FORCE RIPPLE SUPPRESSION TECHNOLOGY FOR LINEAR MOTORS BASED ON BACK PROPAGATION NEURAL NETWORK

Various force disturbances influence the thrust force of linear motors when a linear motor （LM） is running. Among all of force disturbances, the force ripple is the dominant while a linear motor runs in low speed. In order to suppress the force ripple, back propagation（BP） neural network is proposed to learn the function of the force ripple of linear motors, and the acquisition method of training samples is proposed based on a disturbance observer. An off-line BP neural network is used mainly because of its high running efficiency and the real-time requirement of the servo control system of a linear motor. By using the function, the force ripple is on-line compensated according to the position of the LM. The experimental results show that the force ripple is effectively suppressed by the compensation of the BP neural network.

Distributed Resource Allocation in Ultra-Dense Networks via Belief Propagation

Ultra-dense networking is widely accepted as a promising enabling technology to realize high power and spectrum efficient communications in future 5G communication systems. Although joint resource allocation schemes promise huge performance improvement at the cost of cooperation among base stations,the large numbers of user equipment and base station make jointly optimizing the available resource very challenging and even prohibitive. How to decompose the resource allocation problem is a critical issue. In this paper,we exploit factor graphs to design a distributed resource allocation algorithm for ultra dense networks,which consists of power allocation,subcarrier allocation and cell association. The proposed factor graph based distributed algorithm can decompose the joint optimization problem of resource allocation into a series of low complexity subproblems with much lower dimensionality,and the original optimization problem can be efficiently solved via solving these subproblems iteratively. In addition,based on the proposed algorithm the amounts of exchanging information overhead between the resulting subprob-lems are also reduced. The proposed distributed algorithm can be understood as solving largely dimensional optimization problem in a soft manner,which is much preferred in practical scenarios. Finally,the performance of the proposed low complexity distributed algorithm is evaluated by several numerical results.

Simulation of phytoplankton biomass in Quanzhou Bay using a back propagation network model and sensitivity analysis for environmental variables

Prediction and sensitivity models,to elucidate the response of phytoplankton biomass to environmental factors in Quanzhou Bay,Fujian,China,were developed using a back propagation(BP) network.The environmental indicators of coastal phytoplankton biomass were determined and monitoring data for the bay from 2008 was used to train,test and build a three-layer BP artificial neural network with multi-input and single-output.Ten water quality parameters were used to forecast phytoplankton biomass(measured as chlorophyll-a concentration).Correlation coefficient between biomass values predicted by the model and those observed was 0.964,whilst the average relative error of the network was-3.46% and average absolute error was 10.53%.The model thus has high level of accuracy and is suitable for analysis of the influence of aquatic environmental factors on phytoplankton biomass.A global sensitivity analysis was performed to determine the influence of different environmental indicators on phytoplankton biomass.Indicators were classified according to the sensitivity of response and its risk degree.The results indicate that the parameters most relevant to phytoplankton biomass are estuary-related and include pH,sea surface temperature,sea surface salinity,chemical oxygen demand and ammonium.

基于BSO-BP的船舶油耗预测模型

为解决基于传统反向传播(back propagation,BP)神经网络的船舶油耗预测模型易陷入极小值和误差较大的问题,提出一种利用头脑风暴优化(brain storm optimization,BSO)算法优化BP神经网络的船舶油耗预测模型(简称BSO-BP模型)。以“维多利亚凯娅”号内河游船为研究对象,将BSO-BP模型的预测结果与采用传统BP神经网络以及模拟退火(simulated annealing,SA)算法、遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)、粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法优化的BP神经网络的船舶油耗预测模型的预测结果进行对比分析。结果表明:与传统BP神经网络模型的预测结果相比,BSO-BP模型预测结果的可决系数R^(2)提高了0.003 9,均方误差、均方根误差、平均相对误差、平均绝对误差分别降低了0.034 4、0.154 1、0.010 2、0.017 8,说明在船舶油耗预测中BSO算法对BP神经网络的预测精度有显著的提升作用;BSO-BP模型预测结果的各项评价指标在所对比的5种模型中均表现最好,说明与SA算法、GA和PSO算法相比,BSO算法对BP神经网络的提升效果更好。

