Drought adaptation of Bauhinia faberi var.Microphylla seedlings with dual inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi

Bauhinia faberi via.Microphylla(BFM)is an important tree species for vegetation restoration in the dry valley of southwestern China.However,there were few studies on the application of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)in improving the drought adaptation of BFM.In order to investigate the response of BFM to water stress(WS),we tested four inoculation treatments((no AMF,Control),Glomus mosseae(GM),Glomus intraradices(GI),Glomus mosseae+Glomus intraradices(GMI))in pots,experimented under three field water holding capacity(WHC)of 70%,50%and 30%.The changes of seedling survival rate(SR),AMF relative root length colonization rate(Col),growth,photosynthetic parameters,water status and leaf nutrients were examined.The results showed that under 30%WHC drought conditions,SR with dual inoculation of AMF was not higher than with single inoculation of GM,suggesting that increasing the diversity of AMF did not definitely improve plant SR,and that the species of inoculated AMF might have an important impact on SR.The sensitivity of dual inoculated Col to water stress was lower than that of single inoculation,which was more favorable for dual inoculated BFM seedlings adapting to drought environment.The overall drought resistance ability(D)also showed that dual inoculation of AMF improved plant drought adaptation compared with single inoculation,which was related to the higher Col of dual inoculated AMF.This study is of practical importance to promote vegetation restoration in arid areas in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner.

《植物名实图考》中的Bauhinia L.属植物考证

为了考证我国古籍中有无ＢａｕｈｉｎｉａＬ．属植物的记载，查阅了有关文献。结果确认，《植物名实图考》中的“玲甲花”和“田螺虎树”，均系该属植物。

Extracts of Bauhinia Championii Alleviate Acute Neuronal Injury After Ischemic Reperfusion by Improving Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Neuronal Apoptosis

Objective Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)is a potential factor for lethal injury,and currently lacks effective remedies.Bauhinia championii extracts(BCEs)have been reported to exhibit anti-oxidative and anti-hypoxia properties.The current work aimed to study whether BCE could alleviate neuronal injury caused by I/R.Methods To investigate the protective effects of BCE,oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion(OGD/R)was applied to the HT22 cell line in vitro and to a cerebral I/R mouse model in vivo.Results Under OGD/R,the survival of HT22 cells was significantly prolonged after treatment with BCE.In vivo,BCE significantly reduced the infarct area and decreased neuronal apoptosis caused by I/R.It was further found that OGD/R could trigger endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and induce ER stress-mediated neuronal apoptosis in vivo and in vitro,while BCE could effectively alleviate ER stress and neuronal apoptosis.Conclusion These results suggested that BCE exhibits neuroprotective effects by reducing ER stress-mediated apoptosis after cerebral I/R injury.BCE may therefore be an effective therapeutic regimen against cerebral I/R damage.

Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic and Antioxidant Activity of Numerous Extracts from Leaves and Bark of <i>Bauhinia rufescens</i>Lam

Researches for natural antioxidants that play an important role in the prevention of diseases linked to free radicals have increased in recent years. In this study, antioxidant activity of Bauhinia rufescens Lam which is a medicinal plant was investigated. The methanol extract, acetone extract and water extract of leaf and trunk bark had antioxidant activity. Three methods were used: 2,2-diphenyl-1picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2’-Azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzoth iazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and ferric ion reducing power (FRAP) by spectrophotometry. Phytochemical screening was carried out followed by the quantification of the total phenolic by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) with the STATISTICA 7.1 software revealed significant differences (p < 0.05). Percentage inhibition (PI) and IC50 of the extracts were obtained using the OriginPro 8.5 software. These tests show that the bark is as rich in total phenolic as the leaves. The DPPH test shows that at 2.5 mg/ml, the bark and the leave have similar activity. Bark has a percentage inhibition (PI) of 86.55% ± 0.026% compared to the leave which PI is 85.63% ± 0.02%. As for the ABTS test, the bark extract reached its maximum activity at 2.5 mg/ml with a PI of 99.81% ± 0.012% compared to the leaf extract which has a PI of 99.61% ± 0.025%. The best IC50 of the extracts obtained with the DPPH radical is 0.139 ± 0.001 mg/ml (hydro-acetonic), 0.354 ± 0.001 mg/ml (hydromethanolic) and 0.840 ± 0.001 mg/ml (aqueous) on the bark. With ABTS test, it was obtained 0.351 ± 0.001 mg/ml (hydro-acetone;bark), 0.403 ± 0.001 mg/ml (hydro-acetone;leaves) and 0.474 ± 0.001 mg/ml (aqueous;bark). The reducing power of the leaves is slightly higher than that of the bark. Standard of ascorbic acid, has a PI of 94.86 ± 0.008% with an IC50 of 0.213 ± 0.001 mg/ml. Thus, it is easy to conclude that the bark of Bauhinia rufescens has a better activity than the leaves and the alcoholic extracts have given better results than the aqueous extract.

