Quantitative algorithm for airborne gamma spectrum of large sample based on improved shuffled frog leaping-particle swarm optimization convolutional neural network

In airborne gamma ray spectrum processing,different analysis methods,technical requirements,analysis models,and calculation methods need to be established.To meet the engineering practice requirements of airborne gamma-ray measurements and improve computational efficiency,an improved shuffled frog leaping algorithm-particle swarm optimization convolutional neural network(SFLA-PSO CNN)for large-sample quantitative analysis of airborne gamma-ray spectra is proposed herein.This method was used to train the weight of the neural network,optimize the structure of the network,delete redundant connections,and enable the neural network to acquire the capability of quantitative spectrum processing.In full-spectrum data processing,this method can perform the functions of energy spectrum peak searching and peak area calculations.After network training,the mean SNR and RMSE of the spectral lines were 31.27 and 2.75,respectively,satisfying the demand for noise reduction.To test the processing ability of the algorithm in large samples of airborne gamma spectra,this study considered the measured data from the Saihangaobi survey area as an example to conduct data spectral analysis.The results show that calculation of the single-peak area takes only 0.13~0.15 ms,and the average relative errors of the peak area in the U,Th,and K spectra are 3.11,9.50,and 6.18%,indicating the high processing efficiency and accuracy of this algorithm.The performance of the model can be further improved by optimizing related parameters,but it can already meet the requirements of practical engineering measurement.This study provides a new idea for the full-spectrum processing of airborne gamma rays.

Temperature prediction model for a high-speed motorized spindle based on back-propagation neural network optimized by adaptive particle swarm optimization

To predict the temperature of a motorized spindle more accurately,a novel temperature prediction model based on the back-propagation neural network optimized by adaptive particle swarm optimization(APSO-BPNN)is proposed.First,on the basis of the PSO-BPNN algorithm,the adaptive inertia weight is introduced to make the weight change with the fitness of the particle,the adaptive learning factor is used to obtain different search abilities in the early and later stages of the algorithm,the mutation operator is incorporated to increase the diversity of the population and avoid premature convergence,and the APSO-BPNN model is constructed.Then,the temperature of different measurement points of the motorized spindle is forecasted by the BPNN,PSO-BPNN,and APSO-BPNN models.The experimental results demonstrate that the APSO-BPNN model has a significant advantage over the other two methods regarding prediction precision and robustness.The presented algorithm can provide a theoretical basis for intelligently controlling temperature and developing an early warning system for high-speed motorized spindles and machine tools.

Multi-Source Underwater DOA Estimation Using PSO-BP Neural Network Based on High-Order Cumulant Optimization

Due to the complex and changeable environment under water,the performance of traditional DOA estimation algorithms based on mathematical model,such as MUSIC,ESPRIT,etc.,degrades greatly or even some mistakes can be made because of the mismatch between algorithm model and actual environment model.In addition,the neural network has the ability of generalization and mapping,it can consider the noise,transmission channel inconsistency and other factors of the objective environment.Therefore,this paper utilizes Back Propagation(BP)neural network as the basic framework of underwater DOA estimation.Furthermore,in order to improve the performance of DOA estimation of BP neural network,the following three improvements are proposed.(1)Aiming at the problem that the weight and threshold of traditional BP neural network converge slowly and easily fall into the local optimal value in the iterative process,PSO-BP-NN based on optimized particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is proposed.(2)The Higher-order cumulant of the received signal is utilized to establish the training model.(3)A BP neural network training method for arbitrary number of sources is proposed.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is proved by comparing with the state-of-the-art algorithms and MUSIC algorithm.

Neural network hyperparameter optimization based on improved particle swarm optimization

Hyperparameter optimization is considered as one of the most challenges in deep learning and dominates the precision of model in a certain.Recent proposals tried to solve this issue through the particle swarm optimization(PSO),but its native defect may result in the local optima trapped and convergence difficulty.In this paper,the genetic operations are introduced to the PSO,which makes the best hyperparameter combination scheme for specific network architecture be located easier.Spe-cifically,to prevent the troubles caused by the different data types and value scopes,a mixed coding method is used to ensure the effectiveness of particles.Moreover,the crossover and mutation opera-tions are added to the process of particles updating,to increase the diversity of particles and avoid local optima in searching.Verified with three benchmark datasets,MNIST,Fashion-MNIST,and CIFAR10,it is demonstrated that the proposed scheme can achieve accuracies of 99.58%,93.39%,and 78.96%,respectively,improving the accuracy by about 0.1%,0.5%,and 2%,respectively,compared with that of the PSO.

