New material of Cordaites baodeensis Sun from Lower Permian Shanxi Formation of Baode,Shanxi

Based on the anatomical study of leaf cuticles of Cordaites from the Lower Permian Shanxi Formation in Baode of Shanxi, the author analysed the epidermal characters of Cordaites in this area. On the base of the abundant compressions and laboratory studies, the author complemented some new data of the cuticular characters of the speeies Cordaites baodeensis Sun for its study of taxonomy. Meanwhile, the author newly discovered a number of sporopollen fossils associated with the mega-plants of Cordctitales, described 9 species of 6 genera. The palynological data can provide a supplement evidence for defining the age of C. baodeensis and its associated plants to be Early Permian.

Religious Believers Share the Fruit of China’s Reforms——The story of a rural district in Shanxi Province

At Jiancaoping District, a rural part of Taiyuan, the capital city of Shanxi Province, north China, more than 8% of the residents are religious, believing in Catholicism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, as well as China＇s indigenous religion, Taoism. In other words, all the five religions in China have believers here. In particular, there are 16 villages with altogether 10,000 Catholics living in compact communties. It so happens that most religious people live in mountainous or hilly areas in the district, where adverse natural conditions once rendered them poor.

Crustal thickness and v_P/v_S ratio in Shanxi Graben, China

Shanxi Graben is in the middle part of the North China Craton, from south to north. With the teleseismic data recorded by Regional Seismograph Networks and the temporary ZBnet-W Seismic Array around east part of Shanxi Graben, we measured the crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio beneath each station using the H-K stack of receiver functions. The observed crustal thickness shows obvious lateral variation, increasing gradually from east to west in the Shanxi Graben. Beneath the Shanxi Graben the crust is relatively thicker than both sides of the south and the north. In addition, the Vp/Vs ratio in the north of study zone is higher than that in the south. The highest Vp/Vs ratio exists in the crust of the Xinding basin and the Datong basin. Our study also suggests that high velocity ratio might result from the strong activities of the magmation and volcanism.

Sequence stratigraphic framework and sedimentary model of Shanxi Formation in northeast Zhoukou Depression of the North China Plate

The sequence stratigraphic framework of Shanxi Formation in the northeast Zhoukou Depression was established based on detailed sequence stratigraphical and sedimentological analysis by utilizing the logging and core data of six wells drilled in the eastern tectonic unit of Zhoukou Depression.It was divided into three third-order sequences,namely SQs1,SQs2,and SQs3 from bottom to top.Each sequence can be divided into a transgressive system tract(TST)and a highstand system tract(HST).Furthermore,four sequence boundaries and three maximum flooding surfaces were identified,and they are the bottom interface SBs and maximum flooding surface mfss1 of SQs1,the bottom interface SBs1 and maximum flooding surface mfss2 of SQs2,the bottom interface SBs3 and maximum flooding surface mfss3 of SQs3,and the top interface SBx from bottom to top.Carbonate tidal flat–clastic tidal flat sedimentary system developed in Shanxi Formation in the northeast Zhoukou Depression(also referred to as the study area)under the control of regression.Meanwhile,four sedimentary microfacies were identified in the sedimentary system,which are lime-mud flats,sand flats,mixed flats,and mud flats.The transgression in the study area occurred from the southeast to the northwest.Therefore,the northwestern part is the seaward side,and the southeastern part is the landward side.As revealed by relevant drilling data,SQs1 of the Shanxi Formation is characterized by the development of limestone and carbonaceous mudstone,with limestone,dark mudstone,and carbonaceous mudstone mainly developing.Meanwhile,lime-mud flats were mainly deposited in it.During the periods of SQs2 and SQs3,the sedimentary environment of the study area changed from the carbonate tidal flats to clastic tidal flats as the coastline migrated towards the sea.In these periods,sand flats mainly developed near the maximum flooding surfaces and were relatively continuous in the eastern and southern parts of the transgressive system tract;mixed flats were relatively continuous in the western and northern parts of the transgressive system tract as well as the eastern and southern parts of the highstand system tract;mud flats widely developed in the highstand system tract.Peat flats mainly developed in the period of HSTs2,with coal seams relatively developing in the southeastern part of the study area as revealed by drilling data.The peat flats in SQs2 are favorable hydrocarbon source layers,the lime-mud flats in SQs1 and sand flats formed in the transgression periods of SQs2 and SQs3 constitute favorable hydrocarbon reservoirs,and the mud flats form in the transgressions periods serve as favorable cap rocks.Therefore,the study area features a reservoir-cap assemblage for self-generating and self-storing of hydrocarbon,and the southeastern part of the study area can be taken as a favorable exploration area.

