Analysis of TOPSIS techniques based on bipolar complex fuzzy N-soft setting and their applications in decision-making problems

A novel model termed a bipolar complex fuzzy N-soft set(BCFN-SS)is initiated for tackling information that involves positive and negative aspects,the second dimension,and parameterised grading simultaneously.The theory of BCFN-SS is the generalisation of two various theories,that is,bipolar complex fuzzy(BCF)and N-SS.The invented model of BCFN-SS helps decision-makers to cope with the genuine-life dilemmas containing BCF information along with parameterised grading at the same time.Further,various algebraic operations,including the usual type of union,intersection,complements,and a few others types,are invented.Certain primary operational laws for BCFNSS are also invented.Moreover,a technique for order preference by similarity to the ideal solution(TOPSIS)approach is devised in the setting of BCFN-SS for managing strategic decision-making(DM)dilemmas containing BCFN-SS information.Keeping in mind the usefulness and benefits of the TOPSIS approach,two various types of TOPSIS approaches in the environment of BCFN-SS are devised and then a numerical example for exposing the usefulness of the devised TOPSIS approach is interpreted.To disclose the prominence and benefits of the devised work,the devised approaches with numerous prevailing work are compared.

PYRAMIDAL MULTIPHASE LEVEL SET FRAMEWORK FOR BRAIN TUMOR DETECTION USING GENERALIZED TECHNIQUE OF PAINTING BACKGROUND

The pyramidal multiphase level set framework （PMLSF） based on the technique of painting background （TPBG） and the Chan-Vese model can detect multiple objects on a given image. However, the boundaries of the sub-object obtained by PMLSF-TPBG are not variable since a specialcolor parameter is used in TPBG. To solve the problem, a new technique utilizing a varying parameter is proposed to ensure that PMLSF is effective for the detection of the desired boundaries of the sub-object. The interval of the variable color parameter is proved and the effects of the parameter are also discussed. Experimental results for the brain tumor detection show that different boundaries of the brain tumors can be detected with different color parameters. It is especially useful for clinical diagnoses.

Testing the Setting and Hardening of Concrete Using the Prism Technique

In non-destructive testing of concrete, the ultrasonic pulse-echo technique has proven to be a reliable method for locating cracks and other internal defects. An electro-mechanical transducer is used to generate a short pulse of ultrasonic stress waves that propagate into the object being inspected. Reflection of the stress pulse occurs at boundaries separating materials with different densities and elastic properties. The reflected pulse travels back to the transducer that also acts as a receiver. The received signal can give many insights to the properties of materials under test. The question arises how the setting and hardening of cement paste, mortar, and concrete can be measured continuously. Continuous measurement asks for non-destructive methods. The current testing method such as the vicat needle for cement paste and penetration resistance test for concrete methods measure at intervals. These methods can be applied before the end of setting. All these methods do not allow continuous measurements and axe partly destructive In this paper a special pulse-echo technique called ＂prism technique＂ is used to evaluate the evolution of proprieties of concrete over time. For that, an automatic system has been developed with LabVIEW program in order to monitor the time of flight of the reflected p-wave. Two mixtures of mortar are made using different proportions, of water, cement, and sand. The mortar is poured into a mould that has a form of a prism. Measurements are taken every 10 minutes over a period of 24 hours. This enabled us to plot the evolution of p-wave velocities over time for the samples and compare the results.

浮针结合SET技术治疗腰背肌筋膜炎临床观察

目的:观察浮针结合SET技术(悬吊运动)治疗腰背肌筋膜炎疗效并探究其作用机理。方法:选取腰背肌筋膜炎患者90例,应用随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组(各45例),治疗组应用浮针结合SET技术进行治疗;对照组单纯采用浮针治疗,于治疗前、后,采用简化McGill量表和功能障碍评价量表(Roland-Morris)对两组进行评定比较,并于1月后回访患者统计复发率。结果:治疗2周后,两组的疼痛及功能障碍评分较治疗前均有改善(P<0.05),且治疗组优于对照组(P<0.05);治疗组和对照组的有效率分别为93.33%和88.89%,治疗组优于对照组;整个研究期间,90例患者均未出现不良反应。结论:浮针结合SET技术可显著改善腰背肌筋膜炎患者的疼痛及功能障碍,疗效优于对照组,并可显著降低本病的复发率。

A subspace expanding technique for global zero finding of multi-degree-of-freedom nonlinear systems

A subspace expanding technique(SET) is proposed to efficiently discover and find all zeros of nonlinear functions in multi-degree-of-freedom(MDOF) engineering systems by discretizing the space into smaller subdomains, which are called cells. The covering set of the cells is identified by parallel calculations with the root bracketing method. The covering set can be found first in a low-dimensional subspace, and then gradually extended to higher dimensional spaces with the introduction of more equations and variables into the calculations. The results show that the proposed SET is highlyefficient for finding zeros in high-dimensional spaces. The subdivision technique of the cell mapping method is further used to refine the covering set, and the obtained numerical results of zeros are accurate. Three examples are further carried out to verify the applicability of the proposed method, and very good results are achieved. It is believed that the proposed method will significantly enhance the ability to study the stability, bifurcation,and optimization problems in complex MDOF nonlinear dynamic systems.

