found respectively.The results indicate that the complexes are mainly stabilized by the hydrogen bonding interactions.Theories of atoms in molecules(AIM) and natural bond orbital(NBO) have been utilized to investigate the hydrogen bonds involved in all the systems.The interaction energies of all the complexes which were corrected for basis set superposition error(BSSE),are from-17.35 to-43.27 kJ/mol.The results show that the hydrogen bonding contributes to the interaction energies dominantly.The corresponding bonds stretching motions in all the complexes are red-shifted relative to that of the monomer,which is in good agreement with experimental results.
