Acupuncture through Baihui (DU20) to Qubin (GB7) mitigates neurological impairment after intracerebral hemorrhage

Inflammation plays an important role in nerve defects caused by intracerebral hemorrhage. Repairing brain damage by inhibiting the macrophage-inducible C-type lectin/spleen tyrosine kinase （Mincle/Syk） signaling pathway is a potential new target for treating cerebral hemorrhage. In this study, we aimed to determine whether acupuncture through Baihui （DU20） to Qubin （GBT） is an effective treatment for intracerebral hemorrhage through the Mincle/Syk signaling pathway. An intracerebral hemorrhage rat model was established by autol- ogous blood infusion into the caudate nucleus. Acupuncture through Baihui to Qubin was performed for 30 minutes, once every 12 hours, for a total of three times. Piceatannol （34.62 mg/kg）, a Syk inhibitor, was intraperitoneally injected as a control. Modified neurological severity score was used to assess neurological function. Brain water content was measured. Immunohistochemistry and western blot assay were used to detect immunoreactivity and protein expression levels of Minde, Syk, and CARD9. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to determine interleukin-1[~ mRNA levels. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed to observe histopathological changes. Our re- suits showed that acupuncture through Baihui to Qubin remarkably improved neurological function and brain water content, and inhibited immunoreactivity and expression of Mincle, Syk, CARDg, and interkeukin-1β Moreover, this effect was similar to piceatannol. These find- ings suggest that acupuncture through Baihui to Qubin can improve neurological impairment after cerebral hemorrhage by inhibiting the Mincle/Syk signaling pathway.

Electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) acupoint upregulates mRNA expression of NeuroD molecules in the brains of newborn rats suffering in utero fetal distress

Neuro D plays a key regulatory effect on differentiation of neural stem cells into mature neurons in the brain.Thus,we assumed that electroacupuncture at Baihui（DU20） acupoint in newborn rats exposed to in utero fetal distress would influence expression of Neuro D.Electroacupuncture at Baihui was performed for 20 minutes on 3-day-old（Day 3） newborn Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to in utero fetal distress;electroacupuncture parameters consisted of sparse and dense waves at a frequency of 2–10 Hz.Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR results demonstrated that m RNA expression of Neuro D,a molecule that indicates Neuro D,increased with prolonged time in brains of newborn rats,and peaked on Day 22.The level of m RNA expression was similar between Day 16 and Day 35.These findings suggest that electro acupuncture at Baihui acupoint could effectively increase m RNA expression of molecules involved in Neuro D in the brains of newborn rats exposed to in utero fetal distress.

CLINICAL OBSERVATION ON 32 CASES OF FUNCTIONAL ENURESIS TREATED WITH ACUPUNCTURE AT BAIHUI(GV 20)

Acupuncture at Baihui（GV 20）was employed in treating 32 cases of functionalenuresis.As a result,the curative rate reached 81.25％,but that in control group of 32 cases withoutneedling Baihui point was 56.25％.There was a significant difference in statistics（P【0.05）.It indi- cates that Baihui can enhance the therapeutic effect of acupuncture on treating enuresis.

