Current Status of Clinical Application and Basic Research on Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa Jujube Lung-Diarrhoea Soup

The clinical application and basic research of Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa jujube diarrhoea lung soup focus on respiratory diseases and circulatory diseases, and its clinical application is more compared with the basic research, and Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa jujube diarrhoea lung soup is mostly used in the form of “Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa Hebecarpa jujube diarrhoea lung soup with additional subtractions or other formulas combining Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa Hebecarpa Hebecarpa jujube diarrhoea lung soup” in the clinical application. This article will focus on the main mechanisms of Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa jujube diarrhoea lung soup and its main components in the treatment of respiratory and circulatory diseases, and will give a review of the basic research on Draba nemerosa Hebecarpa Hebecarpa jujube diarrhoea lung soup as follows.

Research on Teaching Reform of Basic Medical Courses in Comprehensive Universities Oriented Towards“Clinical Competency”

Through this study,we aim to construct a teaching model for basic medical courses that enhances“clinical competency.”We explore the optimal methods and pathways for the organic integration of exam-oriented teaching and professional teaching,optimize teaching efficiency,improve teaching quality and educational effectiveness,and provide theoretical support for the cultivation of clinical medical talents in China.The goal is to establish a talent cultivation objective oriented towards“clinical competency,”promote the teaching reform of basic medical courses in comprehensive universities,facilitate the transition of basic medical course teaching from“teacher knowledge presentation”to“student knowledge construction,”and cultivate high-quality medical talents with clinical competency.

Liver alveolar echinococcosis in China: Clinical aspect with relative basic research

This paper deals with all aspects of liver alveolar echinococcosis (AE) including epidemiology, pathology, clinical manifestations, imaging examinations, diagnosis and differential diagnosis, surgical treatment and chemotherapy.The review is not only based on personal clinical experiences but also in combination with relative basic research such as proliferation and growth of alveococcus, preclinical studies of a novel compound extracted from TCM for treatment of liver AE, and molecular immunology used for specific AE diagnosis, etc.

Advances in the research of basic study and clinical application of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells

Since the discovery of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADSC) in more than ten years, a great progress has been made from its basic research to clinical application. Compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, ADSC is more abundant in reserve, easier to obtain with fewer injuries and less complications. These cells have multiple differentiation potential and can differentiate into adipocytes, chondrocytes and osteoblasts with the influence of different inducing factors. Early studies of ADSC mainly focused on the ability of multi-directional differentiation, especially on the regeneration of bone defects and cartilage tissue. At present, the researches mainly focus on immunoregulation and paracrine function of ADSC. Although ADSC has made a great progress in clinical application, the cell preparation, use pattern, and mechanisms in clinical treatment are not clear. This paper elaborates on these issues.

English for Medical Purposes:Design a Course for Chinese Clinical Doc tors for Overseas Exchange

The English level of the staff is generally intermediate since they have learned general English and medical English during their college and universities,the courses can be intensively taught in two months with three courses every week.The proficiency level of the exchanged clinical doctors,their linguistic needs as well as the communicative needs will be imaginatively illustrated according to the literatures which are about the medical staff's needs for English as a surviving tool of working in foreign hospitals.

Enhancing nursing education via academiceclinical partnership:An integrative review

A competent nursing workforce is important for an effective healthcare system.However,concerns on the poor quality of nursing care and poor competencies among nursing students,nurses,and midwives are increasing in Malawi.Anecdotal notes from stakeholders show shortfalls in nursing education.Furthermore,a large gap between theory and practice exists.This study described the role of academiceclinical partnership in strengthening nursing education.A search of ScienceDirect,PubMed,Medline,and PsychINFO on EBCSOhost and Google Scholar was conducted using the following key words:academic eclinical collaboration,academiceclinical partnership,academic practitioner gap,and college hospital partnership or/and nursing.Furthermore,peer reviewed reports on academiceclinical partnership in nursing were included in the search.Thirty-three records from 2002 to 2016 were reviewed.Six themes emerged from the review:mutual and shared goals,evidence-based practice,resource sharing and collaboration,capacity building,partnership elements,and challenges of academic clinical partnership.The review highlighted that academicepractice partnerships promote shared goal development for the healthcare system.The gap between theory and practice is reduced by the sharing of expertise and by increasing evidence-based practice.Academic clinical partnership improves competencies among students and the safety and health outcomes of patients.The study concluded that the nursing education implemented within an academic clinical partnership becomes relevant to the needs and demands of the healthcare system.

