A Building Information Modeling-Life Cycle Cost Analysis Integrated Model to Enhance Decisions Related to the Selection of Construction Methods at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) provides a systematic approach to assess the total cost associated with owning, operating, and maintaining assets throughout their entire life. BIM empowers architects and designers to perform real-time evaluations to explore various design options. However, when integrated with LCCA, BIM provides a comprehensive economic perspective that helps stakeholders understand the long-term financial implications of design decisions. This study presents a methodology for developing a model that seamlessly integrates BIM and LCCA during the conceptual design stage of buildings. This integration allows for a comprehensive evaluation and analysis of the design process, ensuring that the development aligns with the principles of low carbon emissions by employing modular construction, 3D concrete printing methods, and different building design alternatives. The model considers the initial construction costs in addition to all the long-term operational, maintenance, and salvage values. It combines various tools and data through different modules, including energy analysis, Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), and Life Cycle Cost Analysis (LCCA) to execute a comprehensive assessment of the financial implications of a specific design option throughout the lifecycle of building projects. The development of the said model and its implementation involves the creation of a new plug-in for the BIM tool (i.e., Autodesk Revit) to enhance its functionalities and capabilities in forecasting the life-cycle costs of buildings in addition to generating associated cash flows, creating scenarios, and sensitivity analyses in an automatic manner. This model empowers designers to evaluate and justify their initial investments while designing and selecting potential construction methods for buildings, and enabling stakeholders to make informed decisions by assessing different design alternatives based on long-term financial considerations during the early stages of design.

Whole-Process Project Cost Management Based on Building Information Modeling (BIM)

The whole-process project cost management based on building information modeling(BIM)is a new management method,aiming to realize the comprehensive optimization and improvement of project cost management through the application of BIM technology.This paper summarizes and analyzes the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,aiming to explore its application and development prospects in the construction industry.Firstly,this paper introduces the role and advantages of BIM technology in engineering cost management,including information integration,data sharing,and collaborative work.Secondly,the paper analyzes the key technologies and methods of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM,including model construction,data management,and cost control.In addition,the paper also discusses the challenges and limitations of the whole-process BIM project cost management,such as the inconsistency of technical standards,personnel training,and consciousness change.Finally,the paper summarizes the advantages and development prospects of the whole-process project cost management based on BIM and puts forward the direction and suggestions for future research.Through the research of this paper,it can provide a reference for construction cost management and promote innovation and development in the construction industry.

FROM DESIGN TO PRE-CERTIFICATION USING BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING

Designs which address sustainability requirements are becoming increasingly desirable,as the objectives of sustainable design reduce resource depletion of energy,water,and raw materials;prevent environmental degradation caused throughout their lifecycle;provide safe,comfortable and healthy living environments.Currently,sustainability in the building domain is judged against standards codified in rating systems.That is,design choices are validated,by measuring design performance against criteria specified by the rating system.Advances in building technologies,design and evaluation tools,and government policies together with tools to benchmark sustainability have created the momentum which fuels an increasing trend towards sustainable building design.However,certification is expensive.It is labor intensive,involving large volumes of data aggregation and information accounting,which,despite the best of intentions,often become a deterrent to designers and the design process.Compliance with a sustainability rating system is not mandatory;increasingly,it is becoming a goal that many designers and authorities would like to achieve.In turn,this demands a cost lowering improvement to the certification process.Since designers mainly tend to employ commercial design tools,it becomes imperative to create a general approach that utilizes information already available in digital form and combine it with rating system information requirements.The challenge lies in identifying informational requirements from rating systems,representing them in computable forms,mapping them to information available from a commercial design tool and evaluating the performance of the design.In this paper we present an overall framework for organizing,managing,and representing sustainability information requirements;to demonstrate an approach to integrating sustainability evaluations in a design environment.We employ a commercially available building information modeler and a sustainable building rating system to develop a process that bridges sustainability assessment requirements with information from the model for pre-evaluation prior to submission for certification.This will enable designers,owners,contractors and other professionals to communicate strategies and make informed decisions to achieve sustainability goals for a project.

