Empowering Rice Farmers in Nueva Ecija, Philippines: A Strategic Approach to Boosting Income through Special Purpose Rice Production

Low income is the main problem of millions of farmers who are cultivating 4.81 million hectares in the Philippines. This problem is attributed to challenges specifically low yield, low quality of produce, and significant post-harvest losses, particularly in a resource-scarce setting. This study aimed to help increase the farmers’ income in selected towns of Nueva Ecija through the promotion and use of special purpose rice production technology. Twenty (20) farmer-cooperators in three towns of Nueva Ecija were selected to demonstrate the production technology covering a total area of 4.75 hectares during the dry season, and 3.3 hectares during the wet season, both in 2023. Extension modalities such as training, techno-demo establishment, information material and technical assistance provision, and market linkage were undertaken to enhance their knowledge, attitude, and skills on special rice production and enterprise. The study utilized the descriptive quantitative method wherein the data were gathered through surveys, specifically personal interviews. Results showed that 70% of the farmer-cooperators were male and 60% were living below the poverty threshold. The farmers were 53 years old on average and engaged in farming as their primary source of income. The average yield of special purpose rice particularly the CLS-2 variety was higher (6.46 MT/ha and 6.22 MT/ha during dry and wet seasons, respectively) than that of inbred or non-special rice. The income per hectare from special purpose rice production per hectare was Php 75,420.00, which is higher than that of regular rice at Php 29,389.00, giving a higher benefit of Php 46,031.00. The technology adopters and area planted increased (from 6 to 9 and from 1.4 hectares to 2.75 hectares, respectively) in Licab, Nueva Ecija. The opposite was true in Sto. Domingo and Guimba, Nueva Ecija where farmers were discouraged by the marketing issues that arose.

Discussion on the Purposes of Literary Education in Contemporary China

The purposes of education,both immediate and in the future,are an issue to be pondered.A number of scholars have responded that education has different aims,including the cultivation of citizenship,a flourishing life,and powerful knowledge.This paper aims to explore whether these different general goals accurately fit literary education and attest to them in the form of questions.Under each section,the paper begins by outlining the theoretical analysis and proceeds to present the author’s judgment and reflections based on experiences related to the context of contemporary China.

Identity Study of English for Specific Purposes Teachers in the Context of Shifts in Public English Teaching Positioning

This study investigates the identity of English for Specific Purposes(ESP)teachers within the dynamic landscape of shifts in public English teaching positioning.Adopting a mixed-methods approach,qualitative and quantitative analyses were employed to explore the complexities of ESP teacher identity construction and adaptation.Qualitative findings revealed key themes including strong professional identity grounded in specialized expertise,the impact of changing educational policies and curriculum reforms,and the importance of cultural competence and intercultural communication.Quantitative analysis of survey data indicated high levels of job satisfaction among ESP teachers,with significant correlations between variables such as professional development participation,perceived efficacy in technology integration,and self-perceptions of identity as ESP educators.

Trip Purposes of Automobile Users Inference Using Multi-day Traffic Monitoring Data

Determining trip purpose is an important link to explore travel rules. In this paper,we takea utomobile users in urban areas as the research object,combine unsupervised learning and supervised learningm ethods to analyze their travel characteristics,and focus on the classification and prediction of automobileu sers’trip purposes. However,previous studies on trip purposes mainly focused on questionnaires and GPSd ata,which cannot well reflect the characteristics of automobile travel. In order to avoid the multi-dayb ehavior variability and unobservable heterogeneity of individual characteristics ignored in traditional traffic questionnaires,traffic monitoring data from the Northern District of Qingdao are used,and the K-meansc lustering method is applied to estimate the trip purposes of automobile users. Then,Adaptive Boosting(AdaBoost)and Random Forest(RF)methods are used to classify and predict trip purposes. Finally,ther esult shows:(1)the purpose of automobile users can be mainly divided into four clusters,which includeC ommuting trips,Flexible life demand travel in daytime,Evening entertainment and leisure shopping,andT axi-based trips for the first three types of purposes,respectively;(2)the Random Forest method performss ignificantly better than AdaBoost in trip purpose prediction for higher accuracy;(3)the average predictiona ccuracy of Random Forest under hyper-parameters optimization reaches96.25%,which proves the feasibilitya nd rationality of the above clustering results.

