Space-time Relationship Between Urban Municipal District Adjustment and Built-up Area Expansion in China

Municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion are two main forms of urban spatial expansion. Using geometric methods, this study constructed a space-time path method to characterize the space-time relationship between municipal district adjustment and built-up area expansion, and drew the space-time path sets of major prefecture level cities from 2000 to 2010 by constructing a coordinate system of the standardized built-up areas and municipal district areas. This divided them into four quadrants, namely, H-H, L-H, L-L, and H-L, based on the relative mean value to evaluate overall and individual stability by three indexes of the trajectory vectors, namely, direction, length, and slope. Results provide the following conclusions. 1) Municipal district adjustment is an effective spatial expansion way for city-scale promotion in China. Since 2000, municipal district adjustments have been mainly distributed in the eastern coastal regions and mid-western capital cities along with their surrounding cities. 2) Municipal district adjustment affects the scale and status of a city in China. Many cities that have expanded municipal districts behave stably and cross quadrants. 3) Great majority second-tier cities have effectively promoted their scale and status through municipal district adjustment. The municipal district adjustment of medium and small cities in the mid-west area is relatively advanced compared with city development. 4) Municipal district adjustment with minimal magnitude is severely restricted from upgrading the scale and status of a city. The transformation from entirely incorporated counties or cities to municipal districts should be the mainstream in future municipal district adjustment.

Design Strategy of Municipal Reconstruction of Expressway in Mountainous Area

The construction of a mountain expressway is critical to the development of the mountain economy and the creation of mountain areas.However,since the service life of many mountain expressways continues to increase,municipal transformation design is required to improve the smoothness of the expressway,make efficient use of space,and reduce resource waste.The author investigates the current challenges in the construction of a mountainous expressway and proposes an effective method for municipal reconstruction design of a mountainous expressway,in the hopes of assisting in the optimization and development of the mountainous expressway.

低山丘陵地区市政道路的BIM正向设计

低山丘陵地区的市政道路设计不同于平原地区,存在高桥隧比、平纵线形受地形与造价限制等问题,还需要尽量减少对自然环境的生态影响.结合成都市东西城市轴线龙泉山段道路的设计方案,论述设计低山丘陵地区市政道路线形时的控制要点,并结合BIM应用在前期方案设计中对道路线形进行直观展示,以实现对项目功能与造价的合理控制.

市政建设与露营地发展策略研究

近年来,露营的兴起为旅游行业注入了新的活力,得到了国家政策的大力支持与鼓励。露营地的建设与市政关系密切,两者相互促进、相互支持。笔者通过分析OTA旅游平台用户反馈,对负面评价进行了整理,总结出目前我国国内露营地建设与发展中存在的问题,同时结合市政建设,提出了露营地规划与建设、产品开发、服务与管理、环境保护等方面的发展建议,以期进一步推动露营地的健康发展,促进旅游行业的持续增长。

公路城市化断面预算编制的优化研究

本文从分析北京市公路城市化断面项目预算编制过程中存在的问题出发,通过修编预算定额和调整取费两个方面开展研究,提出预算编制的优化方法,为今后城镇化地区公路工程概预算工作提供思路。

宝鸡市马头滩林区锐齿槲栎天然更新影响因子调查

本研究对宝鸡市马头滩林区主要阔叶树种锐齿槲栎的天然更新状况进行了调查,分析了不同影响因子对该树种天然更新的影响。结果表明:随着锐齿槲栎林分密度的增大,幼苗的更新密度先增大后减小,幼树的更新密度整体上呈减小趋势;阳坡幼苗和幼树的更新密度均最大,阴坡幼苗的更新密度较大;海拔对锐齿槲栎的天然更新影响较大,随着海拔的增高,幼树的更新密度先增大后减小,而幼苗的更新密度整体上呈减小趋势。

给排水节能技术在市政给排水工程设计中的应用

随着城市化进程的加速,市政给排水工程建设越来越受到人们的关注。为了减少能源消耗和环境污染,给排水节能技术在市政给排水工程设计中得到了广泛应用。文章对某市一处居民区的给排水系统进行了分析,探讨了给排水节能技术在市政给排水工程设计中的应用效果。

A Study on The Management of Municipal Residential Solid Waste in China

As the main organic pollutant in municipal living waste , kitchen waste causes secondary pollution in the course of its being gathered and transported to the landfill by mixing with other refuse and by decomposition. This makes pollution prevention more difficult and raises the cost of landfill engineering. However, the amount of solid waste to be treated can be decreased and such pollution burden lessened by disposing of the solid waste in local municipal areas. The program in Beijing also shows that this works well with our situation in China and can accelerate marketization and public participation.

