Application of DSAPSO Algorithm in Distribution Network Reconfiguration with Distributed Generation

With the current integration of distributed energy resources into the grid,the structure of distribution networks is becoming more complex.This complexity significantly expands the solution space in the optimization process for network reconstruction using intelligent algorithms.Consequently,traditional intelligent algorithms frequently encounter insufficient search accuracy and become trapped in local optima.To tackle this issue,a more advanced particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed.To address the varying emphases at different stages of the optimization process,a dynamic strategy is implemented to regulate the social and self-learning factors.The Metropolis criterion is introduced into the simulated annealing algorithm to occasionally accept suboptimal solutions,thereby mitigating premature convergence in the population optimization process.The inertia weight is adjusted using the logistic mapping technique to maintain a balance between the algorithm’s global and local search abilities.The incorporation of the Pareto principle involves the consideration of network losses and voltage deviations as objective functions.A fuzzy membership function is employed for selecting the results.Simulation analysis is carried out on the restructuring of the distribution network,using the IEEE-33 node system and the IEEE-69 node system as examples,in conjunction with the integration of distributed energy resources.The findings demonstrate that,in comparison to other intelligent optimization algorithms,the proposed enhanced algorithm demonstrates a shorter convergence time and effectively reduces active power losses within the network.Furthermore,it enhances the amplitude of node voltages,thereby improving the stability of distribution network operations and power supply quality.Additionally,the algorithm exhibits a high level of generality and applicability.

Dispersed Wind Power Planning Method Considering Network Loss Correction with Cold Weather

In order to play a positive role of decentralised wind power on-grid for voltage stability improvement and loss reduction of distribution network,a multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power planning method is proposed in the paper,which takes into account the network loss correction for the extreme cold region.Firstly,an electro-thermal model is introduced to reflect the effect of temperature on conductor resistance and to correct the results of active network loss calculation;secondly,a two-stage multi-objective two-stage decentralised wind power siting and capacity allocation and reactive voltage optimisation control model is constructed to take account of the network loss correction,and the multi-objective multi-planning model is established in the first stage to consider the whole-life cycle investment cost of WTGs,the system operating cost and the voltage quality of power supply,and the multi-objective planning model is established in the second stage.planning model,and the second stage further develops the reactive voltage control strategy of WTGs on this basis,and obtains the distribution network loss reduction method based on WTG siting and capacity allocation and reactive power control strategy.Finally,the optimal configuration scheme is solved by the manta ray foraging optimisation(MRFO)algorithm,and the loss of each branch line and bus loss of the distribution network before and after the adoption of this loss reduction method is calculated by taking the IEEE33 distribution system as an example,which verifies the practicability and validity of the proposed method,and provides a reference introduction for decision-making for the distributed energy planning of the distribution network.

Using Audiometric Data to Weigh and Prioritize Factors that Affect Workers’ Hearing Loss through Support Vector Machine (SVM) Algorithm

Workers’exposure to excessive noise is a big universal work-related challenges.One of the major consequences of exposure to noise is permanent or transient hearing loss.The current study sought to utilize audiometric data to weigh and prioritize the factors affecting workers’hearing loss based using the Support Vector Machine(SVM)algorithm.This cross sectional-descriptive study was conducted in 2017 in a mining industry in southeast Iran.The participating workers(n=150)were divided into three groups of 50 based on the sound pressure level to which they were exposed(two experimental groups and one control group).Audiometric tests were carried out for all members of each group.The study generally entailed the following steps:(1)selecting predicting variables to weigh and prioritize factors affecting hearing loss;(2)conducting audiometric tests and assessing permanent hearing loss in each ear and then evaluating total hearing loss;(3)categorizing different types of hearing loss;(4)weighing and prioritizing factors that affect hearing loss based on the SVM algorithm;and(5)assessing the error rate and accuracy of the models.The collected data were fed into SPSS 18,followed by conducting linear regression and paired samples t-test.It was revealed that,in the first model(SPL<70 dBA),the frequency of 8 KHz had the greatest impact(with a weight of 33%),while noise had the smallest influence(with a weight of 5%).The accuracy of this model was 100%.In the second model(70<SPL<80 dBA),the frequency of 4 KHz had the most profound effect(with a weight of 21%),whereas the frequency of 250 Hz had the lowest impact(with a weight of 6%).The accuracy of this model was 100%too.In the third model(SPL>85 dBA),the frequency of 4 KHz had the highest impact(with a weight of 22%),while the frequency of 250 Hz had the smallest influence(with a weight of 3%).The accuracy of this model was 100%too.In the fourth model,the frequency of 4 KHz had the greatest effect(with a weight of 24%),while the frequency of 500 Hz had the smallest effect(with a weight of 4%).The accuracy of this model was found to be 94%.According to the modeling conducted using the SVM algorithm,the frequency of 4 KHz has the most profound effect on predicting changes in hearing loss.Given the high accuracy of the obtained model,this algorithm is an appropriate and powerful tool to predict and model hearing loss.

