Objective To detect the change of Bcl 2 gene expression in the apopototic process of spermatogenic cells in rat with vasoligation and vasostomy, and to find out the relationship between the transcription of Bcl 2 a...Objective To detect the change of Bcl 2 gene expression in the apopototic process of spermatogenic cells in rat with vasoligation and vasostomy, and to find out the relationship between the transcription of Bcl 2 and the apoptosis of spermatognic cells Materials & Methods Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats in 3 groups were operated with vasoligation and vasostomy. Then hybridization in situ with hypersensitive Bcl 2 RNA probe was used to detect the change of Bcl 2 mRNA. Results The transcription of Bcl 2 gene in spermatogenic cells was obviously inhibited in the vasoligation group compared with that in the control group (P<0.05), and the transcription in the vasostomy group showed no difference from that of the control group. Conclusion Bcl 2 gene has an anti apoptotic effect in rats with vasostomy, and there was a transcriptional regulation of Bcl 2 gene in rat spermatogenic cell during the period of pre vasoligation to post vasoligation and to post vasosotomy.展开更多
BACKGROUND: Both animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) can exhibit protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion cerebral inj...BACKGROUND: Both animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) can exhibit protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury. OBJECTIVE: To test whether bFGF and danshen can protect cerebral injury induced by exposure to repeated, high, positive acceleration (+Gz) in an animal model and to analyze the possible mechanisms. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized controlled animal study. The experiment was performed at the Research Center for Molecular Biology, Air-force General Hospital of Chinese PLA from April to August 2000. MATERIALS: A total of 20 clean grade, healthy, Sprague Dawley rats of both genders, weighing (200 ± 15) g, were provided by our experimental animal center. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the control group, +Gz exposure group, bFGF group, danshen group, and saline group, with 4 animals per group. bFGF (Beijing Bailuyuan Biotechnology Co. Ltd.) and danshen solution (Shanghai Zhongxi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.) were used. METHODS: All rats were fixed on a rotary arm of a centrifugal apparatus (2 m in radius) with their heads oriented towards the center of the apparatus. Except for rats in the control group, the value of +Gz exposure was +14 Gz with an acceleration rate of 1.5 G/s. The peak force lasted for 45 seconds. +Gz exposure was performed three times with intervals of 30 minutes. Rats in the control group received the same +Gz procedure, but the G value was +1 Gz. Rats in bFGF group and danshen group were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μg/kg bFGF or 15 g/kg danshen solution, respectively, at 30 minutes prior to centrifugation and immediately after centrifugation. Rats in saline group were injected with the same volume of saline. Six hours after exposure, rats were decapitated. One hemisphere was preserved in liquid nitrogen for RNA extraction and the other was processed for apoptosis detection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: mRNA levels of bcl-2 and p53 were measured by semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Apoptotic cell death was detected by terminal deoxynuleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. RESULTS: Changes in mRNA expression of bcl-2 and p53 and apoptotic cells were observed in rat brain six hours after repeated +Gz exposures, bFGF and danshen were able block the changes of bcl-2 and p53 expression and inhibit apoptotic cell death. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that apoptosis and changes in bcl-2 and p53 expression in the rat brain can be induced by repeated +Gz exposures. Apoptosis is, therefore, one of the molecular mechanisms of brain damage induced by repeated +Gz exposures, bFGF and danshen were of the equal potency in preventing brain injury induced by repeated +Gz exposures.展开更多