Thoughts of geographical indication in Shanxi province based on comparison with six provinces of Central China

Geographical indication is indication not only of origin but also of quality, and what＇s more, it is a kind of intellectual property rights. The paper analyzes the problems of geographical indication in Shanxi province by comparison with six provinces of Central China, suggesting that in order to actively expand protective space of geographical indication, two key things should be done： Firstly, the transition from resource advantages to brand advantages should be actively promoted; secondly, the governments and industry associations should play their effective roles.

Geochemical characteristics of REY, Li, Ga trace elements in the No. 9 coal seam of the Daheng mine, Ningwu coalfield, Shanxi Province, China

To understand the geochemical characteristics of the No.9 coal in the Daheng Mine of the Ningwu coalfield,the trace element analysis was conducted through X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF)and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS).The sedimentary environment was discussed according to the element geochemical parameters.The results show that Li,Ga,Hf,Zr,Nb,Th,and Ta are slightly enriched in the No.9 coal of Daheng Mine.The average value of the rare earth elements and yttrium(ΣREY)in coal here is 144.20μg/g(excluding parting),which is higher than the average value ofΣREY in the world’s coal and China’s coal.The light rare earth elements(LREY)are enriched.The content of Eu was 0.12‒2.10μg/g with an average of 0.57μg/g,and the Eu is obviously negatively abnormal.Most of the trace elements in the coal are positively correlated with the ash content,which shows that the occurrence of these trace elements is related to inorganic minerals.The results of sequential chemical extraction experiments show that rare earth elements mainly exist in coal in the form of aluminosilicate.The value of the Sr/Ba and the content of S reflect that the coal-forming environment was influenced by seawater.The values of V/Cr and Ni/Co reflect that the peat swamp is in an anaerobic environment and a strongly reducing environment during the coal-forming period.

Porosity model and pore evolution of transitional shales:an example from the Southern North China Basin

The evolution of shale reservoirs is mainly related to two functions:mechanical compaction controlled by ground stress and chemical compaction controlled by thermal effect.Thermal simulation experiments were conducted to simulate the chemical compaction of marine-continental transitional shale,and X-ray diffraction(XRD),CO2 adsorption,N2 adsorption and high-pressure mercury injection(MIP)were then used to characterize shale diagenesis and porosity.Moreover,simulations of mechanical compaction adhering to mathematical models were performed,and a shale compaction model was proposed considering clay content and kaolinite proportions.The advantage of this model is that the change in shale compressibility,which is caused by the transformation of clay minerals during thermal evolution,may be considered.The combination of the thermal simulation and compaction model may depict the interactions between chemical and mechanical compaction.Such interactions may then express the pore evolution of shale in actual conditions of formation.Accordingly,the obtained results demonstrated that shales having low kaolinite possess higher porosity at the same burial depth and clay mineral content,proving that other clay minerals such as illite-smectite mixed layers(I/S)and illite are conducive to the development of pores.Shales possessing a high clay mineral content have a higher porosity in shallow layers(<3500 m)and a lower porosity in deep layers(>3500 m).Both the amount and location of the increase in porosity differ at different geothermal gradients.High geothermal gradients favor the preservation of high porosity in shale at an appropriate Ro.The pore evolution of the marine-continental transitional shale is divided into five stages.Stage 2 possesses an Ro of 1.0%-1.6%and has high porosity along with a high specific surface area.Stage 3 has an Ro of 1.6%-2.0%and contains a higher porosity with a low specific surface area.Finally,Stage 4 has an Ro of 2.0%-2.9%with a low porosity and high specific surface area.

Macroalgae in a spring stream in Shanxi Province:composition and relation to physical and chemical variables

Fourteen stream segments were investigated throughout the Xin’an Spring in Shanxi Province, China in 2004. The variation ranges in stream size, current velocity, discharge, dissolved oxygen, and specific conductance were large. Twenty-two macroalgae species were found in the stream. Major divisions in terms of species numbers were Chlorophyta (59.1%), Cyanophyta (22.8%), Xanthophyta (9.1%), Rhodophyta (4.5%) and Charophyta (4.5%). The most widespread species, Cladophora rivularis (50.0%), also Oedogonium sp. (42.9%) and Spirogyra sp. (42.9%) were well represented throughout the stream, whereas another 10 species were found in only one sampling site. Total percentage cover varied from <1% to 90%. Red algae Batrachospermum acuatum and the charophytes Chara vulgaris have the highest percentage cover. Among the parameters analyzed, the stream width, specific conductance and dissolved oxygen were the ones that more closely related to the species number and percentage cover of macroalgal communities. The species number of each site was negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen content. The total percentage cover of the macroalgae was negatively correlated with the stream width and the specific conductance.