龙须藤(Bauhinia championii)种子繁殖栽培与蜜蜂访花报告

为了更好地推动广西特色蜜粉源植物龙须藤的保护与科学利用工作,自2016年起在广西阳朔县开展了龙须藤种子繁殖栽培研究,重点围绕种子采收、贮藏、播种和移栽等环节进行探索,结果表明,成熟的龙须藤种子采收后用细河砂贮藏,于翌年清明前撒播其发芽率可达90%以上,杯苗移栽成活率达95%以上,移栽后第3年开花,第4年进入开花盛期;采用种子繁殖法栽培龙须藤既能有效保护野生龙须藤,增加龙须藤植株数量,又可为养蜂业增加蜜粉植物资源总量,助力养蜂业发展。

洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata L.)花的化学成分研究

民间用药洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata L.)为豆科羊蹄甲属植物,广泛分布于我国南部省份。基于前人的研究,并未发现对洋紫荆花化学成分研究的相关报道,本文以采自云南德宏地区的洋紫荆(B.variegata)花为研究对象,运用各种柱色谱分离手段,从其乙酸乙酯部分中分离得到了8个化合物,经核磁共振波谱及质谱解析,分别鉴定为Isoliquiritigenin(1)、Naringenin(2)、Kaempferol(3)、Kaempferol-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4)、Kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5)、Caffeic acid(6)、(-)-Catechin(7)及Kaempferol-3-O-L-rhamnopyranoside(8)。化合物1和4为首次从该种植物中分离得到。

Seasonal Flavonoid Profile and Kaempferitrin Content in the Leaf Extracts of Bauhinia forficata Subspecies forficata from Two Locations in Southeastern Brazil

The leaves of Bauhinia forficata L. (Fabaceae) are used in Brazilian folk medicine mainly as antidiabetic agent. They are rich in polyphenols, and kaempferitrin and other flavonoids are currently considered as basic chemical criteria for the quality and the effectiveness of extracts and phytopharmaceuticals derived from them. Aiming to expand the scope of current data of the chemical profile of B. forficata subsp. forficata, the present study employed HPLC-DAD and HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS to compare the flavonoid profile and kaempferitrin content in the leaves of specimens collected seasonally during one year, in two different locations in Southeastern Brazil: Rio de Janeiro (RJ) and S&atilde;o Paulo (SP) states. The data showed a variation in the flavonoid profile and in the kaempferitrin content depending on the place of collection and the season of the year. The target compound, kaempferitrin, was found to be only a minor constituent in RJ (0.21 - 1.02 μg/mg), and was mostly absent or occurred as trace in SP location (0.00 - 0.12 μg/mg). Some degree of similarity was observed in the flavonoid profiles according to the region of collection. In agreement with some published reports, the low and quite variable kaempferitrin content as well the wide variability of the flavonoid profiles brings into question the dubious matter of using these compounds as chemical markers for this medicinal species.

Hong Kong:Bauhinias in Full Bloom

HERE comes another sea-son of bauhinias in fullbloom. On roadsides,slopes and lawns theseflowers resemble red clouds.

不同处理方式对囊托羊蹄甲扦插繁殖的影响

于2022年3月在广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院园林花卉所苗圃,采用L9(33)正交试验设计方法,以枝条形状(A)、根啸生根粉浓度(B)和浸泡时间(C)3个因素,3个水平,研究各因素水平对囊托羊蹄甲扦插繁殖的影响。结果表明:3个因素对生根率、平均根长、抽芽数与新芽长影响的主次水平为A>C>B,对单株主根数量、根系效果指数影响的主次水平为A>B>C,对根粗影响的主次水平为C>B>A,表明除了在根粗指标中因素C占主导因子之外,因素A在其它指标中均占主导因子。细圆柱形插穗的生根率、根系数量、抽芽数、芽高度和根系效果指数等指标显著高于其它枝条形状,其根系效果指数最高(2.53);生根剂10 g·L^(-1)的根系数量、抽芽数、根系效果指数显著高于其它浓度,其根系效果指数最高(2.30);浸泡15 min的各项指标均最高,且显著高于浸泡45 min,其根系效果指数最高(2.08)。综合结果表明,囊托羊蹄甲扦插,采用细圆柱形插穗、根啸生根粉10 g·L^(-1)浸泡15 min为宜。

