Background: Kangaroo Mother Care is a simple safe method used to care for low-birth-weight babies. Low-birth-weight is a global public health issue that pose significant challenge to perinatal care systems. Globally, ...Background: Kangaroo Mother Care is a simple safe method used to care for low-birth-weight babies. Low-birth-weight is a global public health issue that pose significant challenge to perinatal care systems. Globally, complications due to low-birth-weight are the leading cause of neonatal mortality, resulting in an estimated 1 million deaths annually. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a low-cost method of care for low-birth-weight infants in areas with inadequate incubators and power outages with positive outcomes. Objectives: To assess factors influencing acceptability of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in NICU at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital in Ndola, Zambia. Methodology: A cross sectional quantitative analytical study design was used. The study was conducted at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital (ADCH) in Ndola, Zambia. The purposive sampling method was used to select the study participants and a total of 129 mothers with Low Weight Babies A were selected to participate structured closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants using an interview. Data was analyzed using a Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software version 26. Cross tabulations were done to determine association of variables using a Chi square (x<sup>2</sup>) test at 95% confidence interval and were assumptions where not met, fishers exact test was used. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Results: Most of the respondents had male babies 77%, 69% of the babies weighed 1000 g - 1400 g, majority 79% had normal delivery, 71% of the respondents were multigravida and most of the respondents 79% were married. The study reviewed that 85% of those who attained secondary education accepted KMC, 74% of the respondents without monthly income accepted KMC, 80% of the respondents had positive attitude and accepted KMC. 82% of the respondents who had positive perception accepted KMC. Conclusion: Acceptance of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) among 75% of the mothers underscores its widespread favourability as a beneficial method for infant care.展开更多
Background: The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to con...Background: The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to consequences in its meat and carcass quality. The current study involved a total of 80 litters from Iberian sows fed a diet fulfilling daily requirements(n = 47; control) or providing 70% daily requirements(n = 33; underfed) from d 38 to d 90 of gestation when fetal tissue development begins. After birth, piglets born live were classified as low birthweight(LBW; < 1 kg) and normal birth-weight(NBW; ≥1 kg). During the growing phase, 240 control and 230 underfed pigs(50% males and females) distributed by BW category and sex were studied until the slaughter.Results: At birth and weaning, there were significant differences in all morphological measures and weight between NBW and LBW piglets as expected(P < 0.0005), but few effects of the gestational feed restriction. During the growing phase, NBW pigs continued with higher weight than LBW pigs on all the days of evaluation(P < 0.05),even though control-LBW-females and LBW-males showed a catch-up growth. However, underfed pigs showed slower growth and higher feed conversion ratio than control pigs(P < 0.0001) at 215 days old. Moreover, the average daily weight gain(ADWG) for the overall period was greater for NBW, male and control pigs than for their LBW, female and underfed pigs(P < 0.0001, P< 0.0005 and P< 0.05, respectively) and NBW pigs were slaughtered at a younger age than LBW pigs(P < 0.0001). After slaughtering, control pigs also had higher carcass yield and backfat depth than underfed pigs(P < 0.0005) and the maternal nutritional effect caused main changes in the polar lipid fraction of liver and loin. The fatty acid composition of loin in control pigs had higher C18:1 n-9 and n-3 FA concentrations, as well as lower ∑n-6/∑n-3 ratio, than in underfed pigs(P < 0.005).Conclusions: In brief, results showed that the effects of maternal nutritional restriction appeared and increased with offspring age, causing worse developmental patterns for underfed pigs than for control pigs.展开更多