Preliminary Study on the Seismicity Trend of the Shanxi Seismic Belt

In this paper,according to the geological structure and the data on seismicity in the Shanxi seismic belt,the tectonic stress field of this belt is numerically imitated by using the finite element method,and by analyzing synthetically the characteristics of seismogeoiogical structure,seismicity and tectonic stress field,the trend of the coming macroseism in the Shanxi seismic belt can be roughly assessed.The main estimate is as follows.From 1993 to 2015,a strong earthquake with Ms=6.2±0.4 may occur in the Shanxi seismic belt,and there are 3 possible locations for earthquake occurrence,if we arrange according to the order of possibility of earthquake occurrence,the location of a coming earthquake would be(1)the region between Huoxian and Hongdong;(2)the region surrounded by Datong,Huairen,Yingxian and Hunyuan,and(3)the region surrounded by eastern Lingqiu to both ends of the Laiyuan fault.

Willingness of Rural Households in Mountainous Areas towards Land Transfer——A Case of Beiliang Village, Wuxiang County, Shanxi Province

In this paper, the Beiliang Village, Wuxiang County of Shanxi Province is chosen as the study object. The methods investigation and interview are applied. And then the status quo of land transfer is analyzed from the aspects of private land transfer, the form of land transference, the land transfer fee, the contracts of the land transfer and farmers' knowledge on land transfer law and so on. Through the investigation and research on peasant households' willingness towards land transfer and the factors that affect the land transfer, the willingness of farmers' land transfer in recent years are transferred. Farmers' land transfer willingness in recent years is clear. On the strength of the analysis, the scientific basis for the reasonable transfer of land in mountainous areas is put forward for optimizing the land distribution and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of rural economy. The countermeasures aim at accelerating land transfer, increasing farmers' income; stringing the development of rural education, increasing the support on three agricultural problems concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, and standardizing the rural land transfer behaviors are put forwarded as well.

Consumption Status of Rural Residents in Shanxi Province

After the analysis on the consumption changes of rural residents in Shanxi Province during the 30 years since the reform and opening up,it indicates that,their consumption scale has been expanding,the consumption level has been greatly promoted,the consumption structure has been gradually becoming reasonable and the consumption quality has been obviously improved.An analysis is also conducted on the influencing factors constraining the consumption demand of rural residents,mainly including the farmers' lack of capacity to increase income and inadequate support for consumption;heavy burdens on farmers and instable income expectation;bad consumption environment and increasing constraints on consumption demand;less consumption goods suitable for farmers;unsound security system which affects the immediate consumption of farmers;backward consumption concept which restricts the improvement of consumption level.At last some corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are proposed,namely,maintaining the constant income growth of farmers so as to improve their purchasing power;establishing modern circulation network in rural areas so as to ensure a smooth channel for commodity market;enhancing the rural infrastructure construction so as to improve the consumption environment of rural residents;producing marketable commodities so as to meet rural market demand;perfecting social security system so as to improve the consumer tendency of farmers.

New Issues and Countermeasures of Ecological Reconstruction of Coal Mines in Shanxi

According to the present situation of ecological reconstruction of coal mines（ERCM）in Shanxi,and considering the technical requirements of Guidelines for Mine Ecological Environment Protection and Recovery Management Programming,new issues faced by ERCM have been systematically analyzed,including the investigation of ecological destruction status,classification of damaged ecological environment,ecological reconstruction（ER）sustainability,driving force for ER,and so on.On this basis,suggestions for ERCM and advices for the ERCM programming are proposed.

EP CHINA '92

The News Conference for EP CHINA ’92 was held in Beijingnn March 26,1991.Mr.Shi Dazhen,Vice Minister of theMinistry of Energy,Mr.Zhang Fengxiang,President of China Elec-tricity Council,Mr.Yao Zhenyan,President of the State Energy In-vestment Corp.,Mr.Li Dinfan,Vice President of China Nuclear Corp.and Mr.Wang Chuanjian,President of China Huanen Group as wellas forty foreign agencies and power equipment manufacturers at-tended the News Conference.EP CHINA ’92 will be held in May 14-19 1992 at China Inter-national Exhibition Center,Beijing.Entrusted by the Ministry of En-ergy,China Electricity Council will cooperate again with China Coun-

Analysis Of Development Status And Path Of Alumina Indusatry In Shanxi Province(Part Ⅱ)

Ⅱ.Analysis of competitiveness of alumina industry in Shanxi Province1.Resource endowment advantage Shanxi Province has incomparable natural endowment for development of coal-power-aluminum-material industry compared with other regions in China.It has abundant bauxite resources.By the end of 2015,the accumulative proven reserve of bauxite resources in Shanxi reached 1.62 billion tons,with an available reserve of about 1.527 billion tons,accounting for 32.5%of the proven bauxite resources reserve nationwide(ranking the first place nationwide).Specifically,the available reserve of bauxite resources in Lvliang City alone reaches 649 million tons,accounting for 42.5%of the total of Shanxi Province.