Surface Quality Evaluation of Fluff Fabric Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Back Propagation Neural Network

Aiming at the problem that back propagation(BP)neural network predicts the low accuracy rate of fluff fabric after fluffing process,a BP neural network model optimized by particle swarm optimization(PSO)algorithm is proposed.The sliced image is obtained by the principle of light-cutting imaging.The fluffy region of the adaptive image segmentation is extracted by the Freeman chain code principle.The upper edge coordinate information of the fabric is subjected to one-dimensional discrete wavelet decomposition to obtain high frequency information and low frequency information.After comparison and analysis,the BP neural network was trained by high frequency information,and the PSO algorithm was used to optimize the BP neural network.The optimized BP neural network has better weights and thresholds.The experimental results show that the accuracy of the optimized BP neural network after applying high-frequency information training is 97.96%,which is 3.79%higher than that of the unoptimized BP neural network,and has higher detection accuracy.

Combinatorial Optimization Based Analog Circuit Fault Diagnosis with Back Propagation Neural Network

Electronic components' reliability has become the key of the complex system mission execution. Analog circuit is an important part of electronic components. Its fault diagnosis is far more challenging than that of digital circuit. Simulations and applications have shown that the methods based on BP neural network are effective in analog circuit fault diagnosis. Aiming at the tolerance of analog circuit,a combinatorial optimization diagnosis scheme was proposed with back propagation( BP) neural network( BPNN).The main contributions of this scheme included two parts:( 1) the random tolerance samples were added into the nominal training samples to establish new training samples,which were used to train the BP neural network based diagnosis model;( 2) the initial weights of the BP neural network were optimized by genetic algorithm( GA) to avoid local minima,and the BP neural network was tuned with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm( LMA) in the local solution space to look for the optimum solution or approximate optimal solutions. The experimental results show preliminarily that the scheme substantially improves the whole learning process approximation and generalization ability,and effectively promotes analog circuit fault diagnosis performance based on BPNN.

一种LM-BP加速搜索的周跳探测与修复方法

针对传统三频周跳探测与修复方法中的不敏感、漏检以及效率较低等问题,提出一种基于莱文伯格-马夸特(LM)-反向传播(BP)神经网络加速搜索法的伪距相位组合与电离层残差组合联合周跳探测与修复方法:利用2个伪距相位组合以减少不敏感周跳数量,利用1个电离层残差组合以提高小周跳探测敏感度;在构成3个线性无关的组合观测值后,使用LM-BP加速搜索算法进行周跳探测与修复。实验结果表明,相对常规的伪距相位组合与电离层残差组合联合方法,该方法能够提高周跳探测与修复性能,可探测小至1个的周跳,探测与修复整体时效有较大提升。

基于BP神经网络的上海生鲜农产品物流需求预测

针对传统的生鲜农产品物流非线性需求预测模型收敛速度慢、精度低等问题,构建由改进粒子群(improved particle swarm optimization,IPSO)算法优化反向传播(back propagation,BP)神经网络的预测模型。引入对立学习机制、自适应惯性权重、非对称学习因子提升粒子群(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法的初始解质量,平衡算法的局部开发和全局搜索能力;利用IPSO算法优化BP神经网络的权值和阈值,解决BP神经网络收敛速度慢、容易陷入局部最优等问题。通过上海生鲜农产品物流需求预测实例对模型的有效性进行验证,结果显示:IPSO-BP神经网络模型在预测精度及收敛速度上均明显优于传统PSO-BP神经网络和BP神经网络模型。