in order to clarify the pesible role of the bcl-2 gene imolved in the cell death Program,and the relatiouship of glutamate receptors with bcl-2 gene expressin, this study examied the expression of bcl-2 gene protein...in order to clarify the pesible role of the bcl-2 gene imolved in the cell death Program,and the relatiouship of glutamate receptors with bcl-2 gene expressin, this study examied the expression of bcl-2 gene protein, the neuronal status of apoptosis and the effects of MK-801 using immunohistochemistry and in situ terminal.labelling methods after 30 min of.middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion and followed by 24 h of reperfusion. The presence of bcl-2 gene protein increased in the ipeilateral hemisphere of ischaemis espeially in the MCA territory MK-801 enhanced the expresion of the bcl-2 gene protein. No DNA fragmentation was detected in this experiment. In conclusion. bcl-2 gene activity increased during transient focal ischaemia, and was potentiated by MK MK801, which may be an endogenous protective mechanism .against ischaemic apoptosis. Apoptosis wasnot detected after tranient focal ischoemia. for 30 min rollowed by 24 h of reperfusiou.展开更多
目的观察愈肾合剂对糖尿病模型大鼠肾脏组织血红素氧合酶(HO)-1、HO-2的影响,探讨其治疗糖尿病肾病作用机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、对照组、治疗组。采用皮下注射链脲佐菌素法复制模型,对照组和治疗组给予相应药物灌胃,...目的观察愈肾合剂对糖尿病模型大鼠肾脏组织血红素氧合酶(HO)-1、HO-2的影响,探讨其治疗糖尿病肾病作用机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、对照组、治疗组。采用皮下注射链脲佐菌素法复制模型,对照组和治疗组给予相应药物灌胃,正常组和模型组灌胃等量蒸馏水。给药8周后,收集尿液测定24 h尿蛋白(Upro)、尿肌酐(Ucr),断头取血测定一氧化碳(CO)、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr),采用免疫组织化学法检测肾脏组织HO-1、HO-2的表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠BUN、24 h Upro、Scr升高,肌酐清除值(Ccr)、血浆CO降低,肾脏组织的HO-1、HO-2表达明显减弱(P<0.01);与模型组比较,治疗组和对照组BUN、24 h Upro、Scr明显下降,Ccr、血浆CO活性升高,肾脏组织的HO-1、HO-2表达明显增强(P<0.05,P<0.01);与对照组比较,治疗组24 h Upro降低,血浆CO活性升高,肾脏组织HO-1、HO-2表达明显增强(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论愈肾合剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠有一定的治疗作用,可能是通过HO/CO系统实现的。展开更多
Objective: To investigate the improving effects of different moxibustion therapies on colonic injury in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), and on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA.Methods: Rats model of UC was ...Objective: To investigate the improving effects of different moxibustion therapies on colonic injury in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), and on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA.Methods: Rats model of UC was made with immune methods and local stimulation. The models were treated with different moxibustion therapies 14 times, and then the expression of Bcl-2 and BaxmRNA were tested in the colonic tissue with fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results: (1)General scores of colon and histologic scores of injury were improved in all treatment groups except the model group(P〈0.05, P〈0.01); (2) The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in the model rats of UC was higher than that in the normal rats (P〈0.01), whereas Bax lower (P〈0.01); (3) After treatments, the expression of Bcl-2mRNA was lower in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion, ginger-partitioned moxibustion, and garlic-partitioned moxibustion groups than that in the model group (P〈0.05, P〈0.01), and Bax mRNAin the herb cake-partitioned and ginger-partitioned groups was higher (P〈0.05). Conclusion: Herb cake-partitioned moxibustion, ginger-partitioned moxibustion, garlic-partitioned moxibustion, andmild moxibustion could improve the pathological injury in UC rats. Herb cake-partitioned moxibustion, ginger-partitioned moxibustion, and garlic-partitioned moxibustion could inhibit theexpression of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA in the colonic tissue of UC rats to regulate the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA.展开更多
目的探讨中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)对中重度急性一氧化碳中毒(ACOP)心肌损伤患者发生院内主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法采用单中心前瞻性观察性研究方法,选择2016年11月至2020年...目的探讨中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)对中重度急性一氧化碳中毒(ACOP)心肌损伤患者发生院内主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法采用单中心前瞻性观察性研究方法,选择2016年11月至2020年2月河北医科大学哈励逊国际和平医院急救医学部收治的中重度ACOP合并心肌损伤患者作为研究对象,收集患者的基线资料、入院时NLR、sST2和入院3 d sST2以及其他心肌损伤相关生化指标。根据是否发生MACE将患者分为MACE组和非MACE组,比较两组患者临床资料的差异;各项指标的相关性采用Pearson相关性分析法;采用二元Logistic回归分析影响中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的独立危险因素;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC),分析NLR、sST2单独以及二者联合检测对中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的预测价值。结果278例中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者纳入最终分析,MACE发生率11.51%(32/278)。MACE组心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、血乳酸(Lac)、NLR、入院3 d sST2均明显高于非MACE组〔cTnI(μg/L):0.83±0.15比0.46±0.37,Lac(mmol/L):2.96±1.14比2.43±1.35,NLR:13.14±4.37比9.49±4.21,入院3 d sST2(μg/L):59.88±23.42比39.83±12.60,均P<0.01〕,MACE组与非MACE组入院时sST2比较差异无统计学意义(μg/L:269.09±90.89比240.14±113.02,P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,NLR与急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、入院3 d sST2与APACHEⅡ评分、NLR与入院3 d sST2均呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.226、0.209、0.193,均P<0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,入院3 d sST2和NLR均是影响中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的独立危险因素〔优势比(OR)和95%可信区间(95%CI)分别为1.064(1.039~1.090)、1.176(1.066~1.298),均P<0.01〕。