针刺百会、曲鬓穴对急性期脑出血大鼠的影响及其作用机制研究

目的 观察针刺百会、曲鬓穴对急性期脑出血(ICH)大鼠白细胞分化抗原36(CD36)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)表达的影响,探讨针刺治疗脑出血的作用机制。方法 选择144只Wistar雄性大鼠,采用随机数字表法分为假手术组、模型组、针刺组、抑制剂组4组,每组36只,每组按1、3、7 d时间点再分为3个亚组,每组12只。采用立体定位自体血注入法建立ICH大鼠模型。模型组仅接受ICH模型制备,不进行任何治疗;假手术组接受类似模型组各项手术操作,但不进行注血制作;抑制剂组造模后6 h,腹腔注射TLR4抑制剂TAK242,3 mg/kg,1次/d,连续5 d;造模12 h后,针刺组各亚组开始接受针刺治疗,穴位选择百会穴(顶骨正中)、右侧曲鬓穴,采用透刺方法,进针深度20 mm,以100 r/min小幅度捻转,持续捻转2 min,每间隔5 min捻针1次,共留针30 min,期间捻转3次,1次/d,针刺组各亚组分别治疗1、3、7 d。分别于治疗后第1、3、7天,采用改良神经功能缺损评分(mNSS)评估大鼠神经功能;检测脑组织血肿体积;采用Western blot法检测脑组织CD36、TLR4蛋白表达水平;采用免疫荧光法观察CD36、TLR4在星形胶质细胞中的表达。结果 (1) mNSS评分:与假手术组同一时间点比较,模型组、针刺组、抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d mNSS评分均明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组同一时间点比较,针刺组、抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d mNSS评分均明显降低(P<0.05);与针刺组同一时间点比较,抑制剂组治疗后1 d mNSS评分明显降低(P<0.05)。(2)血肿体积:与模型组同一时间点比较,针刺组、抑制剂组治疗后3、7 d脑血肿体积均明显降低,抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d脑血肿体积明显降低(P<0.05);与针刺组同一时间点比较,抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d脑血肿体积明显降低(P<0.05)。(3) CD36、TLR4蛋白表达水平:与假手术组同一时间点比较,模型组、针刺组、抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d CD36、TLR4蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P<0.05);与模型组同一时间点比较,针刺组、抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d CD36蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P<0.05),针刺组、抑制剂组治疗后3、7 d TLR4蛋白表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05);与针刺组比较,抑制剂组治疗后1、3、7 d CD36蛋白表达水平均明显升高,TLR4蛋白表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05)。(4) CD36、TLR4在GFAP中的表达水平:假手术组大鼠脑组织内可见少量CD36、TLR4表达。与假手术组同一时间点比较,模型组治疗后1、3、7 d CD36、TLR4在GFAP表达均明显增加(P<0.05);与模型组同一时间点比较,抑制剂组、针刺组治疗后1、3、7 d CD36在GFAP表达明显增加,TLR4在GFAP表达明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 针刺百会、曲鬓穴可以改善急性期ICH大鼠神经功能,减轻脑出血血肿体积,可能与促进CD36蛋白表达、抑制TLR4蛋白表达有关。

Hippocampal gene expression in a rat model of depression after electroacupuncture at the Baihui and Yintang acupoints

Preliminary basic research and clinical findings have demonstrated that electroacupuncture ther- apy exhibits positive effects in ameliorating depression. However, most studies of the underlying mechanism are at the single gene level; there are few reports regarding the mechanism at the whole-genome level. Using a rat genomic gene-chip, we profiled hippocampal gene expression changes in rats after electroacupuncture therapy. Electroacupuncture therapy alleviated depres- sion-related manifestations in the model rats. Using gene-chip analysis, we demonstrated that electroacupuncture at Baihui （DU20） and Yintang （EX-HN3） regulates the expression of 21 genes. Real-time PCR showed that the genes Vgf, lgf2, Trnp32, Loc500373, Hifla, Folrl, Nrnb, and Rtn were upregulated or downregulated in depression and that their expression tended to nor- malize after electroacupuncture therapy. These results indicate that electroacupuncture at Baihui and Yintang modulates depression by regulating the expression of particular genes.

Electroacupuncture reduces injury to the blood-brain barrier following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

This study used electroacupuncture at Renzhong （DU26） and Baihui （DU20） in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Neurological deficit scores, western blotting, and reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that electroacupuncture markedly reduced neurological deficits, decreased corpus striatum aquaporin-4 protein and mRNA expression, and relieved damage to the blood-brain barrier in a rat model of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. These results suggest that electroacupuncture most likely protects the blood-brain barrier by regulating aquaporin-4 expression following cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

High-frequency (50 Hz) electroacupuncture ameliorates cognitive impairment in rats with amyloid beta 1–42-induced Alzheimer＇s disease

Acupuncture has been shown to ameliorate cognitive impairment of Alzheimer’s disease.Acupoints and stimulation frequency influence the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture.Rat models of Alzheimer’s disease were established by injecting amyloid beta 1–42（Aβ_（1–42））into the bilateral lateral ventricles.Electroacupuncture at 2,30,and 50 Hz was carried out at Baihui（GV20;15°obliquely to a depth of 2mm）and Shenshu（BL23;perpendicularly to 4–6 mm depth）,once a day for 20 minutes（each）,for 15 days,taking a break every 7 days.The Morris water maze test was conducted to assess the learning and memory.The expression levels of glycogen synthase kinase-3β（GSK-3β）,p Ser9-GSK-3β,p Tyr216-GSK-3β,amyloid precursor protein and Aβ_（1–40） in the hippocampus were determined by western blot assay.Results demonstrated that electroacupuncture treatment at different frequencies markedly improved learning and memory ability,increased synaptic curvatures,decreased the width of synaptic clefts,thickened postsynaptic densities,and downregulated the expression of GSK-3β,amyloid precursor protein,and Aβ_（1–40）.pSer9-GSK-3βexpression markedly decreased,while p Tyr216-GSK-3βexpression increased.High-frequency（50 Hz）electroacupuncture was more effective than low（2 Hz）or medium-frequency（30 Hz）electroacupuncture.In conclusion,electroacupuncture treatment exerts a protective effect against Aβ_（1–42）-induced learning and memory deficits and synapse-ultrastructure impairment via inhibition of GSK-3βactivity.Moreover,high-frequency electroacupuncture was the most effective therapy.

