Nano-MgO with various particle sizes, synthe- sized by different methods using Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, urea and ammonia solution as reactants, was used to carry out bactericidal experiments on Bacillus sub...Nano-MgO with various particle sizes, synthe- sized by different methods using Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, urea and ammonia solution as reactants, was used to carry out bactericidal experiments on Bacillus subtilis var. niger. The results were compared with the effect of TiO2, a common kind of photocatalytic material. The materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), low temperature N2 adsorp- tion-desorption measurements and FT-IR, and the results showed that the bactericidal ability of MgO increases with decreasing particle size. Nano-MgO and an interior wall-paint containing the material have better bactericidal effects than nono-TiO2 in both presence and absence of light. The bactericidal mechanism is discussed. The surface of MgO can generate high concentrations of O?2 which is highly active and can react with the peptide linkages in the coating walls of the spores. The spores are destroyed by the resulting damage to their structure.展开更多
Objective： Chlorine dioxide （CD） gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety labo- ratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on si...Objective： Chlorine dioxide （CD） gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety labo- ratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on six ma- terials [stainless steel （SS）, painted steel （PS）, polyvinyl chlorid （PVC）, polyurethane （PU）, glass （GS）, and cotton cloth （CC）] by CD gas. The main aims of the study were to determine the sporicidal efficacy of CD gas and the effect of prehumidification before decontamination on sporicidal efficacy. Methods： Material coupons （1.2 cm diameter of SS, PS, and PU; 1.0 cmx1.0 cm for PVC, GS, and CC） were contaminated with 10 IJI of Bacillus subtilis var. niger（ATCC 9372） spore suspension in mixed organic burden and then dried in a biosafety cabinet for 12 h. The spores were recovered by soaking the coupons in 5 ml of extraction liquid for 1 h and then vortexing the liquid for 1 min. Results： The log reductions in spore numbers on inoculated test materials exposed to CD gas [0.080% （volume ratio, v/v） for 3 h] were in the range of from 1.80 to 6.64. Statistically significant differences were found in decontamination efficacies on test material coupons of SS, PS, PU, and CC between with and without a 1-h prehumidification treatment. With the extraction method, there were no statistically significant differences in the recovery ratios between the porous and non-porous materials. Conclusions： The results reported from this study could provide information for developing decontamination technology based on CD gas for targeting surface microbial contamination.展开更多
为了解专门电解生成机生成的酸性氧化电位水消毒性能,采用流动载体浸泡杀菌试验和动物试验方法对其杀菌效果及毒性进行了试验观察。结果,联邦牌酸化水生成机产生的酸性氧化电位水原液对白色念珠菌作用4m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用1...为了解专门电解生成机生成的酸性氧化电位水消毒性能,采用流动载体浸泡杀菌试验和动物试验方法对其杀菌效果及毒性进行了试验观察。结果,联邦牌酸化水生成机产生的酸性氧化电位水原液对白色念珠菌作用4m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭对数值≥3.00;体积分数50%该酸化水对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌作用2 m in,平均杀灭对数值均≥3.00。该酸性氧化电位水对小鼠急性口服毒性试验属实际无毒;对家兔皮肤、黏膜无刺激性;对小鼠嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。酸性氧化电位水原液浸泡72 h,对碳钢有中度腐蚀,对铝有轻度腐蚀,对不锈钢和铜基本无腐蚀。结论,该酸性氧化电位水具有很好的杀菌能力,属无毒类物质,对皮肤黏膜无刺激性,对金属具有一定腐蚀性。展开更多
利用快中子脉冲堆(Chinese Fast Burst ReactorⅡ,CFBR-Ⅱ)产生的快中子,采用枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种为材料,考查了中子辐射灭菌效果及剂量、剂量率、辐照温度、照射状态等辐射灭菌影响因素。结果表明,在剂量率为7.4Gy/min时的D10值为384....利用快中子脉冲堆(Chinese Fast Burst ReactorⅡ,CFBR-Ⅱ)产生的快中子,采用枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种为材料,考查了中子辐射灭菌效果及剂量、剂量率、辐照温度、照射状态等辐射灭菌影响因素。结果表明,在剂量率为7.4Gy/min时的D10值为384.6Gy,中子剂量与存活芽孢对数满足y=-0.0026x+10.462的函数关系;在剂量为800Gy时,剂量率与存活芽孢对数满足y=7.7414X-0.0834的函数关系;升高温度有利于中子辐射灭菌;中子辐照不同状态芽孢,其存活率为:菌片>粉末>液体。展开更多