壮药火索藤汤剂指纹图谱的建立及含量测定研究

目的 建立壮药火索藤汤剂的HPLC指纹图谱及含量测定方法。方法 通过HPLC法建立10批壮药火索藤汤剂HPLC指纹图谱,指认共有峰,并进行聚类分析(CA)、主成分分析(PCA)、正交偏最小乘法-判别分析(OPLS-DA)等分析,筛选出差异性物质并进行含量测定。结果 指纹图谱中共有峰12个、相似度均≥0.91,指认出9号峰为金丝桃苷、12号峰为槲皮苷;CA、PCA分析结果一致,10批药材样品共分为3组;OPLS-DA分析筛选出8个差异物质,金丝桃苷和槲皮苷的含量分别为0.15~0.66 mg·g^(-1)、1.71~6.52 mg·g^(-1),样品中S4、S5批次指标成分含量最高。结论 本研究建立的HPLC指纹图谱和含量测定方法稳定性好,可用来对该制剂质量控制和成分物质基础提供相关参考。

红花羊蹄甲花瓣花色苷的组分鉴定及其稳定性研究

该研究采用高效液相色谱技术分析红花羊蹄甲花瓣提取物中的花色苷组分,研究红花羊蹄甲花瓣色素的色度、热稳定性,并探讨pH值、温度、光照、金属离子和甜味剂对红花羊蹄甲色素稳定性的影响。结果表明,红花羊蹄甲花瓣的花色苷总含量为11.28 mg/g,主要由矮牵牛花色苷(84.65μg/g)、飞燕草素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(6801.12μg/g)、芍药素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(2069.49μg/g)和矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷(667.9μg/g)组成。色素的颜色随pH变化而变化,在pH=3时呈鲜红色,pH=7时为蓝紫色。色素的热重剩余量为25.79%,在54.6~111.3℃具有良好的热稳定性。在pH=3时,Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、葡萄糖、麦芽糖对色素溶液的稳定性无显著影响;在pH=7时,山梨醇和乳糖未显著影响色素溶液的稳定性,但Fe^(2+)对色素溶液的色泽产生了显著的破坏作用。红花羊蹄甲花瓣含有丰富的花色苷,具有较高稳定性,是一种颇具潜力的植物资源,可用于新型功能性配料及花色苷应用产品的开发。研究结果可为红花羊蹄甲花瓣色素的深加工和在纺织业、食品工业等的广泛应用提供科学依据。

Molecular Evidence for the Hybrid Origin of Bauhinia blakeana(Caesalpinioideae)

Bauhinia blakeana Dunn is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region emblem and a popular horticultural species in many Asian countries. It was first described as a new species from Hong Kong almost a century ago. This plant is sterile and has long been considered a hybrid, possibly from two related species, B. purpurea and B. variegata. However, not much evidence based on molecular methods was available to support this hypothesis. In this study, sequences of internal transcribed spacer I （ITS1）, rbcL and atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer for five Bauhinia species and two varieties of one of the species were determined and compared. There were two types of ITS1 sequences in B. blakeana, one indistinguishable from that of B. purpurea and the other one identical to that of B. variegata. This confirmed that B. blakeana was a hybrid of these two species. Chloroplast atpB-rbcL intergenic spacer sequence of B. blakeana was identical to that of B. purpurea, indicating that B. purpurea was the female parent. The hybridization event seemed to occur only recently and was a rare incident. Its occurrence was likely facilitated by interspecific pollen competition. It appeared that human efforts played a crucial role in the preservation and ubiquity of B. blakeana.

