基于BERTopic的中药治疗眼科疾病的处方用药规律分析

目的分析中医药治疗眼科疾病的处方用药规律,探讨治疗眼科疾病的更多潜在配伍组合。方法收集眼科专家门诊的中医处方并整理筛选,采用Python 3.9.10中BERTopic算法对复发性虹膜睫状体炎的所有处方进行分析,得到药物关键词聚类组合;采用SPSS 25.0对中药处方数据进行层次聚类,比较两种方法的优劣和药物配伍组合的挖掘效果。结果采用BERTopic算法得到核心药物关键词组合累计2种,包括酒地龙、土茯苓、大青叶、葎草等;应用层次聚类得到的药物组合包括葎草、土茯苓、菝葜等。应用BERTopic技术的算法具有不易受噪声数据影响、提高聚类效率、增强对于处方文本语义理解等诸多优势。结论使用基于BERTopic技术的算法在寻找疾病潜在中药配伍中表现良好,潜力较大,能为眼科疾病的中药配伍组合提供更多参考方向。

Oil Palm Fiber Hybrid Composites: A Recent Review

Composite materials from oil palmfiber enhance sustainability by utilizing renewable resources,reducing depen-dence on non-renewable materials,and lessening environmental impact.Despite their mechanical and dimen-sional stability limitations,oil palmfiber-based polymer composites offer significant advantages,such as natural abundance,potential weight reduction,and cost-effectiveness due to local availability and renewability.The growing interest in oil palm hybrid composites,made from blending differentfibers,is due to their custo-mizable mechanical and physical properties.Hybridization is one of the most effective methods to reinforce and improve the performance of oil palm-derived composite materials.This review investigates the structural qualities of hybrid composites made from oil palmfibers,their suitability for diverse applications,and recent advancements in thefield.By focusing on the availability,properties,applications,challenges,and future direc-tions of oil palmfiber hybrid composites,this review highlights the potential of these materials to enhance mechanical and functional properties,thereby contributing to sustainable development and innovation in com-posite materials.

A Review on the Advancement of Renewable Natural Fiber Hybrid Composites: Prospects, Challenges, and Industrial Applications

Naturalfibre(NFR)reinforced functional polymer composites are quickly becoming an indispensable sustainable material in the transportation industry because of their lightweight,lower cost in manufacture,and adaptability to a wide variety of goods.However,the major difficulties of using thesefibres are their existing poor dimensional stability and the extreme hydrophilicity.In assessing the mechanical properties(MP)of composites,the interfacial bonding(IB)happening between the NFR and the polymer matrix(PM)plays an incredibly significant role.When compared to NFR/syntheticfibre hybrid composites,hybrid composites(HC)made up of two separate NFR are less prevalent;yet,these hybrid composites also have the potential to be valuable materials in terms of environmental issues.A new dimension to theflexibility of composites reinforced with NFR is added by the cost-effective manufacture of hybrid composites utilising NFR.The purpose of this study is to offer an over-view of the keyfindings that were presented on hybrid composites.The emphasis was focused on the factors that influence the performance of the naturalfiber composites,diverse approaches to enhancing MP,physical,electri-cal,and thermal characteristics of the HC.HC study in polymer science gains interest for applications in con-struction and automotive industries.

Abaca Fiber as a Potential Reinforcer for Acoustic Absorption Material at Middle-High Frequencies

Recently,abacafibers have become the focus of specialized research due to their intriguing characteristics,with their outstanding mechanical properties being a particularly notable.In the conducted study,the abacafibers underwent a preliminary treatment process involving an alkaline solution,which was composed of 0.5%sodium hydroxide(NaOH)and 50%acetic acid(CH3COOH).This process entailed immersing eachfiber in the solution for a period of one hour.This treatment led to a 52.36%reduction in lignin content compared to the levels before treatment,resulting in a dramatic decrease in the full width at half maximum(FWHM)in the XRD spectra from 1.13 to 0.13.This change indicates that thefibers became more crystalline following the treatment.The abacafibers were also characterized using BET(Brunauer Emmett Teller)measurements,which revealed that the aver-age pore length ranged from 33–49 nm and the surface area was between 13–28 m^(2)·g^(-1).The morphology of the abacafiber after alkali an hydrolisis treatment(AFAH)appeared rougher and more uniform.DMA measurements revealed a significant rise in the storage modulus of the singlefiber post-treatment,with dependencies on both frequency and temperature.AFAH exhibited an optimal absorption coefficient ofα=0.9 for frequencies above 2500 Hz.The combined effect of alkalization and hydrolyzation treatments,while resulting in an enhancement in the mechanical properties of thefibers,also reduced high-intensity noise produced by sources such as machin-ery,aircraft takeoffs and landings,etc.,across a broader working frequency range.