A Comparative Study on the Acupoints of Specialty of Baihui, Shuigou and Shenmen in Treating Vascular Dementia

Objective： To study the relative specialty of the acupoints of Baihui （DU20）, Shuigou （DU26） and Shenmen （HTT） in treating vascular dementia （VD）. Methods： Fifty patients suffering from VD were divided into 5 groups randomly and treated by conventional acupuncture for hemiplegia, or conventional acupuncture plus needling in DU20, DU26, HT7 respectively or simultaneously. Clinical symptoms were observed, and the scales such as Hasegawa＇s dementia scale-recension （HDS-R）, activities of daily living （ADL） and functional activities questionnaire （FAQ） were used for assessment before and after acupuncture treatment. The scores were processed statistically. Results： DU20 and HT7 could improve the abilities of memory, orientation, reaction and reduce adamancy and trance. Bedsides, DU 20 was helpful in improving the abilities of understanding, calculating and social adapting. While DU26 is helpful in treating retardation, failure in daily activities, trance and poor memory. The combination of the 3 acupoints could improve the intelligence and social adapting ability of VD patients. Conclusion： DU20, DU26 and HT7 had its own effect in treating VD, but the effect of three points used in combination was the best.

针刺治疗原发性抑郁症取穴及配伍规律研究

目的:挖掘针刺治疗原发性抑郁症的选穴配伍规律,为临床取穴及科学研究提供参考。方法:检索Pubmed、中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊资源整合服务平台发表的针刺治疗原发性抑郁症的临床研究文献,应用Excel软件整理文献中的腧穴处方数据(使用频次、分布部位、归经、特定穴等),并对使用频次大于10的高频腧穴进行关联规则分析。结果:最终纳入文献79篇,其中中文文献61篇,英文文献18篇。(1)针刺处方中单穴累计为69个,取穴总计546频次,腧穴使用频率较高的为百会、印堂、太冲等。(2)特定穴在原发性抑郁症的针刺治疗中应用广泛,以五输穴、交会穴的使用频次最高。(3)取穴涵盖了手太阳小肠经外的13条正经,较常用的经脉包括督脉、足厥阴肝经等,其中以督脉的使用频率最高,经外奇穴的使用频率也较高,且均位于头部。(4)关联规则分析发现,本病腧穴使用相对集中,以百会-印堂、百会-太冲,百会-内关,百会-三阴交为主。结论:原发性抑郁症的针刺取穴以百会、印堂、太冲、内关、三阴交为主,多督脉、足厥阴肝经穴位,特定穴及头部经外奇穴应用较多。

《史记·扁鹊仓公列传》“外三阳五会”新考

在既往研究基础之上,结合《素问·缪刺论篇》《针灸甲乙经·缪刺》及出土汉代医简等现有证据,并基于胡天雄、黄龙祥的学术观点,考证《史记·扁鹊仓公列传》中“外三阳五会”具体指代何经、何穴。认为《素问·缪刺论篇》尸厥一条与《史记·扁鹊仓公列传》关系密切,应采录自扁鹊医书,但因传世本《素问·缪刺论篇》对扁鹊医书原文抄录有误,具体为心主之误、阴阳之误、穴位之误,造成了“外三阳五会”解读上的错误。经考证与校订,认为“外三阳五会”所指应为关冲、足窍阴、少泽、至阴、厉兑五穴。