Effects of age and sex on clinical high-risk for psychosis in the community

BACKGROUND Recent reports of both heightened prevalence rates and limited clinical relevance of clinical high-risk(CHR)criteria and their relevant symptoms in children and adolescents indicate an important role of neurodevelopment in the early detection of psychoses.Furthermore,sex effects in CHR symptoms have been reported,though studies were inconclusive.As sex also impacts on neurodevelopment,we expected that sex might have an additional contribution to age in the prevalence and clinical relevance of CHR symptoms and criteria.AIM To investigate age and sex effects on CHR criteria and symptoms and their association with psychosocial impairment and mental disorder.METHODS In this cross-sectional cohort study,n=29168-to 40-year-olds,randomly drawn from the population register of the Swiss canton Bern,were assessed in semistructured interviews by phone or face-to-face for CHR symptoms and criteria using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-Risk Syndromes and the Schizophrenia Proneness Instrument in its child and youth,and adult version,respectively.Furthermore,social and occupational functioning and DSM-IV axis I disorders were assessed.Simple and interaction effects of age and sex on CHR symptoms and criteria,and interaction effects of age,sex,and CHR symptoms and criteria on presentation of functional impairment and of non-psychotic disorder were investigated using logistic regression analyses.RESULTS Altogether,542(18.6%)participants reported any CHR symptom;of these,261(9.0%)participants reported any one of the 11 criteria relevant cognitive and perceptual basic symptoms,and 381(13.1%)any one of the five attenuated or transient psychotic symptoms(attenuated psychotic symptoms/brief intermittent psychotic symptoms).Fewer participants met any one of the CHR criteria(n=82,2.8%)or any one of the three recently recommended CHR criteria(n=38,1.3%).Both age and sex were significantly(P<0.05)associated with CHR symptoms and criteria,mostly by younger age and female sex.Though slightly differing between symptom groups,age thresholds were detected around the turn from adolescence to adulthood;they were highest for cognitive basic symptoms and CHR criteria.With the exception of the infrequent speech disorganization attenuated psychotic symptom,the interaction of age with CHR symptoms and criteria predicted functional impairment;whereas,independent of each other,sex and CHR symptoms mostly predicted mental disorders.CONCLUSION Age and sex differentially impact on CHR symptoms and criteria;these differences may support better understanding of causal pathways.Thus,future CHR studies should consider effects of sex and age.

Hypertriglyceridemia and acute pancreatitis:clinical and basic research—a narrative review

Hypertriglyceridemia(HTG)is the third most common cause of acute pancreatitis(AP),and the incidence of HTG-induced AP(HTG-AP)is rising worldwide as a result of changes in lifestyle and dietary habits.In China,HTG accounts for 10%to 20%of the causes of AP,even becoming the second leading cause of AP.The presentation and diagnosis of HTG-AP is similar to that of AP from other causes,however,the complication rates and severe AP are significantly higher in patients with HTG-AP than in patients with other etiologies.Regarding the management of HTG-AP,the initial management is similar to that of AP from other causes and mainly includes fluid resuscitation,pain control,and nutritional support.In addition to supportive care,it is necessary to take appropriate measures to decrease serum TG levels,in order to alleviate the progression of AP and prevent recurrence.This review aims to summarize existing clinical and basic research evidence of HTG-AP and seeks to highlight the epidemiology,definition,pathogenesis,clinical course,diagnosis,management,prevention of recurrence,and specific clinical scenarios,such as HTG-AP during pregnancy,HTG-AP with diabetic ketoacidosis.

新医科背景下基础与临床融合式教学的研究与实践

为探索新医科背景下医学人才培养新模式,中南大学湘雅医学院积极推动临床五年制教育教学改革,在基础医学学科和临床学科协同开展系统性研究,从教育理念、教学内容、教学模式、教学资源、评价体系等方面进行改革实践,构建以知识整合为抓手的基础-临床融合式教学模式,建设优质共享资源,多学科整合与渗透、多种教学方法并用,为培养卓越医学人才综合素质提供了新思路。

情景模拟教学法在临床基本技能培训中的应用研究

目的基于PDCA循环理论探索情景模拟教学法在临床基本技能培训中的应用模式。方法选取哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院2019级临床医学专业96名学生作为研究对象,分别设置实验组和对照组,每组48名学生,于2022年3—12月开展技能培训。对照组采用传统方式培训,实验组采用基于PDCA循环的情景模拟教学法培训。比较分析对照组和实验组的培训效果及培训满意度。结果在实验组学生的培训效果调查中,临床基本技能操作中多方面评价结果均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在适当且安全的操作方式方面,两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在培训满意度调查中,实验组学生对培训满意度明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论在临床基本技能培训中应用基于PDCA循环的情景模拟教学法,有助于提升临床基本技能培训质量和学生满意度。