基于Stöber法的SiO_(2)核壳型纳米复合材料的可控制备及摩擦学性能研究

本文开发了一种超声辅助的Stöber法,可用于制备具有良好润滑性能的SiO_(2)核壳纳米复合材料。制备的SiO_(2)核壳型纳米复合材料含有SiO_(2)芯体和三种不同壳体:酚醛树脂(RF)、sp3主导的无机碳以及sp2主导石墨烯壳层。研究发现氨根离子能够改变表面电荷,在无表面活性剂参与的情况下实现SiO_(2)表面包覆RF。研究了RF在低温、中温、高温热解的三个关键阶段,考察了表面结合水/羟基等析出、羧基/酚类物质析出、烷基侧链等析出、石墨化进程的发展过程及Fe等催化剂的作用;探索了SiO_(2)@石墨烯作为润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能,发现相比PAO4,其摩擦系数可降低30.5%,磨损率可降低69.2%,展现出核壳型纳米复合材料的良好润滑作用。

A Modified Principal Component Analysis Method for Honeycomb Sandwich Panel Debonding Recognition Based on Distributed Optical Fiber Sensing Signals

The safety and integrity requirements of aerospace composite structures necessitate real-time health monitoring throughout their service life.To this end,distributed optical fiber sensors utilizing back Rayleigh scattering have been extensively deployed in structural health monitoring due to their advantages,such as lightweight and ease of embedding.However,identifying the precise location of damage from the optical fiber signals remains a critical challenge.In this paper,a novel approach which namely Modified Sliding Window Principal Component Analysis(MSWPCA)was proposed to facilitate automatic damage identification and localization via distributed optical fiber sensors.The proposed method is able to extract signal characteristics interfered by measurement noise to improve the accuracy of damage detection.Specifically,we applied the MSWPCA method to monitor and analyze the debonding propagation process in honeycomb sandwich panel structures.Our findings demonstrate that the training model exhibits high precision in detecting the location and size of honeycomb debonding,thereby facilitating reliable and efficient online assessment of the structural health state.

“Stöber”模板法制备Ag@C纳米粒子及其催化性能

采用“Stöber”模板法合成了核-壳-壳结构的Ag@SiO_(2)@RF复合纳米粒子,经过碳化、刻蚀得到了“Rattle型”结构的Ag@C纳米粒子。采用透射电镜(TEM)、扫描电镜(SEM)、拉曼光谱(RS)、N2吸附及X线粉末衍射(XRD)表征检测,对其形貌、结构进行表征。结果表明:制备的Ag@C纳米粒子具有完整的球形结构、较大的空腔和可移动的纳米银内核,壳层上有介孔,平均孔径为7.8 nm,比表面积为866 m2/g。以2 mg Ag@C为催化剂,室温下用过量的KBH4还原1 mmol/L对硝基苯酚,测试Ag@C纳米粒子的催化性能。结果表明:反应3 min,其转化率为98%,催化剂使用6次活性没有明显下降。

利用煤焦油中酚类物质Stöber法制备碳纳米球用于CO_(2)吸附

煤焦油的排放和直接利用会造成严重的环境污染,开发高附加值材料的绿色合成方法及应用是煤焦油利用的关键。本文采用Stöber法以间苯二酚和中低温煤焦油为碳源与甲醛聚合制备了多孔碳纳米球CO_(2)吸附剂,通过扫描电子显微镜、N2吸附-脱附测试、傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱、X射线衍射等手段对样品进行测试和分析。考察了预聚温度、水热温度和煤焦油添加量对碳纳米球的孔结构和CO_(2)吸附性能的影响。预聚温度为60℃、水热温度为200℃时,产物具有最优异的比表面积和CO_(2)吸附性能。C_(1)-R_(1)-RT-200吸附剂的比表面积达到787m^(2)/g,CO_(2)最大吸附量为4.64mmol/g。当煤焦油占总投料质量的50%~76%时,产物的CO_(2)吸附性能较好,优于纯的间苯二酚模型化合物。所制备的多孔碳纳米球的CO_(2)吸附等温线可以很好地吻合Langmuir等温线模型,说明多孔碳纳米球对CO_(2)的吸附为单分子层吸附。