Two-Sided Matching Decision Making with Multi-Attribute Probabilistic Hesitant Fuzzy Sets

In previous research on two-sided matching(TSM)decision,agents’preferences were often given in the form of exact values of ordinal numbers and linguistic phrase term sets.Nowdays,the matching agent cannot perform the exact evaluation in the TSM situations due to the great fuzziness of human thought and the complexity of reality.Probability hesitant fuzzy sets,however,have grown in popularity due to their advantages in communicating complex information.Therefore,this paper develops a TSM decision-making approach with multi-attribute probability hesitant fuzzy sets and unknown attribute weight information.The agent attribute weight vector should be obtained by using the maximum deviation method and Hamming distance.The probabilistic hesitancy fuzzy information matrix of each agent is then arranged to determine the comprehensive evaluation of two matching agent sets.The agent satisfaction degree is calculated using the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution(TOPSIS).Additionally,the multi-object programming technique is used to establish a TSM method with the objective of maximizing the agent satisfaction of two-sided agents,and the matching schemes are then established by solving the built model.The study concludes by providing a real-world supply-demand scenario to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.The proposed method is more flexible than prior research since it expresses evaluation information using probability hesitating fuzzy sets and can be used in scenarios when attribute weight information is unclear.

中医理筋正骨手法配合Ponseti方法治疗低龄小儿先天性马蹄内翻足临床观察

目的:研究中医理筋正骨手法配合Ponseti方法治疗低龄小儿先天性马蹄内翻足的临床疗效。方法:将60例诊断为低龄小儿先天性马蹄内翻足患儿,随机分为观察组和对照组,各30例。观察组采用中医理筋正骨手法配合Ponseti方法治疗,对照组单用Ponseti方法治疗。观察和比较2组患儿的踝关节被动跖屈度、跟腱延长长度和临床疗效。结果:治疗后3、6、12、24个月,2组患儿的踝关节跖屈度、跟腱延长长度较治疗前明显改善(P<0.05),且观察组改善效果优于对照组(P<0.05)。2组在各时间段均具有临床疗效,且观察组均优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:采用中医理筋正骨手法配合Ponseti方法治疗低龄小儿先天性马蹄内翻足,能够延长患足跟腱长度,增大患足跖屈度,矫正马蹄内翻畸形,疗效显著,值得临床推广。

岐黄针联合朱氏正骨手法对腰椎间盘突出症患者急性疼痛和腰椎功能的影响

目的:探讨岐黄针联合朱氏正骨手法对腰椎间盘突出症患者急性疼痛和腰椎功能的影响。方法:选择2020年8月—2023年8月本院收治的100例腰椎间盘突出症患者,随机将患者分为两组。对照组50例采用朱氏正骨手法治疗,观察组50例采用朱氏正骨手法和岐黄针治疗。比较两组疗效,疼痛程度、腰椎功能、生活质量、血清疼痛物质和炎症指标差异。结果:观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组治疗后疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、ODI评分、血清P物质(SP)、神经肽Y(NPY)及神经生长因子(NGF)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平较治疗前降低(P<0.05),简明健康问卷(SF-36)评分、JOA评分、屈曲、伸展和侧屈活动度较治疗前增高(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后VAS评分、ODI评分、血清SP、NPY、NGF、IL-1β、IL-6及TNF-α水平低于对照组(P<0.05),SF-36评分、JOA评分、屈曲、伸展和侧屈活动度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:岐黄针联合朱氏正骨手法治疗腰椎间盘突出症可更显著改善疼痛症状,腰椎功能和生活质量,提高临床疗效。