Fuzzy-GA based algorithm for optimal placement and sizing of distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM) for loss reduction of distribution network considering reconfiguration

This work presents a fuzzy based methodology for distribution system feeder reconfiguration considering DSTATCOM with an objective of minimizing real power loss and operating cost. Installation costs of DSTATCOM devices and the cost of system operation, namely, energy loss cost due to both reconfiguration and DSTATCOM placement, are combined to form the objective function to be minimized. The distribution system tie switches, DSTATCOM location and size have been optimally determined to obtain an appropriate operational condition. In the proposed approach, the fuzzy membership function of loss sensitivity is used for the selection of weak nodes in the power system for the placement of DSTATCOM and the optimal parameter settings of the DFACTS device along with optimal selection of tie switches in reconfiguration process are governed by genetic algorithm(GA). Simulation results on IEEE 33-bus and IEEE 69-bus test systems concluded that the combinatorial method using DSTATCOM and reconfiguration is preferable to reduce power losses to 34.44% for 33-bus system and to 45.43% for 69-bus system.

Ship Weather Routing Based on Hybrid Genetic Algorithm Under Complicated Sea Conditions

Considering the effects of increased economic globalization and global warming,developing methods for reducing shipping costs and greenhouse gas emissions in ocean transportation has become crucial.Owing to its key role in modern navigation technology,ship weather routing is the research focus of several scholars in this field.This study presents a hybrid genetic algorithm for the design of an optimal ship route for safe transoceanic navigation under complicated sea conditions.On the basis of the basic genetic algorithm,simulated annealing algorithm is introduced to enhance its local search ability and avoid premature convergence,with the ship’s voyage time and fuel consumption as optimization goals.Then,a mathematical model of ship weather routing is developed based on the grid system.A measure of fitness calibration is proposed,which can change the selection pressure of the algorithm as the population evolves.In addition,a hybrid crossover operator is proposed to enhance the ability to find the optimal solution and accelerate the convergence speed of the algorithm.Finally,a multi-population technique is applied to improve the robustness of the algorithm using different evolutionary strategies.

Identification Method for Users-Transformer Relationship in Station Area Based on Local Selective Combination in Parallel Outlier Ensembles Algorithm

In the power distribution system,the missing or incorrect file of users-transformer relationship(UTR)in lowvoltage station area(LVSA)will affect the leanmanagement of the LVSA,and the operation andmaintenance of the distribution network.To effectively improve the lean management of LVSA,the paper proposes an identification method for the UTR based on Local Selective Combination in ParallelOutlier Ensembles algorithm(LSCP).Firstly,the voltage data is reconstructed based on the information entropy to highlight the differences in between.Then,the LSCP algorithmcombines four base outlier detection algorithms,namely Isolation Forest(I-Forest),One-Class Support VectorMachine(OC-SVM),Copula-Based Outlier Detection(COPOD)and Local Outlier Factor(LOF),to construct the identification model of UTR.This model can accurately detect users’differences in voltage data,and identify users with wrong UTR.Meanwhile,the key input parameter of the LSCP algorithm is determined automatically through the line loss rate,and the influence of artificial settings on recognition accuracy can be reduced.Finally,thismethod is verified in the actual LVSA where the recall and precision rates are 100%compared with othermethods.Furthermore,the applicability to the LVSAs with difficult data acquisition and the voltage data error in transmission are analyzed.The proposed method adopts the ensemble learning framework and does not need to set the detection threshold manually.And it is applicable to the LVSAs with difficult data acquisition and high voltage similarity,which improves the stability and accuracy of UTR identification in LVSA.