BER Performance Analysis of OTFS Systems with Power Allocation

Orthogonal time frequency space(OTFS),as a novel 2-D modulation technique,has been proposed to achieve better BER performances over delayDoppler channels.In this paper,we propose two different power allocation(PA)algorithms in OTFS systems with zero forcing(ZF)or minimum mean square error(MMSE)equalization,where general formulas with PA are derived in advance under the condition of minimum BER(MBER)criterion.On one hand,a suboptimal MBER power allocation method is put forward to achieve better BER performances,and then analytical BER expressions are derived with proposed PA strategy.Considering the case of MMSE equalization,a combined subsymbol allocation(SA)and PA strategy is raised,where some subsymbols may be abandoned due to worse channel conditions,and then it is proven effectively to improve BER performances through theoretical and simulation results.Furthermore,BER performances with proposed joint SA and PA strategy are also investigated in delay-Doppler channels,where an improved message passing(MP)receiver based on equivalent channel matrix with PA is given.

The case-dependent lignin role in lignocellulose nanofibers preparation and functional application-A review

Lignocellulose nanofibers(LCNFs) as a new material is attracting extensive attention. The pretreatment and mechanical fibrillation are the two main stages involved in the preparation of LCNFs, and lignin plays the important role of these two stages. This review discussed the interaction between lignin and chemicals in the pretreatment stage, and discovered the general law of the effect of lignin in the mechanical fibrillation stage.Lignin exhibits both promotion and inhibition effects on mechanical fibrillation, and the mutual competition between the two effects ultimately affects the energy consumption, morphology and yield of LCNFs. Furthermore, the recent research progress related to the contributions of lignin on the functional application of LCNFs was summarized, aiming to provide profound guidance for the preparation and application of LCNFs.

Durability Testing of Composite Aerospace Materials Based on a New Polymer Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Epoxy Resin

In this study,the durability of a new polymer carbonfiber-reinforced epoxy resin used to produce composite material in the aerospacefield is investigated through analysis of the corrosion phenomena occurring at the microscopic scale,and the related infrared spectra and thermal properties.It is found that light and heat can con-tribute to the aging process.In particular,the longitudinal tensile strength displays a non-monotonic trend,i.e.,itfirst increases and then decreases over time.By contrast,the longitudinal compressive and inter-laminar shear strengths do not show significant changes.It is also shown that the inter-laminar shear strength of carbonfiber/epoxy resin composites with inter-laminar hybrid structure is better than that of pure carbonfiber materials.The related resistance to corrosion can be improved by more than 41%.

The Microparticles SiOx Loaded on PAN-C Nanofiber as Three-Dimensional Anode Material for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

Three-dimensional C/SiOx nanofiber anode was prepared by polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS)and polyacrylonitrile(PAN)as precursors via electrospinning and freeze-drying successfully.In contrast to conventional carbon cover-ing Si-based anode materials,the C/SiOx structure is made up of PAN-C,a 3D carbon substance,and SiOx load-ing steadily on PAN-C.The PAN carbon nanofibers and loaded SiOx from pyrolyzed PDMS give increased conductivity and a stable complex structure.When employed as lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)anode materials,C/SiOx-1%composites were discovered to have an extremely high lithium storage capacity and good cycle per-formance.At a current density of 100 mA/g,its reversible capacity remained at 761 mA/h after 50 charge-dis-charge cycles and at 670 mA/h after 200 cycles.The C/SiOx-1%composite aerogel is a particularly intriguing anode candidate for high-performance LIBs due to these appealing qualities.

Effects of Filler-Asphalt Ratio on the Properties of Lignin and Polyester Fiber Reinforced SMPU/SBS Modified Asphalt Mortar

