【目的】揭示基于动物模型最佳线性无偏预测(animal model best linear unbiased prediction,AM-BLUP)的选择指数对杜洛克猪生长及繁殖性状的选育效果。【方法】在采用AM-BLUP方法估计个体目标性状育种值基础上,以达100 kg体质量日龄(...【目的】揭示基于动物模型最佳线性无偏预测(animal model best linear unbiased prediction,AM-BLUP)的选择指数对杜洛克猪生长及繁殖性状的选育效果。【方法】在采用AM-BLUP方法估计个体目标性状育种值基础上,以达100 kg体质量日龄(相对权重0.7)和100 kg活体背膘厚(相对权重0.3)为主选性状构建选择指数,对1个闭锁的杜洛克猪群开展持续7年(2013—2019年)的选育,系统分析选育期间猪群6个生长及繁殖性状表型值、估计育种值(estimated breeding value,EBV)、选择指数及近交系数的变化。【结果】相较于2013年,2019年猪群达100 kg体质量日龄、100 kg活体背膘厚和30~100 kg料重比分别极显著缩短4.45 d、降低0.52 mm和降低0.05(P<0.01);初产和经产母猪的总产仔数分别提高0.99头(P<0.05)和1.02头(P>0.05),产活仔数分别提高0.72头和0.49头(P>0.05),21日龄窝重分别降低0.39 kg和提高6.20 kg(P>0.05);主选性状达100 kg体质量日龄和100 kg活体背膘厚的EBV分别极显著降低3.447和0.533(P<0.01),选择指数极显著提高23.62(P<0.01),除30~100 kg料重比外,其余辅选性状的EBV均获得了不同程度改进。选育结束时,群体平均近交系数为3.1973%,年均增量为0.4904%。【结论】基于AM-BLUP的指数选择可有效改良猪的生产性状,但不同性状的具体选择进展会因其遗传特性的不同而异。展开更多
This paper makes an analysis of the phenotype tendencies of dam populations White Large （WL） and Landrace （L） over the years 2000-2009 after the introduction of Multivariate Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and ani...This paper makes an analysis of the phenotype tendencies of dam populations White Large （WL） and Landrace （L） over the years 2000-2009 after the introduction of Multivariate Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and animal model into the genetic evaluation of pigs in the Slovak Republic. The analysis of slaughter parameters over the years 2000-2009 showed a decreasing tendency concerning the fat thickness in WL from 18.30 （2000） to 12.40 mm （2009）, which represents the reduction by 5.9 mm; in L from 16.40 mm （2000） to 12.10 mm （2009）, which means the reduction by 4.30 mm. There was also observed a positive tendency in the percentage of carcass lean meat in a slaughter body. The overall population average for the years 2000-2009 was as follows： WL 54.36% and L 54.61%. The highest values of meatiness in 2000-2009 were achieved in WL ＋ 1.59% and L ＋ 2.92%. Apart from the daily gains in all parameters, there were also found both highly significant statistical differences and interactions between a period and a breed.展开更多
文摘This paper makes an analysis of the phenotype tendencies of dam populations White Large （WL） and Landrace （L） over the years 2000-2009 after the introduction of Multivariate Best Linear Unbiased Prediction and animal model into the genetic evaluation of pigs in the Slovak Republic. The analysis of slaughter parameters over the years 2000-2009 showed a decreasing tendency concerning the fat thickness in WL from 18.30 （2000） to 12.40 mm （2009）, which represents the reduction by 5.9 mm; in L from 16.40 mm （2000） to 12.10 mm （2009）, which means the reduction by 4.30 mm. There was also observed a positive tendency in the percentage of carcass lean meat in a slaughter body. The overall population average for the years 2000-2009 was as follows： WL 54.36% and L 54.61%. The highest values of meatiness in 2000-2009 were achieved in WL ＋ 1.59% and L ＋ 2.92%. Apart from the daily gains in all parameters, there were also found both highly significant statistical differences and interactions between a period and a breed.