ChatGPT与经济增长:影响机制与政策框架

以ChatGPT为代表的生成式人工智能具有广泛的应用领域,通过垂直和横向互补性拓展创新与生产率提升空间,对经济持续增长具有重要作用。具体而言,ChatGPT将推动科技进步进入加速期,提高劳动生产率,形成高效率的新产业,使数据、算法等要素更好地发挥作用。我国应根据ChatGPT在技术、经济等方面的特点,出台数据、资金、人工智能基础设施、落地应用等方面的政策,更好发挥类ChatGPT模型对经济的增长效应。

The Powerful Role of Mothers in Adolescent Purpose Development

Adolescence is a critical time for the cultivation of life purpose,also known as a meaningful long-term aim focused on contribution to others.Youth with purpose,especially marginalized youth,report a number of positive outcomes.Relationships with caring adults appear to be particularly helpful in guiding young people on their path to purpose,but little work has focused specifically on the role of mothers.This qualitative study,approved by a Institutional Review Board,examines how twenty adolescents from marginalized communities describe their sense of purpose and its relationship to their caregivers.The sample size was determined based on saturation,a process in qualitative research when the researchers begin to observe redundancy in the data.Through content analysis,a major theme emerged:the role of mothers and their impact on purpose development on their children.Results showed that mothers helped their adolescents develop their sense of purpose through serving as a sense of inspiration,providing the adolescents with support,sparking a desire for the adolescents to make their mothers proud,and through the mothers and adolescents in engaging in conversations about one’s future.

油蔬两用油菜品种的品质与产量评价

为促进油菜油蔬两用技术的推广,对18个油蔬两用油菜品种的菜薹产量、不摘薹和摘薹后菜籽产量等性状,以及菜薹的粗纤维、可溶性糖、维生素C、钙、铁、锌、硒质量分数和食味得分等品质性状进行统计,开展主成分分析和聚类分析,并计算各品种的综合产值.结果表明:11个性状可综合为6个主成分,18个品种可划分为3个类群;基于产量和品质特征确定了3个总产值高的品种赣油杂8号、邡油777和沣油958以及1个优质高产品种渝南油683,结果可为重庆地区油菜油蔬两用技术的推广提供种质基础和数据支撑.

中国特殊医学用途配方食品发展历程

特殊医学用途配方食品(FSMP)又称特医食品,在中国的发展历程中,经历了从无到有,从引进到自主研发的转变。本文梳理了中国特医食品的发展脉络,探讨其在临床应用、产品种类、研发能力以及法规标准管理等方面的进展,我们也可以看到中国特医食品行业面临的挑战和机遇。随着国内外市场的不断扩大和技术的不断进步,特医食品将在临床营养治疗领域发挥越来越重要的作用。

Using the Delphi method to propose foods for special medical purposes health effect evaluation indicators

Objective:The Delphi method was used to propose health effect evaluation indicators to assess foods for special medical purposes(FSMPs).This lays the foundation for the formation of a big data model for human health testing,as well as a big data platform for the health and safety evaluation of special medical foods.Methods:The Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of expert consultation on the constructed FSMP health effect evaluation indicators.Results:Ten major items were identified after two rounds of expert consultation.Among these,there were 10 primary entries,32 secondary entries,50 tertiary entries,and 28 quaternary entries.Conclusion:The complete list of evaluation indicators contains 10 entries,which can comprehensively and systematically monitor adverse reactions to the use of FSMPs.The present findings lay the foundation for a big data platform to evaluate the health and safety of special foods.