APSO-CNN-SE:An Adaptive Convolutional Neural Network Approach for IoT Intrusion Detection

The surge in connected devices and massive data aggregation has expanded the scale of the Internet of Things(IoT)networks.The proliferation of unknown attacks and related risks,such as zero-day attacks and Distributed Denial of Service(DDoS)attacks triggered by botnets,have resulted in information leakage and property damage.Therefore,developing an efficient and realistic intrusion detection system(IDS)is critical for ensuring IoT network security.In recent years,traditional machine learning techniques have struggled to learn the complex associations between multidimensional features in network traffic,and the excellent performance of deep learning techniques,as an advanced version of machine learning,has led to their widespread application in intrusion detection.In this paper,we propose an Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization Convolutional Neural Network Squeeze-andExcitation(APSO-CNN-SE)model for implementing IoT network intrusion detection.A 2D CNN backbone is initially constructed to extract spatial features from network traffic.Subsequently,a squeeze-and-excitation channel attention mechanism is introduced and embedded into the CNN to focus on critical feature channels.Lastly,the weights and biases in the CNN-SE are extracted to initialize the population individuals of the APSO.As the number of iterations increases,the population’s position vector is continuously updated,and the cross-entropy loss function value is minimized to produce the ideal network architecture.We evaluated the models experimentally using binary and multiclassification on the UNSW-NB15 and NSL-KDD datasets,comparing and analyzing the evaluation metrics derived from each model.Compared to the base CNN model,the results demonstrate that APSO-CNNSE enhances the binary classification detection accuracy by 1.84%and 3.53%and the multiclassification detection accuracy by 1.56%and 2.73%on the two datasets,respectively.Additionally,the model outperforms the existing models like DT,KNN,LR,SVM,LSTM,etc.,in terms of accuracy and fitting performance.This means that the model can identify potential attacks or anomalies more precisely,improving the overall security and stability of the IoT environment.

Optimization of Laser Ablation Technology for PDPhSM Matrix Nanocomposite Thin Film by Artificial Neural Networks-particle Swarm Algorithm

A new thermal ring-opening polymerization technique for 1, 1, 3, 3-tetra-ph enyl-1, 3-disilacyclobutane （TPDC） based on the use of metal nanoparticles produced by pulsed laser ablation was investigated. This method facilitates the synthesis of polydiphenysilylenemethyle （PDPhSM） thin film, which is difficult to make by conventional methods because of its insolubility and high melting point. TPDC was first evaporated on silicon substrates and then exposed to metal nanoparticles deposition by pulsed laser ablation prior to heat treatment.The TPDC films with metal nanoparticles were heated in an electric furnace in air atmosphere to induce ring-opening polymerization of TPDC. The film thicknesses before and after polymerization were measured by a stylus profilometer. Since the polymerization process competes with re-evaporation of TPDC during the heating, the thickness ratio of the polymer to the monomer was defined as the polymerization efficiency, which depends greatly on the technology conditions. Therefore, a well trained radial base function neural network model was constructed to approach the complex nonlinear relationship. Moreover, a particle swarm algorithm was firstly introduced to search for an optimum technology directly from RBF neural network model. This ensures that the fabrication of thin film with appropriate properties using pulsed laser ablation requires no in-depth understanding of the entire behavior of the technology conditions.

A fuzzy neural network evolved by particle swarm optimization

A cooperative system of a fuzzy logic model and a fuzzy neural network(CSFLMFNN)is proposed,in which a fuzzy logic model is acquired from domain experts and a fuzzy neural network is generated and prewired according to the model.Then PSO-CSFLMFNN is constructed by introducing particle swarm optimization(PSO)into the cooperative system instead of the commonly used evolutionary algorithms to evolve the prewired fuzzy neural network.The evolutionary fuzzy neural network implements accuracy fuzzy inference without rule matching.PSO-CSFLMFNN is applied to the intelligent fault diagnosis for a petrochemical engineering equipment,in which the cooperative system is proved to be effective.It is shown by the applied results that the performance of the evolutionary fuzzy neural network outperforms remarkably that of the one evolved by genetic algorithm in the convergence rate and the generalization precision.

