激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SIONFH)是由于糖皮质激素使用不当或过度而引起的髋关节疾病,发病机制尚未统一,临床疗效亦不佳。当前,没有效果明确的药物可以延缓疾病进程,而中医药治疗SIONFH在...激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SIONFH)是由于糖皮质激素使用不当或过度而引起的髋关节疾病,发病机制尚未统一,临床疗效亦不佳。当前,没有效果明确的药物可以延缓疾病进程,而中医药治疗SIONFH在临床上取得一定疗效。即便如此,仍未能完整的从分子生物及细胞生物学角度阐明中药治疗SIONFH的作用机制。转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Smad信号通路的转导是防治SIONFH的研究热点之一,故该文阐明了该信号通路的转导机制以及与SIONFH的联系,检索了基于该通路治疗SIONFH的全部中药及复方并阐述其影响机制。基于中医对SIONFH的认识,现临床上使用补肝肾强筋骨以及活血祛瘀通络类的方药治疗SIONFH,且具有良好的疗效。中药通过调控该通路,可刺激骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,降低破骨细胞含量,减少脂肪生成,改善微循环,抗氧化损伤,促进股骨头内血管新生,从而促进股骨头损伤的修复。现基于TGF-β/BMP/Smad信号通路对中医药治疗SIONFH的研究进展做一综述,期许为中医药治疗SIONFH提供理论依据及参考。展开更多
动脉性肺动脉高压(Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, PAH),即第1大类肺动脉高压,是一种以高发病率和死亡率为特点的血管疾病,其主要表现是肺血管重塑和肺血管阻力增加,最终导致右心室衰竭甚至死亡。骨形态发生蛋白9 (Bone Morphogeneti...动脉性肺动脉高压(Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, PAH),即第1大类肺动脉高压,是一种以高发病率和死亡率为特点的血管疾病,其主要表现是肺血管重塑和肺血管阻力增加,最终导致右心室衰竭甚至死亡。骨形态发生蛋白9 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9, BMP9)属于转化生长因子β (Transforming Growth Factor-β, TGF-β)家族,主要由肝脏星状细胞产生,随血液循环到肺血管内皮细胞上与受体结合,在PAH中发挥相应的生物学效应,但是部分研究结果是相互矛盾的。本文对PAH中BMP9的信号通路及BMP9对肺血管内皮细胞作用的研究和进展进行综述。Arterial pulmonary hypertension (PAH), also known as the group 1 pulmonary hypertension, is a vascular disease characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and its main manifestations are pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance, which eventually leads to right ventricular failure and even death. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 (BMP9) belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family, which is mainly produced by hepatic stellate cells, which circulates to pulmonary vascular endothelial cells with blood and bind to their receptors to exert corresponding biological effects in PAH, but some research results are contradictory. This article briefly reviews the BMP9 signaling pathway in PAH and the research and progress of BMP9 on pulmonary vascular endothelial cells.展开更多
旨在探究不同FecB基因型对绵羊卵泡中BMP/SMAD通路活性和蛋白表达的影响;揭示成熟大卵泡和小卵泡之间BMP/SMAD通路活性和蛋白表达的差异。本研究采用TaqMan分型方法筛选出不同FecB基因型的母羊,同期发情后取卵泡期成熟卵泡和黄体期卵巢...旨在探究不同FecB基因型对绵羊卵泡中BMP/SMAD通路活性和蛋白表达的影响;揭示成熟大卵泡和小卵泡之间BMP/SMAD通路活性和蛋白表达的差异。本研究采用TaqMan分型方法筛选出不同FecB基因型的母羊,同期发情后取卵泡期成熟卵泡和黄体期卵巢表面小卵泡,利用免疫印迹法(Western blot)测定BMP/SMAD通路相关蛋白表达水平和通路活性。结果表明,对于小卵泡组,FecB突变型卵泡中骨形态发生蛋白1B型受体(bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B,BMPR1B)表达量显著高于野生型卵泡(P<0.05),但SMAD家族成员4(SMAD family member 4,SMAD4)表达量和SMAD1/5/9的磷酸化水平显著低于野生型卵泡(P<0.05);对于成熟大卵泡组,FecB突变型卵泡中FKBP脯氨酰异构酶1A(FKBP prolyl isomerase 1A,FKBP1A)和SMAD4表达量显著低于野生型卵泡(P<0.05),Ⅰ型受体(BMPR1B)和Ⅱ型受体(BMPR2)的蛋白表达量及SMAD1/5/9的磷酸化水平在两种基因型之间未显示出显著差异。另一方面,对比FecB突变型小卵泡和成熟大卵泡发现:成熟大卵泡中BMPR1B和SMAD4蛋白表达量和SMAD1/5/9磷酸化程度显著高于小卵泡(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,由于SMAD4表达量的下降,FecB突变型大、小卵泡中结合到基因组靶区域的SMAD4-SMAD1/5/9蛋白复合物均相对较少,将导致通路活性降低,而且由于小卵泡中较低的SMAD1/5/9磷酸化水平,其通路活性更低。另外,绵羊突变型卵泡生长发育成熟后BMP/SMAD通路活性显著增强。展开更多