忻府“山西八大套”及其音乐特征研究

半个多世纪以来,很多学者曾对山西八大套进行过探讨,相关研究涉及乐种、乐谱、宫调、音乐形态、文化传承等方面,已有研究对于人们认识山西八大套具有非常重要的作用。事实上,山西八大套的演奏场合在赵成贵逝世前后并不相同,从私家乐坊转向了民间乐事活动,忻府“山西八大套”就是在后一种演奏场合中传承下来的。“忻州八音艺术团”是当前山西地区能够完整演奏山西八大套的唯一班社,该文以“忻州八音艺术团”演奏的忻府“山西八大套”为主要研究对象,对其在曲体结构、宫调、旋法等音乐形态上的特征进行分析,探讨忻府“山西八大套”所具有的个性音乐特征问题。

正骨手法结合经皮椎体成形术与单纯经皮椎体后凸成形术治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的临床研究

目的:探讨正骨手法结合经皮椎体成形术(percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP)与单纯经皮椎体后凸成形术(percutaneous kyphoplasty,PKP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures,OVCFs)的临床疗效。方法:回顾性分析2021年1月至2022年6月收治的80例单节段OVCFs患者的临床资料,根据手术方式不同分为治疗组和对照组,每组40例。治疗组男24例,女16例;年龄60~83(70.43±7.31)岁;骨密度-3.30~-2.50(-2.84±0.24)SD;T101例,T114例,T1211例,L17例,L27例,L35例,L43例,L52例;采用正骨手法结合PVP治疗。对照组男27例,女13例;年龄60~82(68.98±6.94)岁;骨密度-3.40~-2.50(-2.76±0.23)SD;T102例,T113例,T1213例,L111例,L25例,L33例,L42例,L51例;单纯PKP手术治疗。比较两组术前、术后3 d及术后3、12个月的疼痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、腰椎Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI);并比较两组术前、术后3 d及术后12个月伤椎局部后凸角、椎体楔形角和椎体前缘高度比的变化情况。结果:两组患者均顺利完成手术。两组均获得随访,治疗组随访时间13~22(16.82±2.14)个月,对照组随访时间13~23(16.45±2.56)个月。治疗组3例术中出现骨水泥渗漏;对照组1例术中出现骨水泥渗漏、1例术后出现下肢皮肤感觉障碍;两组并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术前VAS、ODI比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后3 d,治疗组VAS(3.68±0.62)分与对照组(4.00±0.72)分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组术后3、12个月VAS、ODI比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。两组术后3 d及术后12个月局部后凸角、椎体楔形角、椎体前缘高度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:正骨手法结合PVP治疗OVCFs相对于单纯PKP在术后早期疼痛缓解方面更具有优势;在椎体高度恢复方面,正骨手法结合PVP与单纯PKP疗效相近。

MULTI-PHASE ACTIVE CONTOUR MODEL FOR IMAGE SEGMENTATION BASED ON LEVEL SETS

A new multi-phase active contour model is proposed for the image segmentation. It is a generalization of the C-V model with the following characteristics： （1） A key technique, called the technique of painting background （TPBG）, is developed to remove the information of the background, which blocks the detection of weak boundaries in the object; （2） The two-phase level set is applied multiple times for getting the multi-phase segmentation model （n-1 times for the n-phase model, n〉1）; （3） A scaling-based method is introduced to improve the basic model. Experimental results show that the proposed model is effective for detecting weak boundaries.

Level set函数快速步进重构并行算法的改进

为提高level set函数快速步进重构过程的并行计算效率,本文提出一种改进的分区并行重构算法。与原有分区并行算法相比,优化了子区域间的同步方案,缩短了level set函数并行重构的计算时间。运用OpenMP多线程技术,建立了相应的并行计算模型,实现了圆球、圆环管和哑铃等值面并行重构。并行重构数值结果表明:只要子区域均分初始表面边界,level set函数全局或局部并行重构均具有良好加速比,8线程的最大加速比可接近6。

基于双采样随机森林的临滑阶段的预测算法:以湖北黄石5号铁矿石治理地块为例

针对碎石土边坡监测过程中滑坡稳定变形期与临滑阶段监测数据量严重不匹配,导致临滑阶段数据量偏小,从而产生的非平衡数据集造成预判不准确的问题,提出了一种基于DST随机森林的碎石土边坡临滑阶段地表位移的预测算法。首先,采用过采样和欠采样相结合的双采样技术(double sampling technique,DST)对地表位移中的非平衡数据集进行采集,然后,通过随机森林预测算法有放回的随机抽样进行预测,最后,通过实验得出预测结果。结果表明:DST随机森林预测算法相比于普通随机森林预测算法预测误差率降低到3.39%,证明双采样技术(DST)采集临滑阶段非平衡数据集的必要性。