Distributed Generators Location and Capacity Effect on Voltage Profile Improvement and Power Losses Reduction Using Genetic Algorithm

This paper presents a powerful approach to find the optimal size and location of distributed generation units in a distribution system using GA （Genetic Optimization algorithm）. It is proved that GA method is fast and easy tool to enable the planners to select accurate and the optimum size of generators to improve the system voltage profile in addition to reduce the active and reactive power loss. GA fitness function is introduced including the active power losses, reactive power losses and the cumulative voltage deviation variables with selecting weight of each variable. GA fitness function is subjected to voltage constraints, active and reactive power losses constraints and DG size constraint.

基于改进YOLOv5s的小目标检测算法

针对当前主流目标检测算法对图像中远距离小目标产生的漏检、误检等问题,提出一种改进YOLOv5s的小目标检测算法。在模型训练过程中,通过引入Focal-EIOU定位损失函数,加强边界框的定位精度;在骨干网络中,通过添加小目标检测层,提高小目标的检测精度;在Neck结构中,通过优化上采样算子和添加注意力机制,加强小目标的特征信息。实验结果表明,改进后的算法在VisDrone数据集上与YOLOv5s算法相比,mAP@small提高了3.2%,且检测速度满足实时性的要求,能够很好地应用于小目标检测任务中。

基于改进YOLOv5s的着装不规范检测算法研究

针对餐饮后厨工作人员着装不规范,在复杂背景下采用现有算法检测精度低且易出现误检、漏检等问题,提出一种基于YOLOv5s的着装规范检测改进算法YOLOv5s-ESW。首先,在主干网络引入新型多尺度注意力机制改进C3模块,增强网络的特征提取能力;其次,在颈部网络中采用空间和通道重建卷积模块(SCConv)替换原始网络中的卷积模块(Conv),减少模型参数冗余,同时提升模型的精度;最后,在预测部分引入WIoU损失函数更换CIoU损失函数,提高模型泛化能力,加快收敛速度。将改进算法应用到自建餐饮后厨工作人员着装数据集中进行实验,实验表明,改进后的模型检测平均精度提升了4.1%,参数量减少了11.4%。该模型在提高了检测精度的同时降低了网络复杂度,能够满足餐饮后厨工作人员的着装规范检测的要求。

基于改进FWA的配电网优化重构方法研究

针对配电网重构问题,以降低网络损耗、提高节点电压为目标,建立了配电网重构模型,提出了一种解决配电网重构问题的改进烟花算法(firework algorithm,FWA)。算法使用环路编码压缩解空间,提高求解效率。基于核心烟花给出了火花爆炸幅度的计算方法,采用高斯和均匀分布均值混合的变异方式以及精英选择策略,提高解的多样性、搜索效率和收敛速度。为了验证所提算法的适用性和正确性,在IEEE33和IEEE69节点系统上进行了算法测试,结果表明,重构后的网络损耗明显降低,节点电压得到提高,所提算法具有较好的鲁棒性。将所提算法与其他算法进行比较,结果表明,所提算法在降低网络损耗、提高节点电压、求解效率等方面均优于其他算法。

基于改进YOLO算法的无人机图像草原火灾检测研究

草原火灾一旦发生,受风力、地势等因素的影响迅速向四周无规则蔓延,形成面积不断扩大的条状燃烧带。为了提高草原火灾检测效率,结合无人机拍摄草原火灾的图像特征,研究基于改进YOLO算法的草原火灾检测方法。首先,针对火灾区域狭长、火灾区域占比小的特点,对YOLO算法的Neck部分进行优化,提出一种具有全链接结构的特征提取网络FC-FP Neck,使语义特征和定位特征充分融合,提高网络的特征提取能力;其次,结合阈值分割技术提出一种改进的自适应加权损失函数,提升模型的收敛速度,同时解决火灾检测敏感度不足,容易造成误检的问题。在公开小目标检测数据集AI-TOD上测试改进算法的可行性,平均准确率提高了7.28%,平均精度提高了12.46%;在自建草原火灾数据集上平均精度达到了90.24%,平均准确率达到了87.33%。实验表明改进后的算法提高了草原火灾检测效率。