Integrating Universal Design Standards and Building Information Modeling at the Conceptual Design Stage of Buildings

A projection of the Canadian population shows that in 2024 one in five Canadians will be over 65 years old. This shift forces designers to consider the entire lifetime of occupants during the design of new buildings. Universal Design (UD), which is a design that accommodates all people to the greatest extent possible and aging in place design that is deeply rooted in the principles of UD, aim to house people irrespective of their age, ability, and chronic health conditions. Building Information Modeling (BIM) significantly helps advance the development of the Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry in a more collaborative and automated way. Integrating BIM and UD allows designers to incorporate UD standards easily and efficiently at the conceptual design stage of buildings by using the functionalities and capabilities of BIM tools. Therefore, this study presents the development of an automated computer model to facilitate the adoption of UD standards and processes. The novelty highlighted in this model resides in the creation of an automated method that employs a newly created plug-in and databases to assist designers to incorporate UD standards at the conceptual stage in a timely and cost-effective manner. Furthermore, the study introduces the methodology consisting of collecting, categorizing, and storing data from various universal design and accessible design guidelines in the developed databases and developing new plug-ins in BIM tool to link the developed databases in order to automate the process of retrieving necessary information and components to help designers and owners select optimal design alternatives based on their predefined criteria.

Building Information Modeling for Environmental Impact Assessment in Early Design Phases: A Literature Review

The building sector is the largest consumer of energy in industrial countries. Saving energy in new buildings or building renovations can thus lead to significant global environmental impacts. In this endeavor, building information modeling (BIM) and building energy modeling (BEM) are two important tools to make the transition to net-zero energy buildings (NZEB). So far, little attention has been devoted, in the literature, to discuss the connection between BIM, BEM, and Life-cycle assessment (LCA), which is the main topic of this article. A literature review of 157 journal articles and conference proceedings published between 1990 and 2020 is presented. This review outlines knowledge gaps concerning BIM, BEM, and environmental impact assessment. It suggests that defining the process with the right technology (at the right time) would result in a more integrated design process (IDP) and bridge current gaps. The most efficient way to improve process and technology is related to the competences of the architects, engineers and constructors (AEC). The review also indicates that the IDP in the early design phases (EDP) is in need of improvement for architects and engineers, where a better connection between design phases, specific levels of development (LOD) and BIM tools is needed. Competences, process and technology are the three main themes addressed in the review. Their relation to design phases and LOD is discussed. The aim is to propose possible solutions to the current hinders in BIM-to-BEM (BIM2BEM) and BIM-for-LCA (BIM4LCA) integration.

Analysis of Thermal Behavior of Materials in the Building Envelope Using Building Information Modeling (BIM)—A Case Study Approach

Building envelope is a fence that controls heat exchange between interior and exterior and plays an essential role in providing thermal comfort conditions of residents. In recent years, due to the necessity of conserving energy and also preventing increased environmental pollution, the importance of sustainable construction has been doubled. Checking the problems of thermal behavior of the building envelope materials, and what influences in the heating and cooling loads exerted and energy consumption of buildings, are the questions that this research seeks to answer. In this regard, building information modelling analysis (BIM) has worthy contribution in the completion process of sustainable design;thus using software Design Builder, it is paid attention to simulation of the thermal behavior of two types of defined materials for the building envelope that was designed as a Research Institute of Renewable Energy of Yazd University. For Type 1 materials, two layers of brick have been selected, and for Type 2 a thermal insulation layer also added it. Results of the analysis showed that the use of materials Type 2 in the cooling load %4.8 and in the thermal load %62.5 reduction can be achieved which means reducing the load on active system and thus reducing the initial cost of building. Also reduction in annual energy consumption by almost %2.4 for cooling and %62.9 for heating buildings have been achieved, which makes saving non-renewable energy consumption, and consequently reducing environmental pollution as well as reducing current costs will be established.

Influence of Building Information Modelling (BIM) on Engineering Contract Management in Nairobi, Kenya

Building Information Modelling (BIM) is a technology and a process that has brought changes in the construction’s traditional procurement system. Kenya lacks contractual guidelines on implementation of BIM;this makes the adoption of BIM slow and difficult. Previous research has identified a gap in contractual relationships, roles and resulting risks. The objectives of this study were to investigate BIM adoption in Nairobi and to investigate the influence of BIM on Engineering Contract Management (ECM) in Nairobi Kenya. The survey research was a descriptive study with 175 responsive questionnaires. Respondents comprised of Civil Engineers, Construction Project Managers, Architects, Quantity Surveyors, Contractors and Facility Managers. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaire and in-depth interview. Descriptive analytics, correlation and Exploratory factor analysis methods were used to analyse quantitative data. Qualitative data was analysed thematically. It emerged that adoption level was at 56.6% and shallow understanding of BIM capabilities remains to be a barrier to its adoption and implementation. It also emerged that BIM improves ECM;when time, cost, quality, collaboration and return on investment improve, ECM becomes easier. Latent factors found in BIM and ECM relationship were Legal Implications, awareness and knowledge, efficiency, versatility, mandate and leadership, and competitiveness. Further, the study found out that BIM influence on ECM demands for establishment of standards, guidelines, policy, legal framework, and regulations, which can be achieved by amending the public procurement act which dictates the operation of all the other standard forms of contract. Further research should be conducted to measure whether the understanding of BIM had positively improved.