基于函数调用指令特征分析的固件指令集架构识别方法

不同的固件常采用不同的指令集架构,固件指令集架构的识别是对嵌入式固件进行逆向分析和漏洞挖掘的基础。现有研究和相关工具在针对特定类型的嵌入式设备固件指令集架构识别时存在识别正确率低、误报率高的情况。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于函数调用指令特征分析的固件指令集架构识别方法,通过同时利用指令中操作码和操作数所包含的信息识别目标固件中的函数调用指令,将其作为关键特征实现对不同指令集架构的分类,并基于该方法开发了原型系统EDFIR(Embedded Device Firmware Instruction set Recognizer)。实验结果表明,相比IDAPro,Ghidra,Radare2,Binwalk以及ISAdetect这些当前应用最广泛和最新的工作,该方法具有更高的识别正确率、更低的误报率并具备更强的抗干扰能力,其对1000个真实设备固件的识别正确率高达97.9%,比目前识别效果最好的ISAdetect提升了42.5%。此外,相关实验还证明,即使将分析规模缩小至完整固件的1/50,所提方法仍能保持95.31%的识别正确率,具有良好的识别性能。

SET协议安全机制分析

本文在介绍SET协议的同时,对SET所使用的密码技术和有关算法进行了描述,并通过对数据传输过程的描述,分析了SET协议的安全性能及安全机制。

Level set函数快速步进并行重构的分区优化

为进一步提升Level set函数重构的分区并行重构效率,本文采用均分交界面方式进行分区,并保证生成内边界重构节点数量最少。通过运用基于共享存储并行编程(OpenMP)多线程技术的并行计算模型,实现圆球、Zalesak球和哑铃等值面的并行重构。计算结果表明:新分区方法能平衡子区域间计算荷载,减少子区域间信息传递次数和节点回滚次数,与均分区域方法相比,新分区方法能够获得更高计算速度,具有更好的实用性和可扩展性。

基于组合赋权和SPA-TOPSIS的煤矿安全投入决策模型

为解决煤矿安全投入结构和决策方案不合理的问题,首先基于安全价值的视角,考虑安全功能与安全产出关系,选取8个评价指标,构建煤炭企业安全投入评价体系;其次采用熵权法与层次分析法(AHP),综合确定指标权重;最后采用集对分析(SPA)理论改进逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS),建立决策模型,用以分析评价某煤矿2012—2022年的决策方案,优选评价方案,并针对实际问题提出改善意见。研究表明:该煤矿企业应更注重安全教育和工业卫生指标的投入;煤矿企业在安全投入决策时应综合考虑安全功能需要与安全产出效益,借鉴最佳投入配置,合理调整未来安全投入决策重点。

基于简化空间矢量调制的三电平整流器级联式无差拍控制策略

为解决有限控制集模型预测控制(FCS-MPC)运行过程中计算强度过大与计算时间过长的问题,提出了一种基于简化空间矢量调制的三电平整流器级联式无差拍控制策略,通过构建特定扇区选出最佳电压矢量。为建立精确的系统模型,深入分析三电平整流器,构建二维离散系统数学模型,基于无差拍控制理念设计了一套功率内环与电压外环的双环控制方案,并建立Luenberger观测器对电力扰动及负载变化进行精确估测与补偿,使无功功率与有功功率快速解耦和响应。结合上述系统架构,分别建立常规、单预测、简化预测FCS-MPC模型,并证明其等效性。分析不同约束变量对电压矢量决策的影响,并构建特定选择扇区设计简化的空间矢量调制策略。实验结果表明,所提控制控制策略能够在多重约束条件下改进性能,并且在保持控制效果不变的前提下,大幅度减少计算量。

花境设计与营建手法研究——以“寻香知归处”花境设计为例

花境是人模拟自然界花卉的交错生长状态,经过艺术提炼设计的一种景观表现形式,其具有植物品种丰富、类型功能多样、养护管理粗放等优点。本文以南京梦华苑“寻香知归处”花境设计为例,分析了其营建中采用的原则与方法,归纳总结花境营建的常规模式,旨在为花境设计与营建领域提供借鉴与启示,促进城市景观品质的提升与改善。

服装手缝工艺课程改革探究

服装手缝工艺在服装设计、服装造型中具有重要的作用和深层次的意义,对服装手缝工艺课程的改革是有意义的也是切实可行的。文章对现行服装手缝工艺课程进行了详细的分析,从课程设置和内容设置两方面进行阐述,并分析了服装手缝工艺课程设置的重要性。并从五个方向分别阐述了课程改革之后的手缝工艺课程该怎样去设置,对可能存在的问题进行了阐述,最后做出了总结。