CoT-YOLO水下目标检测算法

水下检测由于背景复杂、光线暗淡、目标遮挡重叠等问题导致检测精度较低,提出一种CoT-YOLO水下目标检测算法提高检测精度。使用YOLOv5s作为基础模型,构建注重上下文信息的卷积神经网络,充分利用特征信息,增强全局特征表达能力,解决模型漏检、误检问题;改用解耦头,加快收敛速度;增添新的检测层并重获先验框,增强模型对小目标的检测能力,提高水下小目标检测效果;采用EIoU损失函数提高目标边界框的定位与回归。实验结果表明,改进后算法精确度达到77.9%,相较于基线提升了3.7%,mAP提升了5.2%,验证了该方法的有效性。

基于双通道生成对抗网络的城市用电负荷缺失数据补全方法

用电负荷数据的完整性与有效性在负荷预测等应用中具有重要意义。传统的缺失数据补全方法缺乏对用电负荷和多种外部时空关联信息的挖掘,难以获得高精度的补全结果。文中提出了一种双通道生成对抗网络,对缺失的负荷数据进行补全。首先,根据负荷的周期性变化特征和时空关联性构建三阶负荷张量,并将影响负荷变化的多种外部因素构建为三阶辅助信息张量。然后,为满足两种张量的双输入需求,在生成对抗网络的输入层引入双通道机制,通过卷积与反卷积运算提取张量的特征;为提升网络对张量数据的训练效果和补全精度,将张量分解损失引入原始损失函数,并采用改进的混沌映射粒子群优化算法联合优化超参数和网络。最后,在真实负荷数据集上开展数据补全实验。结果表明,所提方法能够对随机缺失率不超过50%、连续缺失不超过3天的负荷数据进行准确补全。

行人重识别模型的多任务损失设计

行人重识别是一项利用计算机视觉技术判断图像中是否存在特定行人的任务。为研究Re-ID模型使用身份标签不能有效地学习不同行人之间的相似局部外观问题,提出了一种基于多任务损失的Re-ID方法。首先,通过主干网络提取全局特征以及局部特征,借助姿态估计算法检测行人身体部位,将身体部位的特征与局部特征组进行融合形成人体姿态引导特征;其次,通过多任务损失方法指导模型对人体姿态引导特征以及全局特征进行优化,从而增强模型对遮挡以及不具有区分性局部外观的鲁棒性。结果表明:多任务损失方法在Occluded-Duke、Market 1501和DukeMTMC-reID数据集上的mAP/Rank-1的精度分别达到了59.7%/67.9%,88.4%/94.9%和80.6%/89.9%。为避免训练集与测试集数据之间分布的差异性导致预训练模型产生次优检索结果的问题,提出了一种基于图卷积网络的重排序方法,该方法利用图卷积算子在图上将行人的最近邻特征传播,从而优化了每个图像的表示,以获得更优的检索结果。

面向密集场景的多目标车辆检测算法

目标检测可为自动驾驶车辆提供附近目标的位置、大小和类别,但是密集场景中多目标检测仍然存在漏检、误检问题,为此该文提出了一种AD-YOLOv5车辆检测模型。首先,利用轻量型结构CBAM注意力机制对特征提取网络中的C3模块进行了优化得到C-C3模块,提高了对特征信息的获取能力,降低了对其他特征的关注度;其次,在检测头部分对分类和回归任务进行解耦,以实现更强的特征表达;然后,利用广义幂变换对IoU进行转换操作,提出鲁棒性更好的Alpha-IoU损失函数,提升了模型的检测精度并加快模型的收敛速度;最后,采用GridMask数据增强技术,增加了样本的复杂性,并在处理后的数据集上进行了实验。实验结果表明,改进后的目标检测模型的平均精度均值达到72.72%,与原YOLOv5模型相比提高了2.25%,且模型具有较高的收敛速度,通过可视化对比实验,直观展示了本文模型在密集场景能有效避免误检、漏检现象。