百会穴、大椎穴在血管性痴呆治疗中的作用机制探讨

血管性痴呆(VD)是世界第二大痴呆疾病,也是唯一可以防治的痴呆类型。近年来随着人口老龄化与脑卒中发病率的升高,VD的发生率也呈逐年上升之势。针灸作为一种传统的治疗方法,在治疗缺血性脑病方面具有较为肯定的临床疗效。百会和大椎作为各类针灸疗法治疗VD的核心取穴,作用关键,在临床中运用极广,然而现代研究尤其是其作用机理的探讨尚显匮乏,鲜见报道。文章拟从中医理论依据、现代研究及作用机制方面,对百会穴、大椎穴在血管性痴呆的治疗作用作一探讨,以期为临床治疗提供理论参考。

电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆小鼠脑缺血、缺氧、脑水肿的影响

目的 :观察电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对拟血管性痴呆小鼠脑缺血、缺氧、脑水肿的影响。方法 :复制脑缺血再灌注拟血管性痴呆小鼠模型 ,电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴 ,分别于术后 7d、1 5d、30 d,与喜德镇对照治疗 ,记录小鼠张口喘气时间 ,计算脑指数及脑含水量。结果 :造模导致了小鼠脑缺血、缺氧 ,早期还出现脑组织水肿 ,表现为张口喘气时间缩短 ,脑指数和脑含水量增加。而电针和喜德镇均可延长张口喘气时间、降低脑指数和脑含量 ,具有抗脑缺氧和减轻脑水肿程度的作用 ,但疗效以电针为优。结论 :电针肾俞、膈俞、百会穴对该模型出现的脑缺血、缺氧状态 ,及早期的脑组织水肿有显著改善作用 ,此可能为针刺治疗 VD作用机理之一。

论百会穴穴性及临床应用

百会穴是督脉的重要穴位,督脉由此入络脑腑,故可醒脑神、补脑髓;该穴更是督脉与诸经交会之所,有升阳举陷的治疗作用。历代医家对此穴有精辟的理论阐述及丰富的临床使用经验,现代医疗临床上更是根据其经脉络属关系逐步扩大其临床应用,在经典中医理论的指导下辨证选穴,不断总结实践经验,并上升为理论观点以指导临床。除此之外,现代医学对百会穴亦有一定的研究成果,对其生理反应和病理作用也有一定的阐述,根据西医学的对症原则应用百会穴一样取得了较好的临床效果。由此可见百会穴是临床上的常用穴、特效穴,几千年来一直广泛应用于临床,并取得明显的治疗效果,该文主要将近年来百会穴的临床应用情况以及程为平教授对百会穴的临床使用经验整理并进行初步探讨,以便更好的指导临床。

艾灸健康人百会穴对右侧大脑中、后动脉血流动力学影响的研究

目的 :探讨艾灸百会穴治疗缺血性脑血管病的机理。方法 :选择本校健康男性学员 3 0名 ,年龄 2 0～ 2 2岁之间 ,应用美国AcusonSequoia51 2型超声诊断仪 ,探头频率 4 0MHz,由固定专人操作 ,分别于艾灸前及艾灸后 ,测试右侧大脑中、后动脉Vmax(最大血流速度 )、Vmin(最小血流速度 )、PI (搏动指数 )、RI (阻力指数 )等血流动力学有关参数。结果 :艾灸百会穴 5天后 ,右侧大脑后动脉Vmin增加显著 (P <0 0 5) ,右侧大脑中动脉Vmax、Vmin及右侧大脑后动脉Vmax、PI、RI增加非常显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ,右侧大脑中动脉PI、RI各指标虽有不同程度的改变 ,但无统计学意义。结论 :艾灸百会穴可使右侧大脑中、后动脉血流速度明显加快 ,脑血流量增加 ,脑部血液循环明显改善。这对揭示艾灸百会穴治疗缺血性脑血管病的机理具有重要意义。

艾灸健康人百会穴对脑血管血液动力学的影响

目的：探讨艾灸百会穴治疗脑血管病的可能机制。方法：选择本校健康男性学员30名,年龄20-22岁。取百会穴,悬起温和灸,每次5-10 min,每日1次,共5次。应用上海麦登电子设备有限公司生产的脑血管血液动力学分析仪（CBA CV-300型）,探头频率5 MHz,由固定专人操作,分别于艾灸治疗前及艾灸治疗后测试脑血管血液动力学各项指标。结果：艾灸百会穴5 d后,受试者收缩压、舒张压及心率虽有不同程度的变化,但与艾灸前比较无统计学差异（P〉0.05）;左右两侧颈总动脉血液Qmean（平均流量）、Vmean（平均流速）及Vmin（最小流速）增加显著（P〈0.01）,脑血管Rv（外周阻力）、DR（动态阻力）明显降低（P〈0.05）。结论：艾灸健康人百会穴可使颈总动脉血流速度明显加快,脑部外周血管阻力明显降低,脑部血液供应明显改善。这对揭示艾灸百会穴治疗缺血性脑血管病的机制具有一定的意义。