不同花色洋紫荆花瓣花青素和类黄酮物质组成和含量的变化

本研究选择3种不同花色的洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata L.)为实验材料,应用LC-MS/MS技术分析花青素和类黄酮物质,比较不同花色洋紫荆之间的差异。结果显示,洋紫荆有53种花青素和340种类黄酮物质。不同花色洋紫荆花瓣中的花青素差异较大,紫红色花中的锦葵色素-3-O-半乳糖苷、锦葵色素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、飞燕草素-3-O-半乳糖苷等含量较高,粉红色花中的飞燕草素-3-O-对香豆酰葡萄糖苷、锦葵色素-3-O-槐糖苷、矮牵牛素-3-O-对香豆酰葡萄糖苷、锦葵色素-3-O-桑布双糖苷-5-葡萄糖苷等含量较高,白色花中的天竺葵素-3-O-对香豆酰葡萄糖苷等含量较高。白色花中几乎不含天竺葵素-3-O-桑布双糖苷、天竺葵素-3-O-槐糖苷、飞燕草素-3-O-桑布双糖苷等。紫红色花中几乎不含飞燕草素-3-O-槐糖苷。不同花色洋紫荆花瓣中的类黄酮差异较大,粉红色花中的芍药花素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、芍药花素-3,5-O-二葡萄糖苷、金圣草黄素-7-O-芸香糖苷-5-O-葡萄糖苷、异牡荆素-7-O-(6’’-芥子酰)葡萄糖苷等含量较白色、紫红色花高。

Yanangdaengin,a dihydrochalcone glucoside galloyl ester as active antioxidative agent from leaves of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium(syn.Bauhinia strychnifolia)

Objective:To isolate and identify the major bioactive components from the leaves of Lysiphyllum strychnifolium,an indigenous herb used in traditional Thai medicine for detoxification,longevity,and some other health related issues.Methods:Comparative HPLC analyses of the crude extracts from three provenances were carried out for an overview of characteristic compound profiles.Isolation of the major compounds was undertaken with chromatographic methods.Chemical structures were elucidated by NMR spectroscopic techniques and mass spectrometry.DPPH scavenging assay was carried out to determine the free radical scavenging activity of isolated compounds.Results:Yanangdaengin(3),a dihydrochalcone glucoside galloyl ester,has been isolated together with its corresponding dihydrochalcone glucoside trilobatin(2)as major compounds from the leaves of L.strychnifolium.Additionally,gallic acid(1)was co-chromatographically identified.Free radical scavenging activity of isolated compounds were determined.Compound 3 exhibited higher free radical scavenging activities in comparison to Trolox and quercetin.Conclusion:The isolated compounds could be used as chemical markers for quality assessment.The present work could promote the quality control and herbal medicinal product development of this plant.

Antimicrobial,antityrosinase and brine shrimp lethality test of Bauhinia rufescens Lam(Fabaceae)

Objective:To evaluate leaves and stem bark extracts of Bauhinia rufescens for antimicrobial activities,tyrosinase enzyme inhibition potentials and lethality to brine shrimp larvae(Artemiasalina).Methods:The plant materials were extracted based on polarity gradient of petroleum ether,ethyl acetate and methanol.The extracts were investigated for their antimicrobial,antityrosinase and cytotoxicity potentials.Results:The antimicrobial results indicated that the extracts inhibited the microbial growth in the range of 6.00-12.57 mm(450-1800μg/mL)for bacterial strains and 7.33-14.03 mm(225-1800μg/mL)for fungal strains.While the tyrosinase enzyme inhibition assay of the extracts showed that both the petroleum ether leaves and stem bark extracts exhibited a moderate inhibition(39.60%and 39.89%)towards the action of mushroom tyrosinase enzyme on L-DOPA.In the brine shrimp lethality assay,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the leaves of the plant were found toxic to the Artemia salina with IC_(50)values of 0.059 mg/mL and 0.389 mg/mL.However,both the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracts of the stem bark were nontoxic to the larvae.Conclusions:The result of the present study suggest the presence of phytochemicals possessing antimicrobial and antityrosinase activity as well as cytotoxic agents.