This study determined effects of birth weights （0.70 to 1.09, 1.10 to 1.49, 1.50 to 1.89, and ≥ 1.90 kg） on the efficiency of milk utilization for growth in sow-reared piglets. One-hundred-sixty piglets from 18 mul...This study determined effects of birth weights （0.70 to 1.09, 1.10 to 1.49, 1.50 to 1.89, and ≥ 1.90 kg） on the efficiency of milk utilization for growth in sow-reared piglets. One-hundred-sixty piglets from 18 multiparous sows （ Landrace × Large White） were individually weighed immediately after birth （ day 0） and at 7-day intervals for 35 days. Milk consumption of piglets was determined weekly using the weigh-suckle-weigh method. Deaths of piglets were recorded daily. Piglets with the lightest birth weight had the highest incidence of mortality. Birth weights between 0.70 and 1.89 kg were positively as- sociated with average dally gains （ADG, g/day ） during the suckling period （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with piglets having birth weights of 1.50 to 1.89 kg, birth weights ≥ 1.90 kg did not confer any additional benefit on preweaning survival or ADG. Colostrum or milk consumption per kilogram of body weight among low-, normal-, and large-birth-weight piglets did not differ in the first week. At days 14 to 35, milk consumption of piglets （ g/kg BW/day ） increased （e 〈 0. 01 ） but the ratio of gain to milk consumption decreased （ P 〈 0.01 ） progressively, as their birth weights increased from 0.70 to ≥1.90 kg. Additionally, surviving low-birth-weight piglets had a higher relative growth rate （%/day ） than normal-and large-birth- weight piglets. Based on these novel findings, it is imperative that great efforts be made to improve the survival of low-birth-weight piglets so as to increase the efficiency of nutrient utilization by both lactating sows and suckling piglets.展开更多
目的探讨极低出生体重儿(very low birth weight,VLBW)中适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)和小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)身长增长对经外周中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)...目的探讨极低出生体重儿(very low birth weight,VLBW)中适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)和小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)身长增长对经外周中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)尖端移位的影响,并横向比较影响程度,帮助医护人员更好地把握导管尖端位置监测的时机。方法回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年6月在医院NICU住院并使用PICC的VLBW,按出生体质量和胎龄关系分为AGA组45例和SGA组19例,记录首次置管当日身长(Ht_(1))以及PICC尖端位置、置管期间胸片检查当日身长(Ht_(n))以及PICC尖端位置,并计算相应的身长增长率。身长增长率与PICC尖端移位的相关性用Spearman秩相关分析。将AGA和SGA的身长增长率分别与PICC尖端移位进行简单线性回归分析,构建回归模型,用协方差分析比较两组回归直线。结果VLBW中AGA组97.8%患儿出现移位,SGA组所有的患儿都出现移位,占比最多的均为移位3个椎体。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,两组患儿身长增长率与PICC尖端移位均具有相关性(AGA组rs=-0.719,P<0.001;SGA组rs=-0.769,P<0.001),随着VLBW身长增长,PICC尖端逐渐移位远离心脏。简单线性回归分析结果显示,AGA组回归模型(R^(2)=0.517,调整后R^(2)=0.513,F=129.487,P<0.001),SGA组回归模型(R^(2)=0.591,调整后R^(2)=0.585,F=95.385,P<0.001)。协方差分析结果显示,由于回归系数检验没有统计学意义,两条直线平行,说明身长增长率对两组患儿位移的影响一致。截距比较有统计学意义(F=9.265,P=0.003),说明两组患儿位移的起点不同(即增长率为零时的位移位置),说明位移与是否为AGA、SGA有关。结论随着VLBW中AGA和SGA身长增长,PICC尖端逐渐移位远离心脏,但相同的身长增长率,SGA引起的导管尖端移位幅度更大。建议AGA身长增长率12.4%、SGA身长增长率9.5%可作为监测导管尖端位置的重要时机,以免导管尖端进一步移位至非中心静脉,导致相关并发症发生。展开更多
文摘Background: Kangaroo Mother Care is a simple safe method used to care for low-birth-weight babies. Low-birth-weight is a global public health issue that pose significant challenge to perinatal care systems. Globally, complications due to low-birth-weight are the leading cause of neonatal mortality, resulting in an estimated 1 million deaths annually. Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is a low-cost method of care for low-birth-weight infants in areas with inadequate incubators and power outages with positive outcomes. Objectives: To assess factors influencing acceptability of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) in NICU at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital in Ndola, Zambia. Methodology: A cross sectional quantitative analytical study design was used. The study was conducted at Arthur Davison Children’s Hospital (ADCH) in Ndola, Zambia. The purposive sampling method was used to select the study participants and a total of 129 mothers with Low Weight Babies A were selected to participate structured closed ended questionnaire was used to collect data from the participants using an interview. Data was analyzed using a Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS) software version 26. Cross tabulations were done to determine association of variables using a Chi square (x<sup>2</sup>) test at 95% confidence interval and were assumptions where not met, fishers exact test was used. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to quantify the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. Results: Most of the respondents had male babies 77%, 69% of the babies weighed 1000 g - 1400 g, majority 79% had normal delivery, 71% of the respondents were multigravida and most of the respondents 79% were married. The study reviewed that 85% of those who attained secondary education accepted KMC, 74% of the respondents without monthly income accepted KMC, 80% of the respondents had positive attitude and accepted KMC. 82% of the respondents who had positive perception accepted KMC. Conclusion: Acceptance of Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) among 75% of the mothers underscores its widespread favourability as a beneficial method for infant care.
基金supported by funds from the Ministry of Economy and competitiveness(project AGL2013–48121-C3-R and AGL2016–79321-C2–2-R)co-funded by FEDER.More funds were obtained from MEDGAN-REDLAB(project S2013/ABI-2913)CAM,co-funded by FEDER.MVG and CGC are backed by the Spanish Government(MVG:FPU National Program Grant Number FPU014/01285.CGC:FPI National Program Grant Number BES-2014-070464)
文摘Background: The aim of this study was to determine how maternal undernutrition during pregnancy and offspring birth-weight can affect the postnatal development of offspring under farm conditions, which may lead to consequences in its meat and carcass quality. The current study involved a total of 80 litters from Iberian sows fed a diet fulfilling daily requirements(n = 47; control) or providing 70% daily requirements(n = 33; underfed) from d 38 to d 90 of gestation when fetal tissue development begins. After birth, piglets born live were classified as low birthweight(LBW; < 1 kg) and normal birth-weight(NBW; ≥1 kg). During the growing phase, 240 control and 230 underfed pigs(50% males and females) distributed by BW category and sex were studied until the slaughter.Results: At birth and weaning, there were significant differences in all morphological measures and weight between NBW and LBW piglets as expected(P < 0.0005), but few effects of the gestational feed restriction. During the growing phase, NBW pigs continued with higher weight than LBW pigs on all the days of evaluation(P < 0.05),even though control-LBW-females and LBW-males showed a catch-up growth. However, underfed pigs showed slower growth and higher feed conversion ratio than control pigs(P < 0.0001) at 215 days old. Moreover, the average daily weight gain(ADWG) for the overall period was greater for NBW, male and control pigs than for their LBW, female and underfed pigs(P < 0.0001, P< 0.0005 and P< 0.05, respectively) and NBW pigs were slaughtered at a younger age than LBW pigs(P < 0.0001). After slaughtering, control pigs also had higher carcass yield and backfat depth than underfed pigs(P < 0.0005) and the maternal nutritional effect caused main changes in the polar lipid fraction of liver and loin. The fatty acid composition of loin in control pigs had higher C18:1 n-9 and n-3 FA concentrations, as well as lower ∑n-6/∑n-3 ratio, than in underfed pigs(P < 0.005).Conclusions: In brief, results showed that the effects of maternal nutritional restriction appeared and increased with offspring age, causing worse developmental patterns for underfed pigs than for control pigs.