交通荷载下煤矸石路基填料累积变形PSO-BP神经网络预测模型

基于煤矸石路基填料大型动三轴试验结果,采用灰色关联分析法分析累积变形影响因子,确定了围压、压实度、级配参数、循环荷载振动次数4个特征参数。引入PSO算法对BP神经网络的权重、阈值进行全局寻优并赋值,提出了一种煤矸石路基填料累积变形PSO-BP神经网络预测模型。与传统BP神经网络模型对比结果验证了该预测模型的可行性和优越性,并通过不同学习程度下模型的预测效果分析了模型的泛化能力,证明了模型的预测潜力。

基于GM(1,1)-IPSO-BP的重载铁路小半径曲线钢轨磨耗预测方法

为实现重载铁路小半径曲线段钢轨磨耗量的精准预测,提出一种非等间距灰色模型GM(1,1)与改进粒子群算法(IPSO)优化BP神经网络相结合的钢轨磨耗预测方法。首先,根据积分原理优化GM(1,1)非等间距模型的背景值计算方法,基于改进的模型得到实测磨耗序列的初步预测结果;然后,利用IPSO算法对BP神经网络的权值和阈值进行自动寻优,对GM(1,1)模型初步预测序列的残差进行校正;最后,将优化后的两种模型组合构建基于GM(1,1)-IPSO-BP的重载铁路小半径曲线地段钢轨磨耗量预测模型。以某重载铁路桥上半径400 m曲线为例,利用长期的磨耗监测数据进行方法的适用性分析,研究结果表明:GM(1,1)-IPSO-BP模型克服了磨耗数据的非线性、随机性特征对计算结果的影响,预测精度优于单独使用GM(1,1)、IPSO-BP模型;背景值优化后的GM(1,1)模型预测准确性更可靠;IPSO优化算法提高了BP神经网络计算的精度和速度;预测结果和实测数据之间的相对误差不大于4%;在预测区间上的绝对误差小于0.4 mm,运用该方法能够较准确地得到钢轨磨耗的发展规律。研究结果可为重载铁路小半径曲线钢轨的精准维修和科学使用提供参考。

基于MPSO-BP算法的四电极电化学气体传感器温度补偿研究

针对四电极电化学气体传感器的测量精度极易受环境温度影响的问题,提出一种基于粒子群优化BP神经网络算法(PSO-BP)的温度补偿方法。利用改进的PSO算法(MPSO)对BP神经网络的权值和阈值进行优化,构造四电极电化学气体传感器的温度补偿模型,并设计了气体传感器测试系统。实验结果表明,MPSO-BP算法可有效提高BP神经网络的收敛速度和泛化能力;基于MPSO-BP算法的四电极气体传感器温度补偿模型,可将温度补偿误差控制在0.1%以内。

基于EMD-PSO-BP模型的短期潮流流速预测

针对潮流流速的随机性和波动性,本研究基于经验模态分解(Empirical mode decomposition,EMD)和粒子群优化(Particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法,改进了反向传播(Back propagation,BP)神经网络的短期潮流流速预测模型。该模型首先对原始流速序列进行EMD分解,得到多个本征模函数(Intrinsic mode function,IMF)和残差。然后,利用PSO改进BP神经网络,对分解所得的IMF和残差分别进行预测。最后,将各个预测结果相结合,得出流速的最终预测结果,从而提高潮流流速的预测精度。本文以江苏省潮流流速为例,分别建立BP、PSO-BP、EMD-BP以及EMD-PSO-BP四类预测模型,以对潮流流速进行预测和对比分析。结果表明,相较于其他模型,EMD-PSO-BP预测模型在潮流流速的预测方面具有更高的精度,为潮流能开发提供重要的数据支撑。