洋紫荆木屑与巨菌草草屑结合对2种食用菌生长的影响

以红托竹荪和黄灵芝为对象,研究洋紫荆木屑与巨菌草草屑结合对其菌丝生长、生物转化率及品质的影响。通过栽培试验,研究洋紫荆木屑与巨菌草草屑结合对所用食用菌生长的影响,旨在为这两种材料在食用菌栽培上的应用提供科学的依据。研究发现:培养基中添加巨菌草草屑与洋紫荆木屑对红托竹荪、黄灵芝生长具有一定的促进作用;固体母种培养基中分别添加巨菌草草屑提取液50~60、40~50 mL/L可使红托竹荪、黄灵芝菌丝生长速度分别提高至1.4~1.6、10.7~10.1 mm/d。巨菌草草屑与发酵后的洋紫荆木屑以一定比例结合后,可用于红托竹荪和黄灵芝栽培种及出菇袋的菌丝培养,其中:巨菌草与发酵洋紫荆木屑的适宜比例为40∶30、50∶20时,红托竹荪栽培种及出菇袋菌丝生长速度分别为2.1、1.9 mm/d;巨菌草与发酵洋紫荆木屑的适宜比例为20∶50、30∶40时,黄灵芝栽培种及出菇袋菌丝生长速度分别为5.9、6.6 mm/d。对于红托竹荪,巨菌草草屑与发酵洋紫荆木屑比例为40∶30、50∶20的处理,生物转化率分别达36.8%、41.6%,均高于对照,子实体粗蛋白与多糖含量超过对照;对于黄灵芝,巨菌草草屑与发酵洋紫荆木屑比例为20∶50、30∶40的处理,生物转化率分别达76.3%、68.4%,高于对照,子实体粗蛋白与多糖含量均超过对照。因此,研究结果对巨菌草和洋紫荆木屑在食用菌上的应用提供了较好的借鉴,对于行业发展及食用菌产业原料拓展有一定指导作用。

“GAS BAUHINIA”轮成功防抗“达维”的反思

2005年9月25日,香港BPSHIPING公司所属的利比里亚籍液化气船"GAS BAUHINIA"轮(总吨为47048,遇险时载运丙烷15445吨、丁烯5042吨,船上33人)在距海南岛万宁市偏东约80海里处卷入"达维"台风眼,经过十几小时人与自然的殊死搏斗最终脱险,海南岛东海海域也避免了一场前所未有的海洋污染事故。

A new lignan rhamnoside from Bauhinia retusa seed pods(Caesalpiniaceae)

新 lignan rhamnoside 作为 2,6-di (4,5-dihydroxyphenyl ) 鉴别 -3,7-dioxabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-1-hydroxy-5-O-rhamnopyranoside (1 ) 从 Bauhinia retusa 的种子豆荚的 ethanolic 摘录被孤立。它的结构被广泛的分光镜的技术建立(紫外，红外， 1D NMR， 2D NMR， HRESIMS ) 。

Phytochemical Screening and Chromatographic Purification of Bauhunia semibifida ROXB Hexane-Dichloromethane Leaf Extract

Bauhunia semibifida is among the several plants that have been studied for their medicinal properties. Bauhunia is native to India. However, some species have been found in Africa. It has several important uses, such as anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancerous. This study is aimed primarily at carrying out a preliminary phytochemical screening to ascertain the classes of bioactive compounds present in Bauhunia semibifida and ascertain the solvent system(s) for their separation. Several solvents were used for the extraction as well as in the chromatographic profiling of all the products of extraction. Thin layer chromatography was performed on silica gel-coated glass plates using several mobile phase protocols (Hexane: Ethylacetate, Dichloromethane (DCM): Methanol). Further purification of the extracts was done using classical column (CcSiO2) and gel filtration chromatography. TLC profiling of DCM and Hexane extracts shows the same Rf values of less than 1 and are thus combined to give the Hexane/DCM extract, which gave two compounds following isocratic elution from column chromatography. Phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of Tannins, Cardiac glycosides, Alkaloids, Flavonoids and Phenolic compounds. Hexane/DCM extract thus contains phytocompounds which can further be studied.

白花洋紫荆花的化学成分及其胰脂肪酶抑制活性研究

为研究白花洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata var.candida)花的化学成分,以白花洋紫荆花的乙醇提取物为对象,运用葡聚糖凝胶柱层析、MCI柱层析、半制备高效液相色谱等方法进行分离纯化,根据化合物的核磁共振波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果从白花洋紫荆花中分离纯化得到17个化合物,包括1个葡萄糖苷类、2个苯甲酸类、2个香豆酸类、1个多环酚类,11个黄酮类,分别鉴定为β-D-甲基葡萄糖苷(1)、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯(2)、对甲氧基苯甲酸(3)、对香豆酸(4)、对甲氧基桂皮酸(5)、pacharin(6)、柚皮素(7)、异牡荆苷(8)、山柰酚(9)、6-羟基山奈酚3-O-葡萄糖甙(10)、山柰酚-3-O-鼠李糖苷(11)、百蕊草素(12)、kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-lucopyranoside(13)、槲皮素(14)、3-O-甲基槲皮素(15)、quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(16)、quercetin-3-O-(6″-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucoside(17)。本研究得到的化合物均为首次从该植物中分离得到。共筛选了化合物10、12、13、14、17的胰脂肪酶活性,结果显示该5个化合物对胰脂肪酶均具有一定的抑制活性。