ROC曲线分析显示,NLR联合入院3 d sST2对ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的预测效能(AUC=0.876)优于NLR(AUC=0.754)和入院3 d sST2(AUC=0.813)。当NLR的最佳临界值为10.02,入院3 d sST2的最佳临界值为43.50μg/L时,预测中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生MACE的敏感度为69.8%和86.2%,特异度为74.3%和70.4%,而二者联合检测的特异度和敏感度为83.4%、79.8%。结论NLR和入院3 d sST2是中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的独立预测因素,二者联合检测的预测价值好;对于NLR>10.02、入院3 d sST2>43.50μg/L的中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者需警惕发生院内MACE。展开更多
Objective To explore whether acupuncture can improve sleep disturbance,cognitive impairment and emotional disorders caused by sleep deprivation,and its association with the attenuation of oxidative stress injury in pr...Objective To explore whether acupuncture can improve sleep disturbance,cognitive impairment and emotional disorders caused by sleep deprivation,and its association with the attenuation of oxidative stress injury in prefrontal cortex.Methods Fifty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group(n=10),a model group(n=14),a manual acupuncture(MA)group(n=14),and a sham-MA group(n=14).All the groups were established as sleep deprivation models via the modified multiple platform method,except for the control group.Rats in both the MA group and the sham-MA group received corresponding intervention,respectively.After modeling and intervention,the four groups received three behavioral tests,namely sleep monitoring,by comprehensive lab animal monitoring system(CLAMS),Morris water maze(MWM)test and open-field test(OFT),followed by oxygen free radical level test and Western blot(WB)detection for the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2.Results The MA group derived more sleep time within 24 h than either the model group or the sham-MA group(both P<0.05).On MWM orientation navigation test day 1,there were no significant differences in escape latency among the control,MA and sham-MA groups(P>0.05),and the escape latency was significantly shorter in these three groups than that in the model group(all P<0.05).On test day 4,the escape latency was markedly shorter in the MA group than that in either the model group or the sham-MA group(both P<0.05);meanwhile,the MA group showed significantly better performance compared with these two groups in space probe test(both P<0.05).In OFT,compared with the control group,there was a significant decline in the horizontal movement score in the other three groups(all P<0.05),and the decrease was more significant in the model group and the sham-MA group than that in the MA group(both P<0.05).The superoxide dismutase(SOD)content was markedly higher and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content was markedly lower in the MA group than those in the model group and the sham-MA group(all P<0.05).Compared with the model group and the sham-MA group,the expression of Bax was significantly lower and the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly higher in the MA group(all P<0.05).Conclusion MA therapy can lengthen the sleep time in sleep-deprived rats and improve learning and memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation,and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the enhancement of antioxidant capacity in the prefrontal cortex and the inhibition of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.展开更多
基金This work was foundation item:Science F oundation of National Family Planning Committee ( 1998-2 -1)
文摘Objective To detect the change of Bcl 2 gene expression in the apopototic process of spermatogenic cells in rat with vasoligation and vasostomy, and to find out the relationship between the transcription of Bcl 2 and the apoptosis of spermatognic cells Materials & Methods Sixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats in 3 groups were operated with vasoligation and vasostomy. Then hybridization in situ with hypersensitive Bcl 2 RNA probe was used to detect the change of Bcl 2 mRNA. Results The transcription of Bcl 2 gene in spermatogenic cells was obviously inhibited in the vasoligation group compared with that in the control group (P<0.05), and the transcription in the vasostomy group showed no difference from that of the control group. Conclusion Bcl 2 gene has an anti apoptotic effect in rats with vasostomy, and there was a transcriptional regulation of Bcl 2 gene in rat spermatogenic cell during the period of pre vasoligation to post vasoligation and to post vasosotomy.