VISUAL PROGRAMMING FOR BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING:ENERGY AND SHADING ANALYSIS CASE STUDIES

INTRODUCTION Although visual programming is being broadly implemented in other disciplines,it has only relatively recently become an important supplement to three-dimensional modeling programs in the architecture,engineering,and construction industry.Currently,Grasshopper in conjunction with Rhino is a leading example of a visual programming environment that is strongly supported by a user community that is developing additional functionality,but Grasshopper does not yet work directly with building information modeling(BIM)software.Dynamo is relatively new,but shows considerable promise in becoming a constructive tool to complement BIM,3D modeling,and analysis programs because it includes parametric geom-etries and works with Revit,a leading BIM software program.Three case studies are described:extensibility of Dynamo through the use of a building energy simu-lation package,controlling a virtual model’s response through light level sensors,and interactively updating shading components for a building facade based on solar angles.They demonstrate that one can work directly within building information models(BIM)using a visual programming language through updating component parameters.These case studies demonstrate the feasibility of a workflow for sustain-able design simulations that is different than that more commonly used--having a separation between design and analysis models and using a neutral file format exchange such as IFC or gbXML to transfer data.As visual programming languages are still a bit uncommon in the building industry,a short background is provided to place them within the tool set of other customizable tools that designers have been developing.

GREEN BUILDING AND BIODIVERSITY: FACILITATING BIRD FRIENDLY DESIGN WITH BUILDING INFORMATION MODELS

Green buildings should respect nature and endeavor to mitigate harmful effects to the environment and occupants.This is often interpreted as creating sustain-able sites,consuming less energy and water,reusing materials,and providing excel-lent indoor environmental quality.Environmentally friendly buildings should also consider literally the impact that they have on birds,millions of them.A major factor in bird collisions with buildings is the choice of building materials.These choices are usually made by the architect who may not be aware of the issue or may be looking for guidance from certification programs such as LEED.As a proof of concept for an educational tool,we developed a software-assisted approach to characterize whether a proposed building design would earn a point for the LEED Pilot Credit 55:Avoiding Bird Collisions.Using the visual programming language Dynamo with the common building information modeling software Revit,we automated the assessment of designs.The approach depends on parameters that incorporate assessments of bird threat for façade materials,analyzes building geom-etry relative to materials,and processes user input on building operation to produce the assessment.

Integrating Virtual Reality and Energy Analysis with BIM to Optimize Window-to-Wall Ratio and Building’s Orientation for Age-in-Place Design at the Conceptual Stage

This study unfolds an innovative approach aiming to address the critical role of building design in global energy consumption, focusing on optimizing the Window-to-Wall Ratio (WWR), since buildings account for approximately 30% of total energy consumed worldwide. The greatest contributors to energy expenditure in buildings are internal artificial lighting and heating and cooling systems. The WWR, determined by the proportion of the building’s glazed area to its wall area, is a significant factor influencing energy efficiency and minimizing energy load. This study introduces the development of a semi-automated computer model designed to offer a real-time, interactive simulation environment, fostering improving communication and engagement between designers and owners. The said model serves to optimize both the WWR and building orientation to align with occupants’ needs and expectations, subsequently reducing annual energy consumption and enhancing the overall building energy performance. The integrated model incorporates Building Information Modeling (BIM), Virtual Reality (VR), and Energy Analysis tools deployed at the conceptual design stage, allowing for the amalgamation of owners’ inputs in the design process and facilitating the creation of more realistic and effective design strategies.

