Soft Information,Core Competitive Edge and Private Relationship Lending——A Case of Village Banks

In view of the development problems of village banks,through introducing the concept of private relationship lending,the functions of soft information,the channels of village banks for collecting soft information,and the private relationship lending of village banks under Chinese rural human environment of highlighting relationship while despising rationality are proved.According to the recognition standard of core competitive edge,it can be concluded that the core competitive edge of village banks is private relationship lending.In the first place,these kinds of small and medium-sized quarter banks have competitive advantages in launching private relationship lending;in the second place,the lending businesses of village banks based on soft information attracts small and medium clients;in the third place,the private relationship lending has realized the scale economy.Furthermore,the reasons why village banks can not display the core competitive edge have been analyzed:firstly,village banks have not found that private relationship lending is their core competitive edge;secondly,the internal motivation on establishing private relationship lending of village banks is insufficient;thirdly,village banks have not prepared well in developing private relationship lending;The relevant policies and countermeasures are put forward,including transforming idea and vigorously developing private relationship lending;intensifying training and improving the quality of personnel involved;strengthening supervision and avoiding the violation behaviors of personnel involved;emulating experiences and perfecting the private relationship lending mechanism of village banks.

Machine learning approach to drivers of bank lending:evidence from an emerging economy

The study analyzes the performance of bank-specific characteristics,macroeconomic indicators,and global factors to predict the bank lending in Turkey for the period 2002Q4–2019Q2.The objective of this study is first,to clarify the possible nonlinear and nonparametric relationships between outstanding bank loans and bank-specific,macroeconomic,and global factors.Second,it aims to propose various machine learning algorithms that determine drivers of bank lending and benefits from the advantages of these techniques.The empirical findings indicate favorable evidence that the drivers of bank lending exhibit some nonlinearities.Additionally,partial dependence plots depict that numerous bank-specific characteristics and macroeconomic indicators tend to be important variables that influence bank lending behavior.The study’s findings have some policy implications for bank managers,regulatory authorities,and policymakers.

The impact of bank lending on Palestine economic growth:an econometric analysis of time series data

Banking is an essential sector of Palestine’s economy.More credits provided by banks are considered to have a positive impact on economic growth so that the overall objective of this study is to examine the impact of bank lending on economic growth in Palestine.The study employs the Augmented Dickey-Fuller to test for stationarity in the time series,The Johansen co-integration,Vector Autoregressive Model and Vector Error Correction Model are employed to identify the long-run and short-run dynamics among the variables,and Granger causality test in order to determine the direction of causality.The study finds that a long run relationship exists among the variables and insignificant short run relationship.Also,the study findings show that there is unidirectional causality and runs from GDP to bank lending.The insignificant contribution of bank lending to GDP is attributed to the fact that banks are not highly interested in lending to the production sector of the economy due to the high level of risk.However,the primary empirical evidence reveals that bank lending doesn’t cause economic growth,but economic growth causes bank lending.

Information on Financial Statements for Loan Decision-Making of Commercial Banks in Vietnam

Financial statements （FS） are tools which provide information to users for making business decisions. Among the organizations, banks are the firms which conducted and did business with risks. In particular, commercial banks continue to play a dominant role in the whole system, and local commercial banks still have an edge in its widespread network across the country over foreign banks. This article is going to present the survey which clarifies the role of FS in commercial banks＇ loan decisions in Vietnam. Moreover, this paper also discusses FS＇s quality currently, thereby making suggestions for enterprises to enhance the usefulness of accounting information in borrowing activities. This paper has taken performance with 74 official employees in commercial banks in Vietnam. The results indicated the qualitative characteristics of banks when disclosing the financial statements. This article also gave the six oriented solutions to improvement of the loan decision-making by banks.

Economic policy uncertainty, credit risks and banks lending decisions: Evidence from Chinese commercial banks

Using data for Chinese commercial banks from 2000 to 2014, this paper examines the effects of economic policy uncertainty(EPU) on banks' credit risks and lending decisions. The results reveal significantly positive connections among EPU and non-performing loan ratios, loan concentrations and the normal loan migration rate. This indicates that EPU increases banks' credit risks and negatively influences loan size, especially for joint-equity banks. Given the increasing credit risks generated by EPU, banks can improve operational performance by reducing loan sizes. Further research indicates that the effects of EPU on banks' credit risks and lending decisions are moderated by the marketization level, with financial depth moderating the effect on banks' credit risks and strengthening it on lending decisions.

Intelligent Decision Support System for Bank Loans Risk Classification

Intelligent Decision Support System (IISS) for Bank Loans Risk Classification (BLRC), based on the way of integration Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Expert System (ES), is proposed. According to the feature of BLRC, the key financial and non-financial factors are analyzed. Meanwhile, ES and Model Base (MB) which contain ANN are designed . The general framework,interaction and integration of the system are given. In addition, how the system realizes BLRC is elucidated in detail.