基于PSO-LSSVM-BP模型的高边坡力学参数反分析及稳定性评价

基于粒子群优化(PSO)算法和最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)算法构建非线性映射关系,结合反向传播(BP)神经网络对非线性映射关系生成的数据库进行机器学习,构建了PSO-LSSVM-BP模型确定最优岩体力学参数。PSO-LSSVM-BP模型以高边坡监测位移数据作为输入信息,通过反分析获得高边坡岩体力学参数,将反分析参数用于FLAC3D位移数值计算,结果表明模拟结果与监测数据吻合较好,验证了该模型的可行性和有效性。基于PSO-LSSVM-BP模型,对不同蓄水位下两河口水电站进水口高边坡稳定性进行了评价,发现水位是影响边坡稳定性的主要因素,随着水位上升,边坡位移逐渐增大,其表面和断层处损伤程度加深,边坡局部点安全系数有所下降,但整体点安全系数均大于1.30,有一定安全裕度。

基于MIV-PSO-BPNN的掘进面风温预测方法

目的为防治矿井热害,解决矿井掘进面风温预测问题,方法提出一种MIV算法优化的PSO-BPNN预测模型。通过利用MIV算法确定模型的输入变量,以BP网络建模,使用粒子群优化算法结合BP神经网络实现掘进工作面风流温度的预测,得到预测结果并与BPNN模型、PSO-BPNN模型、SVR模型相比较。结果结果表明:MIV-PSO-BPNN预测模型的相对误差为-0.47%~1.81%,分别优于PSO-BPNN、BPNN、SVR预测模型的-3.96%~1.93%,-5.54%~2.98%,-2.16%~2.95%,预测模型的误差为-0.1~0.5℃,表明预测值与实测值基本一致;与BPNN预测模型、PSO-BPNN预测模型、SVR预测模型相比,MIV-PSO-BPNN预测模型的预测结果平均绝对误差分别减少65%,54%,50%,均方误差分别减少88%,78%,69%,表明该预测模型的预测效果优于其他3种模型。结论所提模型适用于矿井掘进工作面风温的预测。

基于IPSO-BP的船舶航迹预测研究

目的面对复杂的海上交通及密集的物流交通流,及时有效地对船舶航迹进行跟踪预测显得尤为重要,针对传统船舶航迹预测方法精确度低且效率低下的问题,提出一种改进方法。方法在船舶自动识别系统(Automatic Identification System,AIS)数据的基础上,建立改进粒子群算法(IPSO)与BP神经网络相结合的船舶轨迹预测模型,利用船舶历史航行轨迹数据,实现对未来船舶运动的预测。选取宁波舟山港的船舶历史轨迹数据进行实验,并将IPSO-BP模型的实验结果与其他模型进行比较。结果不同模型航迹预测对比结果表明,IPSO-BP模型的性能较好,其预测精度较高,适用于船舶轨迹预测。结论使用IPSO-BP模型能够更加精准地预测船舶航迹,在船舶危险预警、船舶异常监测等方面具有重要的指导作用。

Forecasting of Software Reliability Using Neighborhood Fuzzy Particle Swarm Optimization Based Novel Neural Network

This paper proposes an artificial neural network(ANN) based software reliability model trained by novel particle swarm optimization(PSO) algorithm for enhanced forecasting of the reliability of software. The proposed ANN is developed considering the fault generation phenomenon during software testing with the fault complexity of different levels. We demonstrate the proposed model considering three types of faults residing in the software. We propose a neighborhood based fuzzy PSO algorithm for competent learning of the proposed ANN using software failure data. Fitting and prediction performances of the neighborhood fuzzy PSO based proposed neural network model are compared with the standard PSO based proposed neural network model and existing ANN based software reliability models in the literature through three real software failure data sets. We also compare the performance of the proposed PSO algorithm with the standard PSO algorithm through learning of the proposed ANN. Statistical analysis shows that the neighborhood fuzzy PSO based proposed neural network model has comparatively better fitting and predictive ability than the standard PSO based proposed neural network model and other ANN based software reliability models. Faster release of software is achievable by applying the proposed PSO based neural network model during the testing period.