一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂是由3种主要成分组成,为了解其杀菌效果和毒性,采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以含30 mg/L二氧化氯该消毒剂水溶液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.95%;15 mg/L二氧化...一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂是由3种主要成分组成,为了解其杀菌效果和毒性,采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以含30 mg/L二氧化氯该消毒剂水溶液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.95%;15 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.91%;60 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭率为99.94%。以200 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液作用5m in,可完全破坏悬液内HBsAg的抗原性。菌悬液内含体积分数25%以上小牛血清对其杀灭大肠杆菌效果有轻度影响。该二氧化氯消毒粉剂对小鼠急性经口LD50值大于5000 mg/kg,属无毒类物质;以100 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对家兔皮肤刺激试验指数为0.63,属于轻度刺激性。结论,一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂对细菌繁殖体和细菌芽孢具有良好的杀菌效果,动物毒性试验属无毒类物质、对家兔皮肤有轻度刺激性。展开更多
为了解一元制剂二氧化氯消毒液的消毒相关性能,采用悬液定量和载体定量杀菌试验以及理化分析方法进行了试验观察。结果,以含二氧化氯48.9 mg/L该消毒液二氧化氯对悬液中金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌作用2.5 m in,杀灭对数值...为了解一元制剂二氧化氯消毒液的消毒相关性能,采用悬液定量和载体定量杀菌试验以及理化分析方法进行了试验观察。结果,以含二氧化氯48.9 mg/L该消毒液二氧化氯对悬液中金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌作用2.5 m in,杀灭对数值均>5.00,对白色念珠菌的杀灭对数值>4.00。含二氧化氯391 mg/L该液对悬液中枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用5 m in,杀灭对数值>5.00;489 mg/L二氧化氯对载体上枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用15m in,杀灭对数值>3.00。该消毒液原液于54℃存放14 d,二氧化氯下降率为5.7%;使用浓度的消毒液对金属有腐蚀。结论,该消毒液杀菌效果较好,储存稳定,存在腐蚀性。展开更多
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.90306012).
文摘Nano-MgO with various particle sizes, synthe- sized by different methods using Mg(NO3)2·6H2O, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, urea and ammonia solution as reactants, was used to carry out bactericidal experiments on Bacillus subtilis var. niger. The results were compared with the effect of TiO2, a common kind of photocatalytic material. The materials were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM), low temperature N2 adsorp- tion-desorption measurements and FT-IR, and the results showed that the bactericidal ability of MgO increases with decreasing particle size. Nano-MgO and an interior wall-paint containing the material have better bactericidal effects than nono-TiO2 in both presence and absence of light. The bactericidal mechanism is discussed. The surface of MgO can generate high concentrations of O?2 which is highly active and can react with the peptide linkages in the coating walls of the spores. The spores are destroyed by the resulting damage to their structure.
基金Project supported by the National Key Science and Technology Specific Project for Prevention and Treatment of Major Infectious Diseases in China (No. 2009ZX10004-709)the National Key Technology R&D Program in the 11th Five-Year Plan of China (No.2008BAI62B01)
文摘Objective： Chlorine dioxide （CD） gas has been used as a fumigant in the disinfection of biosafety labo- ratories. In this study, some experiments were conducted to assess the inactivation of spores inoculated on six ma- terials [stainless steel （SS）, painted steel （PS）, polyvinyl chlorid （PVC）, polyurethane （PU）, glass （GS）, and cotton cloth （CC）] by CD gas. The main aims of the study were to determine the sporicidal efficacy of CD gas and the effect of prehumidification before decontamination on sporicidal efficacy. Methods： Material coupons （1.2 cm diameter of SS, PS, and PU; 1.0 cmx1.0 cm for PVC, GS, and CC） were contaminated with 10 IJI of Bacillus subtilis var. niger（ATCC 9372） spore suspension in mixed organic burden and then dried in a biosafety cabinet for 12 h. The spores were recovered by soaking the coupons in 5 ml of extraction liquid for 1 h and then vortexing the liquid for 1 min. Results： The log reductions in spore numbers on inoculated test materials exposed to CD gas [0.080% （volume ratio, v/v） for 3 h] were in the range of from 1.80 to 6.64. Statistically significant differences were found in decontamination efficacies on test material coupons of SS, PS, PU, and CC between with and without a 1-h prehumidification treatment. With the extraction method, there were no statistically significant differences in the recovery ratios between the porous and non-porous materials. Conclusions： The results reported from this study could provide information for developing decontamination technology based on CD gas for targeting surface microbial contamination.