基于磁耦合谐振的多自由度电机无线电能传输

针对多自由度电机无线电能传输中传输效率较低的问题,提出基于磁耦合谐振的多自由度电机无线电能传输方法。该方法根据共振原理构建磁耦合谐振式无线电能传输模型,通过反射系数描述阻抗匹配状态,获取最佳负载阻抗;采用混沌优化算法优化电机线圈损耗率,实现多自由度电机无线电能传输优化。实验结果表明,应用该方法后,多自由度电机的电能输出功率达到了893 W,传输效率提升了0.10以上,提高了电能输出功率和传输效率,方法有效,具备可行性。

基于无线传播环境的无蜂窝大规模MIMO系统接入点部署优化

无蜂窝大规模多输入多输出(MIMO)系统通过在覆盖区域内部署大量的接入点(AP),可以为用户提供均匀、可靠的服务。传统的无蜂窝大规模MIMO系统采用随机部署,未考虑AP周围的路径损耗、阴影衰落散射物以及环境遮挡对覆盖质量的影响。为了考虑实际环境下无蜂窝大规模MIMO能实现均匀、一致的覆盖,提出了基于无线传播环境的AP部署方案。首先,通过混合概率路径损耗模型对无线传播环境进行表征,其次构建了以最大化平均吞吐量为目标的AP部署优化问题,最后将问题转化为马尔可夫博弈过程,并且基于多智能体深度确定性策略梯度(MADDPG)算法得出最优的AP部署策略。仿真结果表明,相比于传统的随机部署和现有AP部署策略,所提方案可明显改善复杂环境下的非均匀覆盖问题,为用户提供良好一致的均匀覆盖。

考虑动态需求的生鲜商品物流配送优化方法研究

目的针对生鲜商品配送过程中客户需求的变化,协调静态与动态客户需求之间的关系,合理规划路径,并降低物流总成本。方法首先考虑客户生鲜需求的多样化温控区间、随机订单请求时间及动态需求量等因素,构建物流总成本最小化的整数规划模型。然后,设计基于高斯混合聚类的改进蚁群算法求解该模型,并提出动态需求处理策略,用于路径的再优化。其次,通过与粒子群算法、遗传算法和鲸鱼优化算法进行对比分析,验证文中设计算法的有效性。最后,以重庆市某生鲜配送网络为例,对比分析优化前后的运营指标,并探讨生鲜商品价值损失水平与物流总成本之间的关系。结果经优化后,物流总成本下降了22.35%,其中惩罚成本、价值损失、配送成本和温控成本分别下降了39.84%、61.84%、29.80%、57.00%。结论文中所提的模型、算法和动态需求处理策略可以合理规划配送路径,有效降低了总成本,为考虑动态需求的生鲜配送网络优化提供了参考。

HGU用户侧接口流量信息传输方法仿真

由于连接不同用户的侧接口过多,导致接口流量信息分配不均衡,造成信息传输时长较长、丢包率高等问题。为解决上述问题,提出HGU用户侧接口流量信息传输方法。通过对家庭网关单元(Home Gateway Unit,HGU)用户侧接口构建无向图和冲突图,确定流量信息传输距离以及各传输链路之间是否互相干扰;以链路流量模型为基础构建业务模型,得到传输链路负载率;在粒子群优化算法中,利用适应度函数更新粒子的位置坐标,实现合理分配网络流量,实现最大效率的传输。实验结果表明,所提方法网络时延始终保持在0.10s以下,整体丢包率控制在30%-45%之间,且具有较高的吞吐量。

基于字符和词特征融合的恶意域名检测

针对现有恶意域名检测方法对域名生成算法(domain generation algorithm, DGA)随机产生的恶意域名检测性能不高,且对由随机单词组成的恶意域名检测效果较差的问题,提出一种基于字符和词特征融合的恶意域名检测算法(cha-racter and word network, CWNet)。利用并行卷积神经网络分别提取域名中字符和词的特征;将两种特征进行拼接,构造成融合特征;利用Softmax函数实现合法域名与恶意域名的检测。实验结果表明,该算法可以提升对恶意域名的检测能力,对更具挑战性的恶意域名家族的检测准确率提升效果更为明显。