Planning of Waste Management Systems in Urban Area Using Multi-Criteria Analysis

Planning of waste management system in urban area should take into consideration many legal, technological, financial, economic, technical, ecological, social and spatial aspects. The aim of the paper is to propose the method, which can be helpful in planning procedure of waste management system in European cities or regions, which comprise with following steps: identification of produced volume and municipal solid waste characteristics in the region for providing grounds to design a technological system, identification of other financial, economic, legal, social aspects for creation of waste management scenarios, definition of the criteria allowing evaluate designed waste management scenarios based on plan requirements, make an the multi-criteria analysis for choosing the best scenario in the region. Such analyses were conducted to evaluate the proposed different waste management systems in city of Cracow in 2000, 2004 and 2007. This comparison of theses systems shows that evaluating criteria were tightened as a result of toughening regulations of both Polish and the EU laws.

Analyzing Urban Expansion and Spatial Growth Patterns in Barahathawa Municipality of Central Tarai Region, Nepal

The rapid transformation of rural settlements into municipalities in Ne­pal has brought significant changes in land use,and urban expansion and growth patterns mostly through the conversion of agricultural land into the built-up area.The issue is studied taking a case of the rapidly growing town,Barahathawa Municipality of Tarai Region of Sarlahi District.After the declaration of the municipality,several new roads have been opened and upgraded;and the municipality is well-connected to the national transportation network.After promulgated the Constitution of Nepal 2015 and functioning the elected local body,the municipality budget has been increased significantly as a result of increasing municipal investment in so­cio-economic and physical infrastructure development and environmental protection which has attracted people,goods,and services creating the zone of influence on the municipality.One of the changes found in the munici­pality is the increasing built-up area and expansion of urban growth through the decreasing agricultural land.Urban growth has been observed taking place around the Barahathawa Bazaar and main roadsides.The built-up area in Barahathawa municipality has remarkably increased by 183percent with the decrease of shrub and agricultural land within 10 years.Implica­tions of such spatial and temporal dynamics have been a core issue of urban planning in most of the newly declared municipalities in Nepal.

西安奥体中心周边市政排水工程设计与优化

西安奥林匹克体育中心是2021年9月第十四届全运会的主场馆,位于西安国际港务区内,奥体中心周边重点建设区域面积约14.6 km^(2)。市政排水工程依据新修编的专项规划进行设计,工程建设过程中紧密结合区域实际建设情况,以及前期建设中反馈的问题,对雨水系统出路、道路横断面管位布置、用户预埋管、铺装井盖和雨水箅子等进行了优化。工程建成后运行良好,对城市道路排水工程设计及建设具有一定参考价值。

“和谐稳州”战略下加快推进黔西南市域社会治理现代化研究

加快推进市域社会治理现代化是完善社会治理体系的重要内容,黔西南州作为贵州省市域社会治理现代化第一批试点城市,抢抓机遇,实施“和谐稳州”战略。从黔西南加快推进市域社会治理现代化现状出发,剖析存在问题,提出对策建议,以安全稳定的社会环境助推地方高质量发展。

新时代民族地区社会治理的国家安全意涵及其重点推进

自党的十八大以来,党中央不断丰富社会治理的内涵,提升社会治理的功能定位。社会治理从促进和谐社会建设的基础定位,演变为促进社会和谐与活力激发的重要机制,在党的二十大报告中又提升为国家安全的基层基础。而民族地区自然、社会与文化方面的独特性则凸显了民族地区社会治理对国家安全的重要意义。为追求人全面而自由的发展、回应社会发展内在张力构建新时代社会团结机制,民族地区社会治理与国家安全实现紧密契合、相互融通。国家安全视域下民族地区社会治理的推进,要重视发扬富有民族特色的新时代“枫桥经验”,提升基层治理效能;推进民族地区市域社会治理现代化,构建立体高效的社会治理体系;促进各民族相互交流与嵌入,铸牢中华民族共同体意识。