文摘为了解专门电解生成机生成的酸性氧化电位水消毒性能,采用流动载体浸泡杀菌试验和动物试验方法对其杀菌效果及毒性进行了试验观察。结果,联邦牌酸化水生成机产生的酸性氧化电位水原液对白色念珠菌作用4m in,对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭对数值≥3.00;体积分数50%该酸化水对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌作用2 m in,平均杀灭对数值均≥3.00。该酸性氧化电位水对小鼠急性口服毒性试验属实际无毒;对家兔皮肤、黏膜无刺激性;对小鼠嗜多染红细胞无致微核作用。酸性氧化电位水原液浸泡72 h,对碳钢有中度腐蚀,对铝有轻度腐蚀,对不锈钢和铜基本无腐蚀。结论,该酸性氧化电位水具有很好的杀菌能力,属无毒类物质,对皮肤黏膜无刺激性,对金属具有一定腐蚀性。
文摘利用快中子脉冲堆(Chinese Fast Burst ReactorⅡ,CFBR-Ⅱ)产生的快中子,采用枯草芽孢杆菌黑色变种为材料,考查了中子辐射灭菌效果及剂量、剂量率、辐照温度、照射状态等辐射灭菌影响因素。结果表明,在剂量率为7.4Gy/min时的D10值为384.6Gy,中子剂量与存活芽孢对数满足y=-0.0026x+10.462的函数关系;在剂量为800Gy时,剂量率与存活芽孢对数满足y=7.7414X-0.0834的函数关系;升高温度有利于中子辐射灭菌;中子辐照不同状态芽孢,其存活率为:菌片>粉末>液体。
文摘一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂是由3种主要成分组成,为了解其杀菌效果和毒性,采用悬液定量杀菌试验和动物毒性试验进行了实验室研究。结果,以含30 mg/L二氧化氯该消毒剂水溶液对悬液内大肠杆菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.95%;15 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对金黄色葡萄球菌作用5 m in,平均杀灭率为99.91%;60 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用10 m in,平均杀灭率为99.94%。以200 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液作用5m in,可完全破坏悬液内HBsAg的抗原性。菌悬液内含体积分数25%以上小牛血清对其杀灭大肠杆菌效果有轻度影响。该二氧化氯消毒粉剂对小鼠急性经口LD50值大于5000 mg/kg,属无毒类物质;以100 mg/L二氧化氯消毒液对家兔皮肤刺激试验指数为0.63,属于轻度刺激性。结论,一元制剂二氧化氯消毒粉剂对细菌繁殖体和细菌芽孢具有良好的杀菌效果,动物毒性试验属无毒类物质、对家兔皮肤有轻度刺激性。
文摘为了解一元制剂二氧化氯消毒液的消毒相关性能,采用悬液定量和载体定量杀菌试验以及理化分析方法进行了试验观察。结果,以含二氧化氯48.9 mg/L该消毒液二氧化氯对悬液中金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌作用2.5 m in,杀灭对数值均>5.00,对白色念珠菌的杀灭对数值>4.00。含二氧化氯391 mg/L该液对悬液中枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用5 m in,杀灭对数值>5.00;489 mg/L二氧化氯对载体上枯草杆菌黑色变种芽孢作用15m in,杀灭对数值>3.00。该消毒液原液于54℃存放14 d,二氧化氯下降率为5.7%;使用浓度的消毒液对金属有腐蚀。结论,该消毒液杀菌效果较好,储存稳定,存在腐蚀性。