电针百会印堂穴在精神科的应用

目的 :将我国近年来电针百会穴对精神疾病的临床治疗及研究进行综述。方法 :从抑郁症、精神分裂症、神经症、其他精神障碍及电针治疗机理的实验室研究等 5个方面综述。结果 :电针治疗抑郁症已被众多的临床和基础研究所证实。治疗神经症、精神分裂症及其他精神障碍也取得了一定的疗效。结论 :电针治疗是一种疗效好、无副作用、安全、经济、操作简便、受病人及家属欢迎的治疗精神疾病的新疗法。

针刺配合艾灸百会穴治疗中风后失眠疗效观察

目的观察针刺配合艾灸百会穴治疗中风后失眠的临床疗效。方法将65例中风后失眠患者随机分为治疗组33例和对照组32例。治疗组采用针刺配合艾灸百会穴治疗,对照组采用常规针刺治疗。观察两组治疗前后SPIEGEL量表评分及脑卒中专用生活质量量表(SS-QOL)评分变化情况,并比较两组临床疗效。结果两组治疗后SPIEGEL量表评分和SS-QOL评分与同组治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后SPIEGEL量表评分和SS-QOL评分与对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组总有效率为93.9%,对照组为68.8%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针刺配合艾灸百会穴是一种治疗中风后失眠的有效方法。

艾灸健康人百会穴对大脑中动脉血流速度的影响

目的 :探讨艾灸百会穴治疗缺血性脑血管病的机理。方法 :选择本校健康男性学员 30名 ,应用美国AcusonSequoia 51 2型超声诊断仪 ,分别于艾灸百会穴前后测试双侧大脑中动脉最大血流速度(Vmax)、最小血流速度 (Vmin)、搏动指数 (PI)、阻力指数 (RI)等血流动力学有关参数。结果 :艾灸百会穴 5天后 ,左侧大脑中动脉Vmax、PI、RI及右侧大脑中动脉Vmax、Vmin增加非常显著 (P <0 0 1 ) ,其余各项指标虽有不同程度的改变 ,但无统计学意义。结论 :艾灸百会穴可使大脑中动脉血流速度明显加快 ,血管搏动指数增加 ,脑血流量增加 。

针刺百会穴对急性脑血肿大鼠局部脑血流量的影响

目的 观测急性脑血肿大鼠局部脑血流量的改变及头穴针刺后局部脑血流量和神经功能症状的变化。方法 应用L S-III型组织血流测定仪 ,选用临床上治疗脑出血常用的“百会”穴。结果 实验大鼠造模组与正常组及假手术组对比不同时刻局部脑血流量均明显下降 ( P<0 .0 1) ,而造模组与针刺组对比即刻局部脑血流量无显著性差异 ,而在 1h,4h局部脑血流量有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1)。另外造模组与针刺组对比神经功能症状在 1h有显著性差异 ( P<0 .0 1) ,经相关分析可见 1h局部脑血流量与神经功能症状存在负相关关系。结论 急性脑血肿大鼠局部脑血流量明显下降 ,经百会针刺后局部脑血流量的下降得到有效的改善 。

电针百会穴对脑梗死后认知障碍患者听觉P300的影响

目的观察电针百会穴对脑梗死后认知障碍患者听觉事件相关电位P300的影响。方法将59例脑梗死患者随机分为治疗组30例和对照组29例。治疗组采用电针配合认知功能训练治疗,对照组采用单纯认知功能训练治疗。比较两组治疗前后蒙特利尔认知评价量表(MoCA)评分及P300检测情况。结果两组患者治疗后MoCA量表各项评分与同组治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。除言语项目外,治疗组患者治疗后MoCA量表各项评分与对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组治疗后P300潜伏期、波幅与同组治疗前比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗组治疗后P300潜伏期、波幅与对照组比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。P300潜伏期与MoCA评分呈负相关性,P300波幅与MoCA评分呈正相关性。结论电针百会能改善脑梗死后认知障碍患者的认知功能。