The Contributions of Building Information Modelling to Sustainable Construction

Global concerns toward environmental issues have induced growing demand for new approaches in the construction because of its considerable impact on the environment and use of natural resources. Through using construction sustainability tools, methods and techniques, a greener design can be applied during various building phases. In this connection, it is argued that the analytical and integrated models applied by Building Information Modelling (BIM) may also facilitate this process to be performed more efficiently. BIM and construction sustainability are quite different initiatives, but both have received much attention in recent years in the architecture, engineering and construction (AEC) industry. A rigorous analysis of the interactions between them implies that a synergy exists which, if properly it is understood that can be helpful to reduce the environmental impacts of the AEC industry. A BIM-based design model can contribute to sustainability through its three main dimensions which are environmental, economic and social. In this paper, by reviewing the existing literature on BIM and construction sustainability and using a matrix to analyze construction sustainability dimensions and BIM functionalities a number of interactions have been discussed. It can be concluded that despite there are many improvements in implementation of BIM in environmental and economic aspects of sustainability, its potential impact on social dimension has not been explicitly explored hence further studies need to be undertaken in this area.

BIM-based construction technologies for precast foamed lightweight concrete wallboards

To promote the visualisation and informatisation of the construction process of precast foamed lightweight concrete wallboards(PFLCWs),from the analysis of the construction requirements of PFLCWs,three key construction technologies based on building information modelling(BIM),namely,parameterised modelling for the PFLCW layout design,drawing generation to draw the PFLCW layout and quantity statistics for extracting PFLCW quantities,are proposed.Then,a reinforced concrete(RC)frame infilled with PFLCW is considered the test model to verify the feasibility of the aforementioned technologies.The results show that PFLCW layout design can be accomplished rapidly and visually using parameterised modelling technology.The PFLCW layout diagram can be generated directly using drawing generation technology.The proposed quantity statistics technology enables the automatic export of PFLCW bills of quantities.The built parameterised model helps construction workers rapidly and intuitively understand the specific layout details of PFLCWs.Moreover,the generated layout drawing and the bills of quantities based on the parameterised model can guide the production and on-site installation of PFLCWs.The research conclusions can serve as a practical guide and technical support for PFLCW engineering applications.

基于钢结构BIM模型的结构分析数据转换和软件开发

为解决当前在钢结构建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)与结构分析模型之间进行数据转换时存在的关键技术问题,本文在分析工业基础类(industry foundation classes,IFC)标准表达方法的基础上,以ABAQUS为结构分析平台,开发了钢结构BIM模型数据转换算法,运用C#语言和Xbim工具包,实现了结构构件信息提取、构件空间位置调整和分析数据自动添加,并形成了相应的转换软件;通过钢框架结构实例分析验证了该软件的可靠性和准确性,并将其应用于安阳市游客集散中心的BIM模型转换和结构分析。结果表明,所开发的算法和软件解决了生成的结构分析模型节点不连接和人工添加分析数据工作量大等问题,实现了BIM中的钢结构设计模型或深化设计模型向ABAQUS结构分析模型数据的准确转换。与传统的在ABAQUS中直接建立结构分析模型相比,本文提出的方法能大大提高复杂钢结构的结构分析建模速度和效率。

Research on Construction of Bill of Quantities of Prefabricated Buildings Based on BIM

Building Information Model(BIM)Technology can be widely used in various construction fields.The construction quality and project cost of the prefabricated construction industry based on BIM can be effectively controlled.Based on BIM Technology,the integration of bill of quantities can effectively control the cost of prefabricated construction and improve competitiveness in the bidding process.Based on this,the characteristics and advantages of bill of quantities pricing based on BIM were expounded in this paper.Besides,the structure and content construction of bill of quantities were analyzed,followed by an analysis of pricing control strategy based on BIM were analyzed for assembly building quantities for reference.

Critical review of studies on building information modeling (BIM) in project management

Building information modeling(BIM) and project management are two major research topics that accommodate large volumes of research efforts. BIM has been interpreted as a process technology that aids in enhancing project management. Hence, the investigation from an interdisciplinary perspective of the two concepts may bring new insights to understanding related research.In this paper, a structural approach is adopted in reviewing BIM studies in project management from 2005 to 2017 within identified target journals. This review aims to classify the major research directions and topics for BIM research in project management. Moreover, given BIM's potential for application in project management, this paper attempts to establish a fundamental research foundation for a new paradigm of project management that incorporates BIM, namely, BIM-based project management. The preliminary result suggests that BIM research in project management develops drastically in the examined duration. The research directions of BIM studies in project management include enabling BIM as a technology in project management; BIM application as a solution for specific project management scopes; integration issues of BIM that have been brought to project management;institutional environment and regulatory governance of BIM in realizing project management strategies; and analysis of effects and strategies of BIM adoption and implementation in projects. The directions and trends are then analyzed to develop a research route for BIM studies in project management. Finally, conclusions focus on the relations of the research directions, as well as the contributions and theoretical implications of this review.Future research areas are also recommended.