基于BP神经网络的谐波减速器柔轮疲劳寿命预测研究

柔轮是谐波减速器的易损零件,在波发生器的高转速带动下转动,其疲劳寿命一直是备受关注的研究重点。以某型号杯型谐波减速器柔轮为研究对象,建立有限元仿真模型,得到柔轮最大应力与筒长、筒体壁厚和不同过渡圆角半径等参数之间的关系。根据柔轮S-N曲线,计算得到柔轮疲劳寿命,利用反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络实现了柔轮疲劳寿命的预测。

基于煤岩煤质多元指标的BP神经网络焦油产率预测方法研究

【目的】焦油产率是煤低温干馏利用最重要的煤质参数,决定着富油煤的清洁利用方向。但由于多方面的原因,在煤炭地质勘查阶段对煤焦油产率的测试数据十分有限,极大地制约了富油煤的精细评价和高效利用。【方法】为了提高富油煤精细评价的科学性和准确性,以陕北侏罗纪煤田以往测试1073组煤岩煤质数据为基础,并筛选出显微组分、工业分析、元素分析、灰成分分析等20项煤岩煤质参数齐全的141组数据,利用BP神经网络算法分别建立了20项煤岩煤质指标的焦油产率预测模型和以4项工业分析为基础的焦油产率预测模型,并对预测模型的准确性和合理性进行分析评价。【结果和结论】结果表明:以20项煤岩煤质指标为特征建立的预测模型最终训练均方误差为0.30,测试集数据预测结果平均绝对误差为0.65;以4项工业分析指标为特征建立的预测模型最终训练均方误差为1.07,测试集数据预测结果平均绝对误差为1.35;扩展集数据在两个模型中预测结果平均绝对误差分别为0.84和1.34,显示出20项煤岩煤质指标比4项工业分析煤质指标建立的预测模型具有更高的拟合优度和泛化性能。利用SHAP算法进一步对预测模型中20项煤岩煤质指标的重要性进行量化分析,显示出镜质组、氢元素、三氧化二铁、水分、挥发分、碳元素、壳质组、氧元素含量是焦油产率的正向影响因素,三氧化二铝、惰质组、固定碳、灰分、二氧化硅含量是焦油产率的负向影响因素,模型中煤岩煤质与焦油产率之间的内在联系很好地契合了地质上对焦油产率影响因素的基本认识,该焦油产率预测模型可以很好地应用于陕北侏罗纪煤田的焦油产率预测,为陕北地区富油煤的清洁高效利用提供支撑。

基于MFO-BP算法的移动机器人定位研究

针对移动机器人定位问题,以自主搭建的复合式机器人为基础,提出一种基于飞蛾火焰优化-反向传播(MFO-BP)算法的移动机器人定位预测方法。将移动机器人视为一个“黑箱”,不单独考虑系统和非系统误差的影响,输入理论坐标值,输出预测坐标值。试验结果表明,MFO-BP算法预测模型能有效进行移动机器人定位预测,并且精度远高于传统反向传播(BP)神经网络预测模型。为了验证模型结构对预测结果的影响,将MFO-BP算法预测模型分为单隐含层和双隐含层这两种。试验结果显示,MFO-BP算法双隐含层与单隐含层相比,前者平均绝对误差更小、误差波动范围也更小、预测误差趋势更平稳。MFO-BP算法双隐含层预测效果更优,可以应用于复合式机器人末端定位。

基于EMD-AVOA-BP的逆变器故障诊断方法

以CRH3C型动车组逆变器中的绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT,Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor)双管开路故障为研究对象,提出了一种基于非洲秃鹫算法(AVOA,African Vultures Optimization Algorithm)和优化的反向传播(BP,Back Propagation)神经网络的逆变器故障诊断方法。在Simulink中搭建列车逆变器的控制模型,取得故障电流;采用经验模态分解(EMD, Empirical Mode Decomposition)对电流信号进行去噪和故障特征提取,再利用AVOA对BP神经网络进行优化,实现了对列车逆变器IGBT双管开路故障的诊断。与传统方法进行对比可知,该方法具有更高的精准度,在测试集中其精准度达到100%。