COVID‑19 pandemic risk and probability of loan default:evidence from marketplace lending market

As the COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the financial markets,a better understanding of the lending dynamics of a successful marketplace is necessary under the conditions of financial distress.Using the loan book database of Mintos(Latvia)and employing logit regression method,we provide evidence of the pandemic-induced exposure to default risk in the marketplace lending market.Our analysis indicates that the probability of default increases from 0.056 in the pre-pandemic period to 0.079 in the post-pandemic period.COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on default risk during May and June of 2020.We also find that the magnitude of the impact of COVID-19 risk is higher for borrowers with lower credit ratings and in countries with low levels of FinTech adoption.Our main findings are robust to sample selection bias allowing for a better understanding of and quantifying risks related to FinTech loans during the pandemic and periods of overall economic distress.

Team rivalry and lending on crowdfunding platforms:an empirical analysis

Background:Prosocial crowdfunding helps the underprivileged obtain non-profitseeking loans from multitudinous lenders.Some platforms introduce teamcompetition to motivate member participation and may thus induce team rivalry.Methods:We investigate how team rivalry affects lending decisions using data fromKiva.org.We argue that a rivalry relationship may engage teams to compete directlyagainst rivals by lending to the same project or prevent them from doing sobecause they intend not to cooperate.Result:We find that a team is less likely to lend to a project that has receivedfunding from its rival team,suggesting that rival teams tend to avoid cooperation.Conclusions:We discuss the implications of our findings for crowdfundingand competition-based motivation mechanisms in general.

An Analysis of the Loan Exit Gaming on Relationship Lending in China

This paper analyzes the loan exit on relationship lending in China. We define the relationship lending and analyze the value that both banks and borrowers will obtain in relationship lending, as well as some risks they will face, and then analyze the behaviors of loans exit with game theory. Our results suggest that, in general, relationship lending is helpful for the commercial banks and the enterprises to communicate information and enhance financing efficiency, while in the loan exit gaming, only when the decision of loan exit is made authentic promised by the banks, can the relationship lending effectively exert their positive function, and maintain the health cooperation between borrowers and lenders.

Study on relationship lending of small and medium enterprises

This paper focuses on relationship lending and the hypothesis of the small bank advantage. It integrates the knowledge of organization management theory, management theory and information economics theory. It combines the decision-making process of bank loans and the information needs, and analyzes the scientificity and rationality of the existing interpretations. Based on the reasons of ＂small bank advantage＂, it discusses some issues to which banks and enterprises should pay attention in the relationship lending.

Risks and Countermeasures of Chinese P2P Lending Network in the Internet Financial Background

In the era of big data-oriented development in today＇s society, with the Internet as the background of the financial lending rapid development of P2P network, and its role in promoting economic development has played, but also generated a lot of negative impact. In this paper, the basic concepts of lending comb P2P networks, based on analyzes the risks faced by P2P networks borrowing against these risks P2P network is proposed to strengthen the regulatory lending advice and countermeasures.

Private banking development in China under two organizational structures:Economic analysis from an organizational innovation perspective

This paper investigates optimal decisions for private banking development in China under two innovative organizational structures—the big retail mode(BRM)and the independent development mode(IDM).Under the BRM,the retail and private banking divisions form a cooperative relationship wherein the former transfers highnet-worth customers to the latter.In addition,retail banking receives a share of private banking revenues.We investigate the optimal revenue-sharing ratio between the two divisions and the optimal effort by private banking to serve transferred customers within the cooperative relationship.The analytical results show that as the private banking division becomes more developed,the optimal revenue-sharing ratio decreases,and the private banking division’s optimal effort to serve transferred customers decreases because it puts more effort into acquiring new customers.Under the IDM,the two divisions form a competitive relationship since they compete to acquire customers independently.We investigate customer acquisition efforts in this interdivisional competition.Optimal customer acquisition efforts by both divisions increase in potential assets and rates of return.This paper contributes to the literature by(1)analyzing financial innovation by private banks from an organizational perspective;(2)providing an economic analysis for private banking development in China.

惟精惟勤,玉汝于成:信贷专业化与企业新质生产力发展

面对世界百年未有之大变局,基于行业专业化的产业金融发展对加速形成新质生产力举足轻重。立足于新质生产力的基本内涵构建企业层面指标体系,基于A股上市公司2011—2022年数据,考察信贷专业化对企业新质生产力的影响及机制。研究发现,信贷专业化通过优化资本结构、改善投资效率、提高风险承担,促进企业新质生产力发展。异质性分析表明,信贷专业化对新质生产力的促进作用在规模较小、银企关联较弱和公司透明度较低的企业中更显著。此外,银行竞争、金融数字化和科技金融政策能发挥协同效应。因此,应鼓励银行制定特色化、专业化的发展战略,同时重视银行竞争格局和科技金融生态的建设和完善,促进新质生产力加速形成以助力中国式现代化。