BIM技术的创新发展与大场景应用

BIM技术的广泛应用推动了建筑业从“数字化”到“可视化”的转变,显著提高了设计与施工的效率和质量。然而,国外BIM软件存在水土不服、迭代困难、信息安全等问题。我国自主研发的C⁃BIMBase平台以BIM模型为核心,具备高效的大场景建模能力和自主可控的技术特点,为BIM核心软件提供了国产化替代方案,确保了重要工程的数字安全,促进建筑业数字化水平提升。通过建立国产化的IFC标准体系,实现国外软件的国产化替代,国产BIM软件在大场景应用中展现出显著优势。展望未来,应加快推进国产化BIM软件及平台替代,开发自主知识产权的仿真求解器,掌握关键核心技术自主权。通过在大场景工程中的广泛应用和迭代升级,我国BIM技术有望实现从跟跑到领跑的转变,为建筑行业数字化转型和高质量发展做出贡献。

基于BIM的公路工程标准化EBS分解方法

工程结构分解(EBS)是公路工程全寿命周期信息化管理的基础。为了提高公路工程建设期信息化水平,基于BIM技术应用,提出了公路工程标准化EBS分解方法。标准化分解方法根据工程中不同路段,梳理专业划分以及空间位置划分原则,并依据行业标准,确定标准化EBS结构的叶子节点,提供公路工程EBS结构树模板示例。研究结果旨在提高高速公路数字化交付中的数据处理标准建设,为实施公路工程数字化提供基础支持。

基于BIM技术的福州市连江县仁坂黄家祖厝建模研究

文章运用三维激光技术对福州市连江县仁坂黄家祖厝进行数据收集,对建筑要素进行系统性梳理,利用BIM技术的“族嵌套”方式构建“族”库以及可视化建筑信息模型。将BIM技术与福州古厝结合,为福州古厝保护研究工作提供了新的方式。仁坂黄家祖厝模型建立对福州其余古厝保护研究工作有着巨大的参考价值。

重型施工机械安拆吊装作业视觉可达性BIM仿真分析

为提高重型施工机械安拆吊装作业安全工效,改善安拆作业过程中人员的可视性,提出基于可视锥法的多主体视觉可达性建筑信息模型(BIM)仿真方法。首先,通过重型施工机械视觉任务分解,得到重型施工机械多主体视觉任务;其次,以wk-35型电铲安拆作业为研究对象,分析起重驾驶司机-信号工-司索工多主体视觉任务,运用计算机辅助三维交互应用(CATIA)人因仿真模块,构建安拆吊装作业多主体视觉的BIM仿真场景;然后,采用可视锥法,计算安拆吊装作业过程多主体视觉可达性量值,测度多主体视觉可达性水平,构建重型机械施工机械多主体视觉评价模型;最后,调节BIM模型的过程参数,推演多主体视觉变化趋势,评价安拆吊装作业多主体视觉可达性。结果表明:安拆作业中起重司机在起升下降过程中视觉可达性较差,在平移过程中视觉可达性较好;信号工和司索工的位置与其视觉可达性联系紧密,当信号工处于视野刚好覆盖起重司机和司索工的位置时,其视觉可达性最好,而司索工需不断调整位置,使其视觉可达性达到最佳。

基于BIM 5D的项目安全与质量协同管理研究

为解决项目质量和安全管理无法直观表达、提前预防、及时整改等问题,本研究将BIM技术引入项目安全与质量管理工作中,验证了基于BIM 5D的工程安全与质量协同管理的可行性。通过研究得出:通过“事前预防”的BIM技术(建立Revit模型、深化设计、施工模拟、可视化技术交底),将项目质量和安全问题提前暴露,减少返工造成的不必要麻烦,保证物资的有序进场和合理堆放,为安全文明施工提供基础;通过“事中控制”的BIM 5D+智慧工地决策系统,将质量、安全问题进行归集、分析,将分析结果以图表呈现,对关键问题进行预警,及时发现问题并整改。上述方法保证了项目安全,提升了工程质量,为施工企业应用BIM 5D提供了参考。