古代医学教育目的论价值论及其思想渊薮

医学教育作为培育医学人才的实践路径,其目的论和价值论赋予教育实践存在的意义,并对教学内容的安排、教学方法的选择等教育实践活动起着决定性的导向作用。古代医家在不同时代受不同文化熏陶,从传承医学、造福百姓、养命保身等各个视角审视医学和医学教育,不断完善和充实医学教育目的与价值思想,使我国古代的医学教育目的与价值思想在多元中逐渐趋于圆融。这些医学教育目的与价值的思想渊源包括生命神圣思想、儒家仁爱思想、道家重生思想、佛家悲悯情怀等。

网络数据犯罪立法的三大重要问题

将“对技术工具的不法利用行为”作为构成要件内容,属于手段型立法,不符合刑法的明确性要求。对于网络数据犯罪的构成要件,应采取目的型立法方式,要挖掘有明确法益指向的具体行为类型。准确定位网络数据犯罪的法益,才能确保立法的理性。数据法益不适合作为刑法上的独立法益,应通过刑法历来关注的个人法益,以及有具体内容且有公共危险指向的集体法益,对网络数据犯罪的法益予以限制性把握。在中国持续严密刑事法网以及社会高速发展不断催生多样化不法类型的趋势下,单一法典模式面临着现实压力,也存在“全而不专”的问题。应当重视单行刑法和附属刑法的价值,逐步建设具有交互性的多元法源体系。

基于暗数据视角对情报学的反思

[目的/意义]引入暗数据概念,对情报学现有观念、理论等做出新的诠释。[方法/过程]首先,梳理文献,辨析概念,提出广义的暗数据概念;然后,从暗数据视角对情报的本质、情报活动的目的和情报的社会功能等做出新的阐释。[结果/结论]暗数据是指潜藏在人们的认知之外,且对社会生活产生重要影响的数据。从暗数据视角反思情报学,可获得一些新的认识:确定性不是情报的本质特征,不确定性才是情报的根本属性;情报活动的目的,不在于揭示事物的规律及基于规律的预测,而是最大限度地减少事物的不确定性;情报的社会功能不宜定位于服务决策或成为决策的参谋,而是辅助或影响决策。

学术汉语教学的内涵界定及课程体系优化

随着国际中文教育走向深入发展阶段,学术汉语需求增加,学术汉语教学开始成为研究热点。文章首先厘清了通用汉语教学与专门用途汉语教学,学术汉语教学与职业汉语教学、科技汉语教学、专业汉语教学的关系;界定了学术汉语教学的内涵,并讨论了将学术汉语教学划分为通用学术汉语教学和专业学术汉语教学的必要性。通过与学术英语教学的发展历史进行对比,发现学术汉语教学没有发展起来的深层原因主要是科研支撑不足。通过借鉴学术英语课程设置,提出了为不同层次留学生增设学术汉语相关课程的建议。文末呼吁学界须未雨绸缪,超前布局,加大学术汉语相关研究,通过学术汉语教学,实现来华留学生中文教育的转型升级。

《兽药比对试验要求》修订变化与意义

开展兽药比对试验是兽药产品批准文号管理的重要政策之一。为科学规范兽药比对试验目录产品的批准文号申请,农业农村部畜牧兽医局在2016年发布实施的《兽药比对试验要求》基础上,结合国内兽药比对研究现状,2024年修订发布了《兽药比对试验要求》。本文详细阐述了兽药比对试验要求的修订背景、主要变化和修订意义,旨在加强研发单位或相关临床试验机构对该项政策的理解,并对开展兽药比对试验提供指导和帮助。

解决大党独有难题的合目的性与合规律性

本源上,历史选择的党建国家模式所内含的永葆执政党先进性要求,是造成大党独有难题的根本缘由。因此,不断充实党长期执政所要求的先进性条件以巩固党的执政地位,进而跳出历史周期率构成解决大党独有难题的合目的性要求。合目的性进入实践并向合规律性转换,其内在要求之一是坚持将跳出历史周期率的“两个答案”结合起来形成合力;要求之二是坚持走深、走实党的领导、人民当家作主与依法治国有机统一之路。时刻保持解决大党独有难题的清醒和坚定的要求,就是坚持合目的性与合规律性相统一。