To understand the effects offiller-asphalt ratio on different properties of lignin and polyesterfiber reinforced shape memory polyurethane(SMPU)/styrene butadiene styrene(SBS)composite modified asphalt mortar(PSAM),as well as to reveal the reinforcing and toughening mechanisms of lignin and polyesterfibers on PSAM,SMPU,SBS and mineral powder werefirst utilized to prepare PSAM.Then the conventional,rheological and anti-cracking properties of ligninfiber reinforced PSAM(LFAM)and polyesterfiber reinforced PSAM(PFAM)at dif-ferentfiller-asphalt ratios were characterized.Test results indicate that the shear strength,deformation resistance and viscosity are increased after adding 0.8wt%ligninfiber or polyesterfiber and increasing thefiller-asphalt ratio from 0.8 to 1.2.The optimalfiller-asphalt ratio of 1.0 is proposed after comprehensive performance assessments of PSAM.Polyesterfiber shows a better reinforcing effect than ligninfiber,but its improvement in the thermal stability of PSAM is not significant at high temperatures.Additionally,the complex modulus,storage modulus,loss modulus and rutting resistance factor of PSAM are improved after adding ligninfiber and polyesterfiber,as well as show an increasing trend as thefiller-asphalt ratio is raised,but the phase angle is gradually decreased.Further,the increase of elastic components in PSAM effectively enhances the anti-deformation ability of PSAM at high temperatures,and polyesterfiber more obviously improves the high-temperature deformation resistance of PSAM than ligninfiber.Finally,the anti-cracking performance of PFAM and LFAM at low temperatures is reduced by 74.2%and 46.7%,respectively,as thefiller-asphalt ratio is raised from 0.8 to 1.2.The low-temperature anti-cracking performance of LFAM is lower than that of PFAM at the samefiller-asphalt ratio,even lower than that of PSA.Compared with ligninfiber,the anti-cracking performance and deformation resistance of PSAM at low temperature is more greatly enhanced by polyester fiber.

Study on Mechanical Properties of High Fine Silty Basalt Fiber Shotcrete Based on Orthogonal Design

In order to improve the comprehensive utilization rate of highfines sand(HFS)produced by the mine,full solid waste shotcrete(HFS-BFRS)was prepared with HFS asfine aggregate in cooperation with basaltfiber(BF).The strength growth characteristics of HFS-BFRS were analyzed.And thefitting equation of compressive strength growth characteristics of HFS-BFRS under the synergistic effect of multiple factors was given.And based on the orthogonal experimental method,the effects on the compressive strength,splitting tensile strength andflex-ural strength of HFS-BFRS under the action of different levels of influencing factors were investigated.The effect of three factors on the mechanical properties of HFS-BFRS,3,and 28 d,respectively,was revealed by choosing the colloidal sand ratio(C/H),basaltfiber volume fraction(BF Vol)and naphthalene high-efficiency water reducing agent(FDN)as the design variables,combined with indoor tests and theoretical analysis.The results show that the sensitivity of the three factors on compressive strength andflexural strength is C/H>FDN>BF Vol,and split-ting tensile strength is BF Vol>FDN>C/H.Finally,thefitting ratio of HFS-BFRS was optimized by the factor index method,and the rationality was verified by thefield test.For thefluidity of HFS-BFRS,the slump can be improved by 139%under the action of 1.2%FDN,which guarantees the pump-ability of HFS-BFRS.

Characterization of Unsaturated Polyester Filled with Waste Coconut Shells, Walnut Shells, and Carbon Fibers

This study aims to evaluate the erosion behavior and the hardness of hybrid composites made of varying amounts of coconut shells,walnut shells,and carbonfibers dispersed in a polyester matrix.MINITAB(L16)Taguchi experiments were used to determine the optimal combination of parameters.In particular,an erosion device con-sisting of a motor with a constantflow rate of 45 L/min,a pump with a diameter of 40 mm,a nozzle with a dia-meter of 5 mm,and a tank made of“perspex glass”55 cm long,30 cm tall,and 25 cm wide was used.The tests were conducted by varying the sample-to-nozzle distance,the pattern angle,and the sand particle size.The results have revealed that the presence of 7.5%by weight of waste coconut shell,for conditions corresponding to 90°angle,sand size 425μm,stand distance 30 cm,gives the best wear resistance(3.04×10^(-5) g/g).Thefiller content and sand particle size affect the erosive rate,with the angle playing a secondary role.The distance between the sample and the nozzle has a weaker effect on erosive wear.The hardness results show that the models(UP-5%carbonfiber-2.5-3.5-4.5-5.5-6.5-7.5 wt.%waste coconut shell)give the best values for prayer compared to the samples(UP-5 wt.%carbonfiber-2.5-3.5-4.5-5.5-6.5-7.5 wt.%waste walnut shell).

