高水平网球运动员训练和比赛负荷的实证研究

RPE因其经济、简便的优点,广泛应用于网球运动员内部训练负荷的监控和评价。然而,RPE指标会受到非客观因素的干扰,这也必然影响到评价的准确性和教练员下一阶段训练计划的制定。在实际训练中,教练员应如何合理运用RPE指标评价运动员内部训练负荷仍缺乏相关研究。本研究以中国国家网球集训队24名队员(12男12女)为研究对象,按男队员和女队员进行分组,同时将运动形式分为训练和比赛两种状态,分别将RPE指标与心率指标进行相关性分析。结果显示:(1)训练和比赛两种状态下,RPE与平均最大心率百分比和最高心率之间相关性均较低;(2)比赛状态下,所有队员s-RPE与Banister’s Trimp和Edwards’s TL均显著相关(P<0.05),而训练状态下,显著相关的比例分别为50%和41.7%(P<0.05),因此RPE指标在评价比赛状态下内部负荷量时更为客观;(3)训练状态和比赛状态下,女队员RPE指标与心率指标的相关性显著高于男队员,因此,RPE指标在评价女队员内部训练负荷时更为客观。本研究将为我国高水平网球运动员合理运用RPE指标客观评价内部训练负荷提供一定参考。

Applying a Mathematical Model to the Performance of a Female Monofin Swimmer

This study sought to determine the best method to quantify training based on heart rate data. It proposes a modification of Banister’s original performance model to improve the accuracy of predicted performance. The new formulation introduces a variable that accounts for changes in the subject’s initial performance as a result of the quantity of training. The two systems models were applied to a well-trained female monofin swimmer over a 24-week training period. Each model comprised a set of parameters unique to the individual and was estimated by fitting model-predicted performance to measured performance. We used the Alienor method associated to Optimization-Preserving Operators to identify these parameters. The quantification method based on training intensity zones gave a better estimation of predicted performance in both models. Using the new model in sports in which performance is generally predicted (running, swimming) will help us to define its real interest.