Background:Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength.However,current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications.The deep learning-based efficacy pre...Background:Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength.However,current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications.The deep learning-based efficacy prediction system(DLEPS)is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes.This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin(CB),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),on bone loss.Methods:DLEPS was employed for screening anti-osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis.Micro-CT,histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB,and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMMSCs)were also investigated.The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT-PCR,Western blot(WB),immunofluorescence(IF),etc.Results:A safe concentration(0.25mg/kg in vivo,0.05μM in vitro)of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs.Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways participated in CB-induced osteogenic differentiation,further regulating the expression of osteogenesis-associated factors,and ultimately promoting osteogenesis.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss,further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs,with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved.展开更多
文摘激素性股骨头坏死(steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head,SIONFH)是由于糖皮质激素使用不当或过度而引起的髋关节疾病,发病机制尚未统一,临床疗效亦不佳。当前,没有效果明确的药物可以延缓疾病进程,而中医药治疗SIONFH在临床上取得一定疗效。即便如此,仍未能完整的从分子生物及细胞生物学角度阐明中药治疗SIONFH的作用机制。转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Smad信号通路的转导是防治SIONFH的研究热点之一,故该文阐明了该信号通路的转导机制以及与SIONFH的联系,检索了基于该通路治疗SIONFH的全部中药及复方并阐述其影响机制。基于中医对SIONFH的认识,现临床上使用补肝肾强筋骨以及活血祛瘀通络类的方药治疗SIONFH,且具有良好的疗效。中药通过调控该通路,可刺激骨髓间充质干细胞成骨分化,降低破骨细胞含量,减少脂肪生成,改善微循环,抗氧化损伤,促进股骨头内血管新生,从而促进股骨头损伤的修复。现基于TGF-β/BMP/Smad信号通路对中医药治疗SIONFH的研究进展做一综述,期许为中医药治疗SIONFH提供理论依据及参考。
文摘动脉性肺动脉高压(Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, PAH),即第1大类肺动脉高压,是一种以高发病率和死亡率为特点的血管疾病,其主要表现是肺血管重塑和肺血管阻力增加,最终导致右心室衰竭甚至死亡。骨形态发生蛋白9 (Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9, BMP9)属于转化生长因子β (Transforming Growth Factor-β, TGF-β)家族,主要由肝脏星状细胞产生,随血液循环到肺血管内皮细胞上与受体结合,在PAH中发挥相应的生物学效应,但是部分研究结果是相互矛盾的。本文对PAH中BMP9的信号通路及BMP9对肺血管内皮细胞作用的研究和进展进行综述。Arterial pulmonary hypertension (PAH), also known as the group 1 pulmonary hypertension, is a vascular disease characterized by high morbidity and mortality, and its main manifestations are pulmonary vascular remodeling and increased pulmonary vascular resistance, which eventually leads to right ventricular failure and even death. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 9 (BMP9) belongs to the Transforming Growth Factor-β (TGF-β) family, which is mainly produced by hepatic stellate cells, which circulates to pulmonary vascular endothelial cells with blood and bind to their receptors to exert corresponding biological effects in PAH, but some research results are contradictory. This article briefly reviews the BMP9 signaling pathway in PAH and the research and progress of BMP9 on pulmonary vascular endothelial cells.