O-OFDM索引调制的分步优化信号映射方法

【目的】采用随机映射以及传统星座图会导致已有光正交频分复用(O-OFDM)-索引调制(IM)系统的误码率(BER)性能无法达到最优,因此,文章基于激活子载波的最优选择以及星座图的最优旋转提出了一种分步优化信号映射方法,旨在通过分步优化信号映射方法实现O-OFDM-IM系统BER性能的改善。【方法】在发射端,首先依据信道状态信息,采用信道范数最大化准则选择最优激活子载波组合;其次,利用信道状态信息,以∂=0.5°为步长,采用穷举搜索算法得到最优星座图;之后,将通过旋转获得的最优星座图加载到激活的子载波上进行信号传输;最后在接收端利用最大似然(ML)检测算法对原始信号进行恢复来实现最小的系统错误概率。【结果】仿真表明,在强湍流、BER=10-4和调制阶数为16的条件下,采用文章所提方法后,(4,2)O-OFDM-IM系统的信噪比(SNR)降低了约1.45 dB。此外,随着湍流强度的增大,BER性能的改善更明显。如,8正交幅度(QAM)、BER=10-4时,(4,2)O-OFDM-IM系统的SNR在强湍流下降低了约1.35 dB,在弱湍流下则降低了1.2 dB。【结论】由仿真结果可知,在已知信道状态信息的前提下,文章所提方法可有效改善湍流信道下系统的BER性能。

基于三维生物膜电极的难生化有机化工废水处理研究进展

近年来,难降解有机化工污染物在自然水体中被广泛检出,对水生态环境和人体健康构成了严重威胁。生物膜电极技术因具备环境友好、去除效率高、适用范围广等优点,在难降解污染物处理领域应用前景日渐广阔。对此,介绍了三维生物膜电极(3D-BERs)反应器构建方法,阐述了三维生物膜电极对有机污染物的降解机理,分析了电化学催化氧化与电活性微生物(EAMs)的协同降解作用,从电子迁移强化角度解析了污染物强化降解机制,并概述了3D-BERs的构建方法与运行参数对反应器效率的影响。本文系统综述了3D-BERs在难生化有机化工废水处理领域中的应用与优势,提出了三维生物膜电极技术的发展前景和今后研究工作的重点方向,为难生化有机化工废水的高效处理提供新思路与技术选择。

Neural-Polar码:一种基于深度学习的新型信道编码方案

为应对新型移动通信系统智能性的需求以及在难以进行人工建模的复杂信道环境下进行可靠通信的问题,基于Polar码的编译码递归结构提出一种新型神经网络信道编码方案,即Neural-Polar码。该方案利用神经网络将Polar码编译码递归结构中父、子节点间的线性映射变成非线性映射,引入快速连续抵消(successive cancellation, SC)译码的思想,解决在完全二叉树上构建Neural-Polar码造成网络结构过大的问题。仿真实验表明,Neural-Polar码可以获得优于经典SC译码算法的误码率(bit error rate, BER)和误块率(block error rate, BLER)性能,对网络的联合训练使得Neural-Polar码能够自动学习信道特性,具有更好的信道适应性和鲁棒性。Neural-Polar码将传统的对复杂信道进行人工建模分析的难题交给机器,充分体现出其编译码的智能性。

抽象形式语法对象封装与BER编码实现

抽象形式语法 (ASN.1)标注的网络协议数据单元可读性好 ,但是用传统的过程调用方法实现这些协议单元的编解码将是一件复杂而繁重的工作 ,因此 ,本文使用面向对象的思想对抽象形式语法的基本数据类型进行封装以达到如下简化目的 :“在对抽象形式语法标注的协议数据单元不作改动或稍作改动的情况下 ,直接利用原有的协议数据单元定义完成这些协议数据单元的编解码工作 .”本文描述的对象封装形式不仅仅适合 X.6 90 BER编码 ,而且也适合 X.6 91BER编码 .

基于复合索引的MM-OFDM-SFCIM系统设计与检测算法

空间调制(Spatial Modulation, SM)技术和OFDM多模子载波索引调制(OFDMMulti-Mode Index Modulation, MM-OFDM-IM)技术分别在能量效率(Energy Efficiency,EE)和频谱效率(Spectral Efficiency,SE)上有着很大的优势。多维度索引调制技术相结合能够应用多种物理资源,应对无线通信系统对数据传输和系统容量的高需求,由此将SM与MMOFDM-IM系统灵活结合,构建基于空频结合的多模复合索引调制(OFDM-Multiple-Mode Space Frequency Composite Index Modulation,MM-OFDM-SFCIM)系统,保留传统子载波索引调制技术中的静默子载波,拓展新的复合系数维度,提高系统的SE和EE。针对系统的复杂特性,提出了基于符号能量及对数似然的联合检测算法(REML based on symbolic Energy and LLR,EL-REML)。仿真结果表明,MM-OFDM-SFCIM系统比传统的空频结合系统在SE上提高了约30%,并且MM-DFDM-SPCIM系统中提出的EL-REML算法比LLR算法在误码率上提高了3~4 dB,相比传统的ML算法,其计算复杂度更低。