基于智能优化算法及其优化BP神经网络的室内定位

为研究智能优化算法在室内到达时间差(time difference of arrival,TDOA)定位方面的应用效果。首先,分别使用白鲨优化算法(white shark optimizer,WSO)、变色龙优化算法(chameleon swarm algorithm,CSA)、蛇优化算法(snake optimizer,SO)、鲸鱼优化算法(whale optimization algorithm,WOA)、灰狼优化算法(grey wolf optimizer,GWO)、麻雀优化算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)这6种智能优化算法进行室内的二维TDOA定位,对比分析上述算法在室内定位领域的表现,并和传统的Taylor算法的定位误差进行对比;接下来,使用SOA算法对BP神经网络进行优化,使用优化后的SOA-BP进行定位,与基础的BP神经网络的定位误差进行对比。结果表明:所使用的6种智能优化算法在室内定位领域有着不错的表现,各智能优化算法的效果相似,平均定位误差为0.44 m,相较于传统的Taylor算法提升约9.2%;SOA-BP的定位误差相较于基础的BP神经网络降低超过30%。

基于GRU-BP算法的高精度动态物流称重系统

针对动态物流秤测量精度对载重、采样频率、带速较为敏感的问题,提出了一种高精度动态物流称重系统。首先,采用三因素五水平正交试验法,结合皮尔逊相关性检验原则,使用低通巴特沃斯与卡尔曼滤波器对传感器压力信号进行了滤波降噪处理,并将加速度信号作为模型输入信号,进行了特征补偿;然后,基于深度学习算法,提出了一种改进的门控循环单元模型,在该模型采样区间内将压力与振动改写为时序化信号,并将其共同输入门控循环单元(GRU)模型;最后,对GRU模型进行了改进,对其结构输出了层堆叠误差反向传播神经网络(BP),有效加强了模型的非线性映射能力。研究结果表明:在各类传动速度及测试货物下,该模型的最大测量误差相对于同类型深度学习模型长短期记忆(LSTM)神经网络、循环神经网络(RNN)时序模型及传统数值平均模型的误差,依次降低了16.14%、27.14%、76%,可用于各类称重系统。

Preparation of ZrB_2-SiC Powders via Carbothermal Reduction of Zircon and Prediction of Product Composition by Back-Propagation Artificial Neural Network

Phase pure ZrB2-SiC composite powders were prepared after 1 450℃/3 h via carbothermal reduction route,by using ZrSiO4,B2O3 and carbon as the raw materials.The influences of firing temperature as well as the type and amount of additive on the phase composition of final products were detailedly investigated.The results indicated that the onset formation temperature of ZrB2-SiC was reduced to 1 400℃by the present conditions,and oxide additive（including CoSO4·7H2O,Y2O3 and TiO2）was effective in enhancing the decomposition of raw ZrSiO4,therefore accelerating the synthesis of ZrB2-SiC.Moreover,microstructural observation showed that the as-prepared ZrB2 and SiC respectively had well-defined hexagonal columnar and fibrous morphology.Furthermore,the methodology of back-propagation artificial neural networks（BP-ANNs）was adopted to establish a model for predicting the reaction extent（e g,the content of ZrB2-SiC in final product）in terms of various processing conditions.The results predicted by the as-established BP-ANNs model matched well with that of testing experiment（with a mean square error in 10^（-3） degree）,verifying good effectiveness of the proposed strategy.