地方性商业银行发展与城市经济韧性

近年来,中国城市经济发展面临外部不确定性冲击和内部发展多重压力,推动增强城市经济韧性是统筹城市经济安全与发展的重要部分。本文从地方性商业银行发展这一金融要素视角探讨如何增强城市经济韧性。在理论分析地方性商业银行发展影响城市经济韧性机制的基础上,本文基于中国地方性商业银行的网点分布与城市经济的匹配数据,实证检验了地方性商业银行发展对城市经济韧性的影响。研究发现,地方性商业银行网点分布密集的城市具有较强的经济韧性,这种积极影响在城市经济遭受冲击后的抵御时期和经济恢复时期均存在。机制分析表明,政府持股和软信息优势下的地方性商业银行逆周期信贷行为是提升城市经济抵御不利冲击和恢复能力的主要机制。与此同时,地方性商业银行对城市创新能力提升的支持有利于增强城市遭遇不利冲击后的经济恢复能力。本文研究表明,推动地方性商业银行发展是各城市应对内外部不确定性冲击、增强城市经济韧性的有效举措。

银行处罚的信息溢出效应与实体经济效应——基于银企借贷关系的视角

银行处罚既是微观审慎监管工具,也是促进金融服务实体经济的重要手段。本文使用2009—2021年我国A股上市公司与原银保监会行政处罚的微观数据,考察了银行处罚对借款企业的信息溢出效应与实体经济效应。研究发现,银行处罚可显著改善借款企业的信息披露质量,即具有显著的信息溢出效应。异质性分析显示,该溢出效应在非国有、对不确定性感知弱、对外部融资依赖度高以及地区法制化程度高的企业更为显著。机制检验发现,银行处罚能够促进银企借贷关系合理化,进而改善企业信息披露质量。进一步的研究发现,银行处罚的信息溢出效应在稳定股市、增加实体投资以及缓解融资约束等方面能够发挥积极作用,即具有显著的实体经济效应。本文从银行处罚视角揭示了银行业强监管的信息溢出效应和实体经济效应及其内在机制,为金融监管的有效性提供了微观证据,对金融如何支持实体经济的高质量发展具有重要的参考价值。

双重资金约束下考虑碳配额交易的供应链融资决策

构建由生产和减排双重资金约束的制造商和零售商组成的低碳供应链系统,针对银行借贷和提前支付两种融资模式,探究碳配额交易下制造商的融资决策问题,并分析了碳减排成本系数和碳交易价格对融资决策和供应链成员利润的影响.研究发现:当提前支付利率等于银行借贷利率时,无论是否考虑碳配额交易,提前支付融资总会给制造商带来较大利润,因此,提前支付是制造商的最优融资选择.当融资利率不等时,制造商融资方式会受到碳配额交易和碳减排成本系数的影响.碳减排成本系数增大时,融资规模、供应链成员利润均降低,而碳交易价格提高时,融资规模、制造商利润均增加.另外,碳配额交易会增加制造商利润,但会损害零售商利润.

借贷便利创新工具、资产收益率与商业银行信用风险

本文基于2014—2021年中国203家银行的非平衡面板数据,考察借贷便利创新工具对商业银行信用风险的影响。实证分析发现:借贷便利创新操作会显著增加商业银行信用风险,该结论在考虑内生性问题以及进行一系列稳健性检验后依然成立。异质性检验显示,这一政策效应在区域性商业银行、规模较小的商业银行中表现得更为明显。中介效应模型检验表明,借贷便利创新工具通过抑制商业银行资产收益率的渠道增加信用风险。调节效应模型检验结果说明,资本监管力度和银行家乐观度的提高均会减弱借贷便利创新工具对商业银行信用风险的加剧效应。该研究结论对于中央银行适时适量地进行借贷便利操作和商业银行信用风险管理防控具有借鉴意义。

民营企业融资结构与创新决策——来自世界银行企业调查数据的证据

论文利用世界银行提供的企业调查数据分析了民营企业融资结构与创新决策之间的关系。研究发现,多元化的外部融资从总体上能提升企业创新强度、促进企业创新决策,即从集约边际和扩展边际两个维度提高企业创新;外部融资对不同类型创新的影响存在差异,与发明等突破创新相比,外部融资对采用和传播等渐进创新具有更显著的促进作用。异质性分析发现,技术水平较低的企业不仅更偏向于采用等渐进创新而且依赖银行融资,而技术水平较高的企业更偏向于发明等突破创新、更依赖非银行金融机构融资的支持;在金融发展水平较高的国家中,市场渠道的外部融资更能够促进企业创新,在金融发展相对滞后的国家中,中介渠道的外部融资则是企业创新的主要资金来源。鉴于此,论文为各国企业、金融机构和政府提供建议,以期调整民营融资结构、促进创新。

银行信贷决策对企业技术创新效率的影响研究——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

技术创新是提升企业价值的核心战略,更是提高国家整体创新水平的重要力量,已成为学术界关注和研究的重点。然而,现有研究对其技术创新的意愿关注较少,特别是对哪些激励因素能推动企业实施技术创新,并有效提高其效率的相关研究更欠缺。因此,本文基于金融资产错配视角,以2006~2022年中国上市公司作为初始样本,实证考察了银行信贷决策对企业技术创新效率的影响机制。研究发现:银行信贷决策对技术创新效率具有提升作用,而金融资产错配在创新投入要素上具有显著的异质性,并作为其两者间重要的传导机制。本文据此建议,要深入融合创新要素市场,强化技术创新与建设创新文化,进一步与金融监管系统协同发展。