Given the complex clinical situations and the dynamic nature of nursing, the greatest challenge for nursing educators is performing objective evaluation of students’ clinical competence. The Objective Structured Clin...Given the complex clinical situations and the dynamic nature of nursing, the greatest challenge for nursing educators is performing objective evaluation of students’ clinical competence. The Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation (OSCE) is designed to address this challenge and it has been widely used in nursing education. However, its implementation in nursing education in Taiwan has been limited. Accordingly, a quasi-experimental design was utilized to examine students’ clinical performance and stress levels using a 12-station OSCE assessment. Further, we investigated the inter-rater reliability and internal consistency of the OSCE. After controlling for scores of clinical performance, overall differences in pre- and post-practicum stress in the OSCE group were significantly higher than in the control group (F (1, 89) = 4.89, p = 0.03). There was no group effect on practicum performance after controlling for grade point average (F (1, 89) = 2.69, p = 0.14). Cronbach’s alpha for 12 OSCE stations ranged from 0.22 to 0.80 and inter-rater reliability for all 12 stations showed Pearson’s r ranging between 0.76 and 1.00. Cohen’s kappa ranged from 0.70 to 1.00展开更多
RN-to-BSN nursing programs fulfill a needed link to the BSN degree for nurses who hold associate or diploma degrees. Although enrollment rates are currently on the rise for all nursing programs retention remains an is...RN-to-BSN nursing programs fulfill a needed link to the BSN degree for nurses who hold associate or diploma degrees. Although enrollment rates are currently on the rise for all nursing programs retention remains an issue. Improving retention in nursing education, particularly RN-to-BSN programs, will help meet the demands for increasing numbers of BSN-educated nurses. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that restricted or promoted retention among RN-to-BSN students and examine if there was a difference in the measure of these factors between a group of senior students and junior students. Jeffreys’ (2004) nursing undergraduate retention and success (NURS) model, a conceptual framework, was used to guide the study. A non-experimental, descriptive, comparison design was used. This study was a replication of Jeffreys’ (2007) study utilizing a different population of RN-to-BSN students. Analysis was completed by descriptive techniques, and comparisons were made using independent t-tests. No significance was found between junior status students and senior status students for five factors of retention. Although all of the factors were found to be supportive, environmental factors were the least supportive and support from family and friends was found to the most supportive. More studies are needed focused on the RN-to-BSN student population to validate the findings of this study related to factors that restrict and support retention among this population so strategies can be developed to address the issues.展开更多
联盟链技术是我国区块链发展和应用的主阵地.传统联盟链应用存在底层技术平台异构、应用技术门槛高、成链成本大、运维监管难等瓶颈问题,限制了区块链技术与应用发展.提出一种区块链公用基础设施——区块链服务网络(blockchain-based se...联盟链技术是我国区块链发展和应用的主阵地.传统联盟链应用存在底层技术平台异构、应用技术门槛高、成链成本大、运维监管难等瓶颈问题,限制了区块链技术与应用发展.提出一种区块链公用基础设施——区块链服务网络(blockchain-based service network,BSN)的构建机理,阐述BSN的技术架构和实现机制.BSN已于2020年4月在中国正式商用,能够显著降低区块链开发、部署、运维、互通和监管成本,有利于区块链技术向企业、政府、行业等领域推广应用,为我国新型智慧城市建设和数字经济发展提供了可信可控的公用基础设施和服务载体.展开更多
In the Internet of Things(IoT)system,relay communication is widely used to solve the problem of energy loss in long-distance transmission and improve transmission efficiency.In Body Sensor Network(BSN)systems,biosenso...In the Internet of Things(IoT)system,relay communication is widely used to solve the problem of energy loss in long-distance transmission and improve transmission efficiency.In Body Sensor Network(BSN)systems,biosensors communicate with receiving devices through relay nodes to improve their limited energy efficiency.When the relay node fails,the biosensor can communicate directly with the receiving device by releasing more transmitting power.However,if the remaining battery power of the biosensor is insufficient to enable it to communicate directly with the receiving device,the biosensor will be isolated by the system.Therefore,a new combinatorial analysis method is proposed to analyze the influence of random isolation time(RIT)on system reliability,and the competition relationship between biosensor isolation and propagation failure is considered.This approach inherits the advantages of common combinatorial algorithms and provides a new approach to effectively address the impact of RIT on system reliability in IoT systems,which are affected by competing failures.Finally,the method is applied to the BSN system,and the effect of RIT on the system reliability is analyzed in detail.展开更多