基于GA-BP神经网络的船舶空冷器状态预测

当前船舶空冷器的工作状态主要依靠空冷器冷却后的增压空气温度T_(A2)判断,通常按设定阈值触发报警,存在预警差和精度低等问题。对此,提出一种基于GA-BP(Genetic Algorithm-Back Propagation)神经网络的T_(A2)预测方法。利用BP神经网络构建空冷器状态预测模型,通过对比运行过程中T_(A2)实测值与预测值的偏差,及时发现空冷器的异常状态;引入GA解决BP神经网络存在的收敛速度慢和易于陷入局部最优解等问题。为验证基于GA-BP神经网络的预测方法的有效性,选取多组空冷器清洗前后的状态数据进行训练和验证,结果表明该方法能有效识别空冷器的异常状态。

基于Rayleigh-BP模型的压电驱动系统迟滞建模与前馈控制

针对可调谐半导体激光器压电驱动系统的迟滞非线性,提出了一种基于Rayleigh-BP模型的建模及控制方法。利用空间扩展法建立了Rayleigh-BP率相关迟滞模型,该模型实现了对压电驱动系统的率相关迟滞非线性的精准预测;利用逆向算法求解了Rayleigh模型的逆模型,并将该模型与BP神经网络结合,设计了前馈控制器对系统进行补偿;对前馈控制方法进行了仿真与实验验证。结果表明,建立的Rayleigh-BP模型具有较高的精度,在10 Hz时均方根误差仅为0.0469μm。前馈控制方法可以明显提高系统输出的线性度,在40 Hz时仿真结果均方根误差为0.0274μm,线性相关系数R 2为0.99992;在30 Hz时实验结果均方根误差为0.0506μm,线性相关系数R 2达到了0.99955,极大降低了迟滞现象。

基于PSO-BP神经网络的Savonius型叶轮阵列消波性能优化

为了提高Savonius型(S型)叶轮的消波性能,提出一种S型叶轮阵列装置。通过试验记录不同的叶轮间距和叶轮相对入水深度等5个参数下波浪经过叶轮阵列后的透射系数K_(t),建立基于粒子群优化(PSO)算法和反向传播(BP)神经网络的S型叶轮阵列消波性能预测模型。将采用该模型与采用BP网络模型和GA-BP网络模型得到的平均绝对误差、均方根误差和决定系数R^(2)指标进行对比,结果表明,采用PSO-BP神经网络模型优化能得到误差更小、更精准的预测结果。当相邻叶轮间距分别为0.62 m和0.41 m、各叶轮入水深度分别为0.15 m、0.18 m和0.19 m时,S型叶轮阵列具有相对最佳的消波性能。

基于GABP-DEMATEL的自贸区港口产业生态圈关键因素识别

为识别与区分自贸区港口产业生态圈影响因素之间的关系,利用遗传算法(genetic algorithm,GA)对基于反向传播(back propagation,BP)神经网络的决策试验和评价实验室(decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory,DEMATEL)模型(记为BP-DEMATEL模型)进行优化。将GA输出的初始权重和阈值输入BP神经网络计算得出影响因素的权值,再求出直接影响矩阵。结合自贸区港口的实证数据,将GA优化的BP-DEMATEL模型与传统DEMATEL和BP-DEMATEL模型进行对比。结果表明:在自贸区港口产业生态圈关键影响因素识别的精度、运行时间等方面,GA优化的BP-DEMATEL模型优于BP-DEMATEL模型,可拓展DEMATEL的使用范围。该模型可确定对自贸区港口产业生态圈影响较大的因素,为相关决策提供参考。

基于BP神经网络的转辙机故障检测方法

为提高城市轨道交通中ZDJ9型转辙机故障维修效率,提出基于反向传播(BP,Back Propagation)神经网络的转辙机故障检测方法。文章深入分析转辙机动作电流采集原理及现场转辙机转换过程中不同阶段电流曲线特征,确定故障电流曲线种类;对转辙机转换过程中动作电流曲线进行小波分解与重构,对重构后的曲线进行关键特征值提取,将其作为基于BP神经网络的故障检测模型训练数据,最终经过8 000次迭代训练后,故障检测模型的故障检测准确率达到96%,表明该方法能够有效检测转辙机故障及其故障类型。