民国时期山西农村合作运动述评

20世纪二三十年代,中国多数农村经济凋敝,山西亦不例外。不少知识分子提出发展农村合作事业的主张。以阎锡山为首的山西省政府也意识到振兴农村的必要性与迫切性,遂决定开展农村合作运动。全面抗战爆发后,农村合作运动一度中断。从1942年开始,阎锡山政权开始实施“新经济政策”,并在抗战胜利后将之进一步强化。通过出台一系列政策,在政府行政力量的推动下,山西部分县份农村合作运动得到了一定程度的发展,不仅规模有所扩大、组织管理机构相对完善、业务增多,而且还开展了合作教育。但整体而言,阎锡山治下山西农村合作运动并未取得预期的效果,虽然建立了较多的合作社尤其是信用合作社,但是对农村社会产生的积极影响甚微,农村经济并未得到根本性的改观。

ICU谵妄严重程度的影响因素及预后研究

目的调查ICU谵妄的严重程度,分析其影响因素,探讨对患者预后的影响。方法纳入2022年9月一2023年9月入住山西省太原市某三级甲等医院综合ICU的患者410例,将其分为亚谵妄组、轻中度谵妄组和重度谵妄组,收集相关资料并于出院90d后随访。采用多因素Logistic回归分析谵妄严重程度的影响因素,采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制患者出院后90d的累积生存曲线并进行Log-rank检验。结果ICU谵妄发生率为36.77%;谵妄严重程度占比中,亚谵妄占32.20%,轻中度谵妄占47.32%,重度谵妄占20.48%。以亚妄为参照,年龄是轻中度谵妄的危险因素;机械通气时间是重度谵妄的危险因素;苯二氮草类药物使用、降钙素原、急性生理与慢性健康评分Ⅱ(Acute Physiology And Chronic Health EvaluationⅡ,APACHEⅡ)、胃肠功能分级是谵妄严重程度的危险因素(P<0.05);不同谵妄严重程度患者出院后90d病死率有影响。

党在晋察冀边区局部执政时期对社会治理的探索与实践(1937-1945)

社会治理是社会建设的重要组成部分,也是新时代推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的重要内容。新民主主义革命时期,我们党在局部执政条件下,就肩负起社会治理的历史重任,致力于对旧社会的根本改造,逐步建立起新民主主义政权。全面抗战时期,党在晋察冀边区局部执政实践中,结合边区实际,有效协调各抗日力量,稳定社会秩序;建设新民主主义文化、教育事业,强化社会认同;加强公安、司法建设,保卫社会安全;开展救灾斗争、卫生建设,增强社会保障。边区社会面貌焕然一新,社会治理成效显著。从而,坚定了边区人民衷心拥护党的领导,激发团结了边区各阶级的力量,积极投身民族独立、人民解放斗争。党在晋察冀边区积累的丰富社会改造及治理经验,对新时代推进社会治理工作具有启示意义。

治理与出路:晋察冀抗日根据地的植树造林运动

晋察冀抗日根据地是抗战敌我双方交锋的“前沿阵地”,具有重要战略地位,根据地遭日寇反复扫荡,自然灾害频发、人民生活艰难,在此背景下植树造林成为根据地保证生存条件,坚持抗战的重要手段。但是由于灌溉困难、劳动力缺失、种植技术欠缺等因素,植树造林运动困难重重。中国共产党领导的边区政府展现其出色的组织领导能力,通过兴修水利、动员群众和改良种植技术的方法,在战争中艰难地推进生态环境修复,为抗日根据地的生存和发展提供基础,也为今天继续推进生态环境保护修复提供参考。

山西莫底沟矿区含硫矿物产酸潜力评估

含硫矿物产酸潜力的综合评估对于酸性矿山废水防治和生态环境保护具有重要意义。以山西省河津市莫底沟矿区为例,基于岩石样品地球化学静态测试结果,结合含硫矿物储量和矿井涌水量估算,综合评估了莫底沟矿区含硫矿物的产酸潜力。结果表明:莫底沟矿区内太原组10号煤、本溪组铝土矿和本溪组硫铁矿均具有产酸潜力,太原组煤层间的灰岩不具备产酸潜力;估算出莫底沟矿区的最大产酸量为1.9万t H_(2)SO_(4),年产酸性废水量为30.9万m^(3),产酸年限为265.5 a;对评估过程中的不确定因素进行分析发现,最大产酸量偏大,年产酸性废水量偏小,产酸年限偏大。