MDT联合PBL+CBL模式在临床肝癌教学中的应用

目的探讨多学科会诊(multiple disciplinary team,MDT)联合问题导向教学法(problem based learning,PBL)+案例教学法(case based learning,CBL)教学模式在肝癌临床教学中的应用效果。方法选择2019年10月—2022年6月入院实习的128名临床医学专业学生为研究对象,采用抽签法将其分为对照组64名和观察组64名,对照组采取传统教学模式,观察组采取MDT联合PBL+CBL教学模式。对比两组学生考核成绩、对教学效果的认同度、教学满意度。结果观察组考核成绩得分[理论知识(89.01±6.39)分、病例分析(84.16±5.04)分、技能操作(85.19±6.08)分]均高于对照组[理论知识(80.14±5.63)分、病例分析(76.69±5.60)分、技能操作(75.93±5.47)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组对MDT联合PBL+CBL教学模式能激发学习兴趣(95.31%)、加深对理论知识的理解(100.00%)、提升临床思维能力(93.75%)和临床分析能力(96.88%)、提高理论联系实践的能力(100%)、提升自学能力(96.88%)和团队协作能力(95.31%)的认同度均高于对照组(56.25%、60.94%、39.06%、62.50%、43.75%、35.94%、35.94%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组对教学的满意度(92.19%)高于对照组(51.56%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论MDT联合PBL+CBL的肝癌临床教学模式能提高教学质量,提升学生的综合素质。

基于OSCE考试成绩的临床基本技能教学同质化分析

目的:查找和改进临床医学专业学生临床实践教学中的薄弱环节,提高实践教学质量。方法:以沈阳某医学院校在12个实践教学基地实习的2016级临床医学专业参加毕业技能考试的291名实习学生作为研究对象,采用单因素方差分析和Kruskal-Wallis检验分析其客观结构化临床考试(objective structured clinical examination,OSCE)的临床基本技能成绩。结果:在标准化病人问诊及查体成绩中,H实践教学基地的及格率和平均分均最低,其实习学生的平均分与A、B、F、G、K、L实践教学基地实习学生比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在技能操作成绩中,H实践教学基地及格率和平均分最低,其实习学生的平均分与A、D、E、F、G、I、J、K实践教学基地实习学生比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。在辅助检查结果判读成绩中,H实践教学基地及格率和平均分最低,A、H基地实习学生的平均分与B、J基地实习学生的平均分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:不同实践教学基地的学生实习效果存在较大差异,医学院校要加强对实践教学基地的管理,确保临床实践教学质量同质化。

How to enhance basic research in the contemporary situation?

Basic research is the fountain in the whole scientific system that supports sustainable and strong innovation ability.Modern science and technologies are going into the era that science,technology and engineering are accelerating the penetration and integration.Interdisciplinary,cross-cooperation,and industry-university-research collaboration has grown up to be a trend of scientific research and even high quality economic development.All these need high-level basic research as support,and demand-led and application-oriented basic research is attaching much significance.

Policy Suggestions on Procurement of Basic Infusion Against the Background of Volume Procurement

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of basic infusion packaging materials for providing suggestions on formulating basic infusion volume procurement policies.Methods Combined with market data,questionnaire surveys were used to rank different basic infusion packaging materials.Pharmacists,nurses,and experts in the field of packaging respectively assess the safety,compatibility,effectiveness,convenience,and environmental friendliness of the materials.Results and Conclusion Products with the best clinical value have a lower market share than other products with average clinical value.The best three packaging materials only account for 15%of the market share.The order of clinical value from good to bad is inner-sealed polypropylene infusion bag(BFS)>soft aseptic bag with double valves and layers>upright polypropylene infusion bag>non-PVC soft bag>plastic bottle>glass bottle.The order of market share is non-PVC soft bag>soft aseptic bag with double valves and layers>plastic bottle>vertical polypropylene infusion bag>inner-sealed polypropylene infusion bag(BFS)>glass bottle.Therefore,the clinical values of various basic infusion packaging materials are different.The following countermeasures are put forward such as separating bidding for basic infusions with different packaging materials,combining volume and price with procurement,and priority procurement of packaging materials with better clinical values.

基于系统基模的高职院校劳动教育实施路径研究

党和国家一向重视劳动教育在人才培养中的基础性作用,新时代劳动教育逐渐成为高职院校落实立德树人根本任务的重要途径之一。为了全面了解高职院校劳动教育开展情况,采用系统动力学基模分析法,对高职院校劳动教育现状的调研数据进行系统分析,发现高职院校学生对劳动缺乏深入认知、劳动教育氛围营造不够、内容载体欠缺、评价机制不健全,为此,提出高职院校应从“知、情、意、行”四个环节构建劳动教育路径:重视劳动教育,提升学生劳动认知;营造劳动氛围,升华学生劳动情感;与专业教育相融通,锤炼学生劳动意志;构建协同评价机制,提升学生劳动自觉。