文摘旨在探究不同FecB基因型对绵羊卵泡中BMP/SMAD通路活性和蛋白表达的影响;揭示成熟大卵泡和小卵泡之间BMP/SMAD通路活性和蛋白表达的差异。本研究采用TaqMan分型方法筛选出不同FecB基因型的母羊,同期发情后取卵泡期成熟卵泡和黄体期卵巢表面小卵泡,利用免疫印迹法(Western blot)测定BMP/SMAD通路相关蛋白表达水平和通路活性。结果表明,对于小卵泡组,FecB突变型卵泡中骨形态发生蛋白1B型受体(bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B,BMPR1B)表达量显著高于野生型卵泡(P<0.05),但SMAD家族成员4(SMAD family member 4,SMAD4)表达量和SMAD1/5/9的磷酸化水平显著低于野生型卵泡(P<0.05);对于成熟大卵泡组,FecB突变型卵泡中FKBP脯氨酰异构酶1A(FKBP prolyl isomerase 1A,FKBP1A)和SMAD4表达量显著低于野生型卵泡(P<0.05),Ⅰ型受体(BMPR1B)和Ⅱ型受体(BMPR2)的蛋白表达量及SMAD1/5/9的磷酸化水平在两种基因型之间未显示出显著差异。另一方面,对比FecB突变型小卵泡和成熟大卵泡发现:成熟大卵泡中BMPR1B和SMAD4蛋白表达量和SMAD1/5/9磷酸化程度显著高于小卵泡(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,由于SMAD4表达量的下降,FecB突变型大、小卵泡中结合到基因组靶区域的SMAD4-SMAD1/5/9蛋白复合物均相对较少,将导致通路活性降低,而且由于小卵泡中较低的SMAD1/5/9磷酸化水平,其通路活性更低。另外,绵羊突变型卵泡生长发育成熟后BMP/SMAD通路活性显著增强。
基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation,Grant/Award Number:L222145 and L222030Emerging Engineering Interdisciplinary Project and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Number:PKU2022XGK008Peking University Medicine Fund of Fostering Young Scholars’Scientific&Technological Innovation,Grant/Award Number:BMU2022PY010。
文摘Background:Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease characterized by bone loss and decreased bone strength.However,current anti-resorptive drugs carry a risk of various complications.The deep learning-based efficacy prediction system(DLEPS)is a forecasting tool that can effectively compete in drug screening and prediction based on gene expression changes.This study aimed to explore the protective effect and potential mechanisms of cinobufotalin(CB),a traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),on bone loss.Methods:DLEPS was employed for screening anti-osteoporotic agents according to gene profile changes in primary osteoporosis.Micro-CT,histological and morphological analysis were applied for the bone protective detection of CB,and the osteogenic differentiation/function in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(hBMMSCs)were also investigated.The underlying mechanism was verified using qRT-PCR,Western blot(WB),immunofluorescence(IF),etc.Results:A safe concentration(0.25mg/kg in vivo,0.05μM in vitro)of CB could effectively preserve bone mass in estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss and promote osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs.Both BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways participated in CB-induced osteogenic differentiation,further regulating the expression of osteogenesis-associated factors,and ultimately promoting osteogenesis.Conclusion:Our study demonstrated that CB could significantly reverse estrogen deficiency-induced bone loss,further promoting osteogenic differentiation/function of hBMMSCs,with BMPs/SMAD and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways involved.