国内常用脱酸工艺、特点与脱酸对象的选择

本文论述了脱酸对象的选择原则与脱酸过程中存在的风险,并结合中国国情给出了需优先脱酸的对象、脱酸过程中可能存在风险而需要谨慎处置的对象,以及不宜脱酸的对象。对国内使用较为广泛的脱酸技术进行了分析,包括同类比较与差异性分析,并以咨询的方式给出了脱酸用户所关切的信息。

临床科室运用成本因素分析法开展医用低值易耗品节流管理实践

目的探讨临床科室运用成本因素分析法开展医用低值易耗品节流管理的效果。方法2022年8月—12月,科室运用成本因素分析法开展低值易耗品节流管理,2023年1月—6月持续观察和评估应用效果。统计一次性注射器(2mL、5mL、20mL)、PVC手套、一次性静脉输液针、一次性止血带及输液胶贴等低值易耗品管理数据,计算人员成本分摊、成本消耗量,统计合理成本结余量。结果运用成本因素分析法实施低值易耗品管理后,价格相同医用低值易耗品合理结余成本共677.22元人民币,价格不同医用低值易耗品合理结余成本共2015元人民币。结论临床科室运用成本因素分析法开展医用低值易耗品节流管理,可减少消耗量,增加合理成本结余,减少科室成本消耗,合理节约医疗资源,强化医务人员节流管理意识,推动科室精细化管理。

国际货物买卖合同根本违约的构成要件与类型判断

根本违约制度是《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》(CISG)规范贸易双方当事人的重要制度,具有产生解除合同这一严重法律后果的可能。CISG确定根本违约主要考虑“Detriment”和“Foresee”两个因素,构成根本违约既需符合“Detriment”客观要件,又需受主观要件“Foresee”的约束。考量根本违约构成要件,明确根本违约不同类型的划分依据,建立一个逻辑严谨的根本违约制度体系,能够使根本违约统一的判断标准扎根于各个国家的裁判法庭,促进各国企业在统一的法律环境中进行交易,满足公约的统一适用性及诚信原则,促进国际贸易纠纷的解决。

多用途低温低密水泥浆体系室内研究及应用

多用途低温低密水泥浆体系,以G级油井水泥为基质,以人造玻璃微珠及火山灰活性胶凝材料为减轻材料,并辅其他功能性添加剂构建而成。体系以固相悬浮为基础模型,以紧密堆积技术为基本理论。通过优化颗粒级配提高单位体积水泥浆中的固相体积分数。减轻材料的使用进一步减少了固相颗粒间的游离水,降低水灰比,增强水泥石的致密性,降低渗透率,促进水泥石早期强度发展。现场应用结果表明,在不改变水泥浆体系材料种类的基础上,水泥浆配浆密度可实现1.4 g/cm^(3)与1.5 g/cm^(3)转换,同时可实现淡水配浆及海水配浆双液体作业;水泥浆适用温度范围为30~80℃;具有良好的浆体流动性,API失水可控,自由水为零,早期强度高,稠化时间可调。

改良碱水解法测定特殊医学用途婴儿配方奶粉中脂肪含量

文章选定最佳水浴加热时间、混合醚使用量和抽提次数,对GB 5009.6—2016《食品安全国家标准食品中脂肪的测定》中碱水解法进行改良。通过质控样品测定、加标回收试验、精密度试验和实际样品检测,探讨改良碱水解法测定特殊医学用途婴儿配方奶粉中脂肪适用性。结果表明,质控样脂肪含量理论值为22.0 g/100g,测定值为21.9 g/100g,测定结果在允许误差范围内,试验结果可靠;特殊医学用途婴儿配方奶粉和质控样加标回收率为95.9%~98.6%,相对标准偏差为1.10%~1.16%,改良碱水解法准确度高,精密度好;23批次市售特殊医学用途婴儿配方奶粉的脂肪含量均符合国家标准,改良碱水解法适合检测特殊医学用途婴儿配方奶粉中脂肪。