医学基础与临床融合发展教学团队建设现状分析与初步实践

全面加强医学类师资队伍建设对提升医学人才培养质量具有重要意义,也是推动医学基础与临床融合发展的关键路径。分析目前医学类师资队伍建设过程中面临的困境与挑战,以地方院校医学师资队伍建设为切入点,聚焦基础与临床融合发展的教学团队建设,探讨加强基础与临床融合发展教学团队建设的实现路径,总结加强基础与临床融合发展教学团队建设的实践经验,以期通过教学团队建设,为持续提升医学专业人才培养质量提供经验与支持。

Mini-CEX联合MDT在急诊科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果

目的探讨迷你临床演练评估(mini-clinical evaluation exercise,Mini-CEX)联合多学科综合治疗协作组(multidisciplinary team,MDT)在急诊科住院医师规范化培训中的运用效果。方法选择于医院急诊科进行规范化培训的住院医师,2022年6—8月进行规范化培训者为传统培训组,2022年9—11月进行规范化培训者为Mini-CEX联合MDT组。传统培训组35名,给予常规教学方式教学,Mini-CEX联合MDT组35名,给予Mini-CEX联合MDT教学,教学完成后评估规范化培训住院医师的理论成绩及实际操作技能,教学前、后通过Mini-CEX考核规范化培训住院医师的问诊能力、临床诊断、操作能力、查体能力、治疗方案、沟通能力,给予评判性思维能力量表-中文版(critical thinking disposition inventory—Chinese version,CTDI-CV)、学生自主学习能力评价量表评价,比较2组教学满意度。结果Mini-CEX联合MDT组理论知识、实际操作技能评分较传统培训组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);Mini-CEX联合MDT组问诊能力、临床诊断、操作能力、查体能力、治疗方案、沟通能力评分较传统培训组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);Mini-CEX联合MDT组CTDI-CV评分较传统培训组低,自主学习能力评分、教学满意度较传统培训组高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。Mini-CEX联合MDT组教学满意度(97.14%)较传统培训组高(85.71%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在急诊科住院医师规范化培训中运用Mini-CEX联合MDT教学,可提升规范化培训住院医师理论及实践操作成绩,提升其综合临床能力、评判性思维能力、自学能力及教学满意度。

肾结石防治的现状与前景

目的:总结近几年肾结石防治的最新成果,并基于前人经验和本团队的实践,展望肾结石防治的前景和发展方向,为肾结石防治研究提供全新的理念。方法:检索了PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库中近5年发表的有关肾结石防治相关的文献,共纳入高质量的论文包括40篇临床研究和20篇基础研究。结合这些研究和本团队的经验及思考,对近5年来肾结石防治研究现状和前景进行讨论。结果:近几年肾结石防治研究取得了丰硕成果,其临床研究主要集中在术前肾结石成分分析、肾结石碎石术式及设备、结石药物治疗等方面;基础研究则集中在晶体介导的肾小管上皮细胞损伤、免疫细胞调控、代谢调控机制以及基础研究实验模型等方面;首次提出“极致软镜技术”的概念。结论:近5年来肾结石防治成果卓越且具有广阔的前景。展望未来,手术治疗肾结石有望通过“极致软镜技术”实现对肾结石患者最高的清石率、最小的并发症、最少的康复时间和全程舒适无痛化的诊疗目标;肾结石的病因学研究有望在结石晶体结构、肾小管上皮细胞损伤后的修复机制、新型肾结石实验模型的建立等方面另辟蹊径,以突破现今肾结石基础研究成果转化的瓶颈。

“院校合作、医教协同”模式培养新时代基层医生的实践研究

职业教育领域不同专业类别的人才培养模式不尽相同,但根本目的都是把职业教育改革落到实处,提高职业教育资源的利用率和覆盖率,为社会发展提供高质量人力资源。借此契机,襄阳职业技术学院临床医学专业创新体制机制改革,探索实施新时代基层医生“院校合作、医教协同”培养模式,为高职临床医学专业人才的高质量培养提供参考。

中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊实践分析

目的 探讨脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊开展的可行性及成效。方法 运用医院选拔原则确定出诊护师,与专科医师合作开设脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊。通过对2023年医护协作出诊和2019年护师单独出诊的脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊就诊患者进行问卷调查,分析对医疗护理服务的满意度。结果 脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊开展以来,护理门诊量由2019年的35人次/月上升到2023年的148人次/月,出诊时间由2019年的1次/周增设至2023年的3次/周。2023年护理门诊医护协作出诊的就诊患者对医疗护理服务的满意度高于2019年护师单独出诊,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 脾胃病专科中医特色护理门诊医护协作出诊的开展,拓展了中医护理服务内涵,满足患者日益增长的个体化、多元化需求,提高患者对医疗护理服务的满意度。