基金supported by funds from Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grants no.2008-35206-187642008-35203-19120 from the USDA National Institute of Food and AgricultureTexas AgriLife Research Hatch project (H-8200), and Texas A&M University (College Station, Texas, USA)
文摘This study determined effects of birth weights （0.70 to 1.09, 1.10 to 1.49, 1.50 to 1.89, and ≥ 1.90 kg） on the efficiency of milk utilization for growth in sow-reared piglets. One-hundred-sixty piglets from 18 multiparous sows （ Landrace × Large White） were individually weighed immediately after birth （ day 0） and at 7-day intervals for 35 days. Milk consumption of piglets was determined weekly using the weigh-suckle-weigh method. Deaths of piglets were recorded daily. Piglets with the lightest birth weight had the highest incidence of mortality. Birth weights between 0.70 and 1.89 kg were positively as- sociated with average dally gains （ADG, g/day ） during the suckling period （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with piglets having birth weights of 1.50 to 1.89 kg, birth weights ≥ 1.90 kg did not confer any additional benefit on preweaning survival or ADG. Colostrum or milk consumption per kilogram of body weight among low-, normal-, and large-birth-weight piglets did not differ in the first week. At days 14 to 35, milk consumption of piglets （ g/kg BW/day ） increased （e 〈 0. 01 ） but the ratio of gain to milk consumption decreased （ P 〈 0.01 ） progressively, as their birth weights increased from 0.70 to ≥1.90 kg. Additionally, surviving low-birth-weight piglets had a higher relative growth rate （%/day ） than normal-and large-birth- weight piglets. Based on these novel findings, it is imperative that great efforts be made to improve the survival of low-birth-weight piglets so as to increase the efficiency of nutrient utilization by both lactating sows and suckling piglets.
文摘目的探讨极低出生体重儿(very low birth weight,VLBW)中适于胎龄儿(appropriate for gestational age,AGA)和小于胎龄儿(small for gestational age,SGA)身长增长对经外周中心静脉置管(peripherally inserted central catheter,PICC)尖端移位的影响,并横向比较影响程度,帮助医护人员更好地把握导管尖端位置监测的时机。方法回顾性分析2021年1月—2022年6月在医院NICU住院并使用PICC的VLBW,按出生体质量和胎龄关系分为AGA组45例和SGA组19例,记录首次置管当日身长(Ht_(1))以及PICC尖端位置、置管期间胸片检查当日身长(Ht_(n))以及PICC尖端位置,并计算相应的身长增长率。身长增长率与PICC尖端移位的相关性用Spearman秩相关分析。将AGA和SGA的身长增长率分别与PICC尖端移位进行简单线性回归分析,构建回归模型,用协方差分析比较两组回归直线。结果VLBW中AGA组97.8%患儿出现移位,SGA组所有的患儿都出现移位,占比最多的均为移位3个椎体。Spearman秩相关分析结果显示,两组患儿身长增长率与PICC尖端移位均具有相关性(AGA组rs=-0.719,P<0.001;SGA组rs=-0.769,P<0.001),随着VLBW身长增长,PICC尖端逐渐移位远离心脏。简单线性回归分析结果显示,AGA组回归模型(R^(2)=0.517,调整后R^(2)=0.513,F=129.487,P<0.001),SGA组回归模型(R^(2)=0.591,调整后R^(2)=0.585,F=95.385,P<0.001)。协方差分析结果显示,由于回归系数检验没有统计学意义,两条直线平行,说明身长增长率对两组患儿位移的影响一致。截距比较有统计学意义(F=9.265,P=0.003),说明两组患儿位移的起点不同(即增长率为零时的位移位置),说明位移与是否为AGA、SGA有关。结论随着VLBW中AGA和SGA身长增长,PICC尖端逐渐移位远离心脏,但相同的身长增长率,SGA引起的导管尖端移位幅度更大。建议AGA身长增长率12.4%、SGA身长增长率9.5%可作为监测导管尖端位置的重要时机,以免导管尖端进一步移位至非中心静脉,导致相关并发症发生。