施用污泥制有机营养土对沙地苗圃土壤微生物的影响

采用磷脂脂肪酸标记法(PLFA),按照不同污泥制有机营养土施用量设置4个处理梯度,分别为0(CK)、3 kg·m^(-2)(T1)、6 kg·m^(-2)(T2)、9 kg·m^(-2)(T3),再对土壤微生物数量及微生物多样性进行监测和分析。结果表明:施用污泥制有机营养土可以增加土壤中微生物数量,当有机营养土施用量为6~9 kg·m^(-2)时,最利于土壤微生物的生存与繁衍。当施用量为9 kg·m^(-2)时,能显著提高土壤深度(h)为0<h≤20 cm土层的微生物多样性指数、均匀度指数、优势度指数。不同施用量对深层土壤微生物的生存与繁殖无显著影响。

沿海地区市政道路软土地基处理方法研究

分析了沿海地区市政道路软土地基的特征,结合三亚安游路改造工程的具体情况,介绍了水泥土搅拌桩和CFG桩在该项目软土地基处理中的应用,具体包括施工步骤、技术要点及质量控制要点。

低温条件下市政污水处理应对技术措施探讨

北方寒冷地区的市政污水厂进水水温较低,给污水处理系统的正常运行带来较大影响。基于此,本文分别从工程技术和运行管理两个角度,对水厂设计和运行优化、低温菌剂和生物载体投加、污水提温、池体加盖保温、管网改造及水源替换等技术措施进行分析探讨,提出了不同条件下的应对措施建议,以期为相关地区污水厂的建设和运行管理提供借鉴。

浅谈老城区市政工程施工期交通疏解方案设计

随着城市发展,老城区的市政基础设施亟待改造更新,道路交通也日益拥堵。在市政工程施工过程中,城市管理部门对道路的交通疏解方案也越来越重视。因此,老城区市政工程施工期间交通疏解方案的研究、设计和制定对城市交通的影响重大,需重点研究。通过讨论老城区市政工程施工类型、交通疏解影响因素、工作思路、设计原则、交通疏解方案的分类、设计流程等,可为规划管理部门和设计施工单位制定合理的交通疏解方案提供有益的参考。

TOFD检测技术在市政桥梁检测领域的应用

通过论述超声波衍射时差法(TOFD)在市政钢结构桥梁检测中的应用,对TOFD检测和射线检测结果进行对照,探讨TOFD结合爬波、表面波或者磁粉综合检测取代射线检测的可能性。以工程实例分析射线检测和TOFD检测成本的差异,并以实际现场检测情况对处理TOFD检测盲区的方法选择给予合理的推荐。以此解决城市中钢结构桥梁射线检测的弊端,进而提高检测效率,节约成本,还能避免对周围环境的干扰。

2021年天津市市级水土流失动态监测结果分析

研究2021年天津市市级监测区土壤侵蚀强度等级变化及空间分布情况,科学评价天津市市级监测区内现阶段水土保持工作情况,判断今后水土保持的重点工作方向。通过综合运用遥感解译、实地调查和模型计算的方式方法,得出天津市2021年市级监测区土壤侵蚀状况,并将监测结果与2020年市级监测区水土流失动态监测成果进行对比分析。2021年天津市市级监测区现有水土流失面积18.45 km^(2),占市级水土流失动态监测区总面积的0.18%,以轻度侵蚀为主。与2020年相比,水土流失面积减少1.97 km^(2),减幅9.65%。水土流失总体呈减少趋势。天津市市级水土流失动态监测区内水土流失面积总体下降,区域水土保持功能稳步提升,水土流失主要发生在局部生产建设活动人为扰动用地,需进一步加强生产建设项目建设过程的水土保持监管。