文摘Given the complex clinical situations and the dynamic nature of nursing, the greatest challenge for nursing educators is performing objective evaluation of students’ clinical competence. The Objective Structured Clinical Evaluation (OSCE) is designed to address this challenge and it has been widely used in nursing education. However, its implementation in nursing education in Taiwan has been limited. Accordingly, a quasi-experimental design was utilized to examine students’ clinical performance and stress levels using a 12-station OSCE assessment. Further, we investigated the inter-rater reliability and internal consistency of the OSCE. After controlling for scores of clinical performance, overall differences in pre- and post-practicum stress in the OSCE group were significantly higher than in the control group (F (1, 89) = 4.89, p = 0.03). There was no group effect on practicum performance after controlling for grade point average (F (1, 89) = 2.69, p = 0.14). Cronbach’s alpha for 12 OSCE stations ranged from 0.22 to 0.80 and inter-rater reliability for all 12 stations showed Pearson’s r ranging between 0.76 and 1.00. Cohen’s kappa ranged from 0.70 to 1.00
文摘RN-to-BSN nursing programs fulfill a needed link to the BSN degree for nurses who hold associate or diploma degrees. Although enrollment rates are currently on the rise for all nursing programs retention remains an issue. Improving retention in nursing education, particularly RN-to-BSN programs, will help meet the demands for increasing numbers of BSN-educated nurses. The purpose of this study was to describe factors that restricted or promoted retention among RN-to-BSN students and examine if there was a difference in the measure of these factors between a group of senior students and junior students. Jeffreys’ (2004) nursing undergraduate retention and success (NURS) model, a conceptual framework, was used to guide the study. A non-experimental, descriptive, comparison design was used. This study was a replication of Jeffreys’ (2007) study utilizing a different population of RN-to-BSN students. Analysis was completed by descriptive techniques, and comparisons were made using independent t-tests. No significance was found between junior status students and senior status students for five factors of retention. Although all of the factors were found to be supportive, environmental factors were the least supportive and support from family and friends was found to the most supportive. More studies are needed focused on the RN-to-BSN student population to validate the findings of this study related to factors that restrict and support retention among this population so strategies can be developed to address the issues.
文摘联盟链技术是我国区块链发展和应用的主阵地.传统联盟链应用存在底层技术平台异构、应用技术门槛高、成链成本大、运维监管难等瓶颈问题,限制了区块链技术与应用发展.提出一种区块链公用基础设施——区块链服务网络(blockchain-based service network,BSN)的构建机理,阐述BSN的技术架构和实现机制.BSN已于2020年4月在中国正式商用,能够显著降低区块链开发、部署、运维、互通和监管成本,有利于区块链技术向企业、政府、行业等领域推广应用,为我国新型智慧城市建设和数字经济发展提供了可信可控的公用基础设施和服务载体.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(GrantNo.62172058)the Hunan ProvincialNatural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.2022JJ10052,2022JJ30624).
文摘In the Internet of Things(IoT)system,relay communication is widely used to solve the problem of energy loss in long-distance transmission and improve transmission efficiency.In Body Sensor Network(BSN)systems,biosensors communicate with receiving devices through relay nodes to improve their limited energy efficiency.When the relay node fails,the biosensor can communicate directly with the receiving device by releasing more transmitting power.However,if the remaining battery power of the biosensor is insufficient to enable it to communicate directly with the receiving device,the biosensor will be isolated by the system.Therefore,a new combinatorial analysis method is proposed to analyze the influence of random isolation time(RIT)on system reliability,and the competition relationship between biosensor isolation and propagation failure is considered.This approach inherits the advantages of common combinatorial algorithms and provides a new approach to effectively address the impact of RIT on system reliability in IoT systems,which are affected by competing failures.Finally,the method is applied to the BSN system,and the effect of RIT on the system reliability is analyzed in detail.