基于PIWT-IPSO-BP的污水厂出水COD含量的预测模型

在农业灌溉的领域中,化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand,COD)的测定是衡量水体中有机物污染程度的一个重要指标。当COD浓度超过60mg/L时,其对土壤质量和农作物的生长产生的负面影响成为不容忽视的问题。这一现象可能会严重影响农作物的产量和质量,进而对农作物生产的可持续性构成挑战。因此,有必要精确预测污水处理厂出水COD浓度的变化趋势,从而促进其在农业灌溉中的有效应用。研究结合了改进的小波变换、改进的粒子群优化(Improved Particle Swarm Optimization,IPSO)算法和反向传播BP(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络作为预测模型。鉴于COD受到众多因素的影响,这些因素之间存在复杂的耦合关系,采用PCA进行特征提取。考虑到数据采集的过程中不可避免的噪声干扰,应用小波降噪对原始数据进行处理,以确保数据质量,提高模型准确性。在此基础上,基于BP神经网络算法构建污水处理厂出水COD的预测模型。为了解决BP神经网络参数选择可能遇到的盲目性问题,引入改进的粒子群算法对模型进行参数优化,以提高预测精度。实验结果表明,提出的PIWT-IPSO-BP模型预测效果良好,其平均绝对误差、均方根误差和决定系数分别为0.222、0.386和0.984。该模型在一定程度上改善了数据噪声、多因子制约等问题,为污水循环利用技术应用于农业灌溉方面提供了参考依据。

Data-based Fault Tolerant Control for Affine Nonlinear Systems Through Particle Swarm Optimized Neural Networks

In this paper, a data-based fault tolerant control(FTC) scheme is investigated for unknown continuous-time(CT)affine nonlinear systems with actuator faults. First, a neural network(NN) identifier based on particle swarm optimization(PSO) is constructed to model the unknown system dynamics. By utilizing the estimated system states, the particle swarm optimized critic neural network(PSOCNN) is employed to solve the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation(HJBE) more efficiently.Then, a data-based FTC scheme, which consists of the NN identifier and the fault compensator, is proposed to achieve actuator fault tolerance. The stability of the closed-loop system under actuator faults is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability theorem. Finally, simulations are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method.

Using particle swarm optimization algorithm in an artificial neural network to forecast the strength of paste filling material

In order to forecast the strength of filling material exactly, the main factors affecting the strength of filling material are analyzed. The model of predicting the strength of filling material was established by applying the theory of artificial neural net- works. Based on cases related to our test data of filling material, the predicted results of the model and measured values are com- pared and analyzed. The results show that the model is feasible and scientifically justified to predict the strength of filling material, which provides a new method for forecasting the strength of filling material for paste filling in coal mines.

Prediction of Flash Point Temperature of Organic Compounds Using a Hybrid Method of Group Contribution ＋ Neural Network ＋ Particle Swarm Optimization

The flash points of organic compounds were estimated using a hybrid method that includes a simple group contribution method (GCM) implemented in an artificial neural network (ANN) with particle swarm optimization (PSO). Different topologies of a multilayer neural network were studied and the optimum architecture was determined. Property data of 350 compounds were used for training the network. To discriminate different substances the molecular structures defined by the concept of the classical group contribution method were given as input variables. The capabilities of the network were tested with 155 substances not considered in the training step. The study shows that the proposed GCM+ANN+PSO method represent an excellent alternative for the estimation of flash points of organic compounds with acceptable accuracy (AARD = 1.8%; AAE = 6.2 K).

A hybrid particle swarm optimization approach with neural network and set pair analysis for transmission network planning

Transmission network planning (TNP) is a large-scale, complex, with more non-linear discrete variables and the multi-objective constrained optimization problem. In the optimization process, the line investment, network reliability and the network loss are the main objective of transmission network planning. Combined with set pair analysis (SPA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), neural network (NN), a hybrid particle swarm optimization model was established with neural network and set pair analysis for transmission network planning (HPNS). Firstly, the contact degree of set pair analysis was introduced, the traditional goal set was converted into the collection of the three indicators including the identity degree, difference agree and contrary degree. On this bases, using shi(H), the three objective optimization problem was converted into single objective optimization problem. Secondly, using the fast and efficient search capabilities of PSO, the transmission network planning model based on set pair analysis was optimized. In the process of optimization, by improving the BP neural network constantly training so that the value of the fitness function of PSO becomes smaller in order to obtain the optimization program fitting the three objectives better. Finally, compared HPNS with PSO algorithm and the classic genetic algorithm, HPNS increased about 23% efficiency than THA, raised about 3.7% than PSO and improved about 2.96% than GA.