文摘BACKGROUND: Both animal experiments and clinical studies have shown that basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) can exhibit protective effects on ischemia-reperfusion cerebral injury. OBJECTIVE: To test whether bFGF and danshen can protect cerebral injury induced by exposure to repeated, high, positive acceleration (+Gz) in an animal model and to analyze the possible mechanisms. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized controlled animal study. The experiment was performed at the Research Center for Molecular Biology, Air-force General Hospital of Chinese PLA from April to August 2000. MATERIALS: A total of 20 clean grade, healthy, Sprague Dawley rats of both genders, weighing (200 ± 15) g, were provided by our experimental animal center. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: the control group, +Gz exposure group, bFGF group, danshen group, and saline group, with 4 animals per group. bFGF (Beijing Bailuyuan Biotechnology Co. Ltd.) and danshen solution (Shanghai Zhongxi Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd.) were used. METHODS: All rats were fixed on a rotary arm of a centrifugal apparatus (2 m in radius) with their heads oriented towards the center of the apparatus. Except for rats in the control group, the value of +Gz exposure was +14 Gz with an acceleration rate of 1.5 G/s. The peak force lasted for 45 seconds. +Gz exposure was performed three times with intervals of 30 minutes. Rats in the control group received the same +Gz procedure, but the G value was +1 Gz. Rats in bFGF group and danshen group were intraperitoneally injected with 100 μg/kg bFGF or 15 g/kg danshen solution, respectively, at 30 minutes prior to centrifugation and immediately after centrifugation. Rats in saline group were injected with the same volume of saline. Six hours after exposure, rats were decapitated. One hemisphere was preserved in liquid nitrogen for RNA extraction and the other was processed for apoptosis detection. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: mRNA levels of bcl-2 and p53 were measured by semi-quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Apoptotic cell death was detected by terminal deoxynuleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling. RESULTS: Changes in mRNA expression of bcl-2 and p53 and apoptotic cells were observed in rat brain six hours after repeated +Gz exposures, bFGF and danshen were able block the changes of bcl-2 and p53 expression and inhibit apoptotic cell death. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that apoptosis and changes in bcl-2 and p53 expression in the rat brain can be induced by repeated +Gz exposures. Apoptosis is, therefore, one of the molecular mechanisms of brain damage induced by repeated +Gz exposures, bFGF and danshen were of the equal potency in preventing brain injury induced by repeated +Gz exposures.
文摘in order to clarify the pesible role of the bcl-2 gene imolved in the cell death Program,and the relatiouship of glutamate receptors with bcl-2 gene expressin, this study examied the expression of bcl-2 gene protein, the neuronal status of apoptosis and the effects of MK-801 using immunohistochemistry and in situ terminal.labelling methods after 30 min of.middle cerebral artery(MCA) occlusion and followed by 24 h of reperfusion. The presence of bcl-2 gene protein increased in the ipeilateral hemisphere of ischaemis espeially in the MCA territory MK-801 enhanced the expresion of the bcl-2 gene protein. No DNA fragmentation was detected in this experiment. In conclusion. bcl-2 gene activity increased during transient focal ischaemia, and was potentiated by MK MK801, which may be an endogenous protective mechanism .against ischaemic apoptosis. Apoptosis wasnot detected after tranient focal ischoemia. for 30 min rollowed by 24 h of reperfusiou.
文摘目的观察愈肾合剂对糖尿病模型大鼠肾脏组织血红素氧合酶(HO)-1、HO-2的影响,探讨其治疗糖尿病肾病作用机制。方法 SD大鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、对照组、治疗组。采用皮下注射链脲佐菌素法复制模型,对照组和治疗组给予相应药物灌胃,正常组和模型组灌胃等量蒸馏水。给药8周后,收集尿液测定24 h尿蛋白(Upro)、尿肌酐(Ucr),断头取血测定一氧化碳(CO)、尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(Scr),采用免疫组织化学法检测肾脏组织HO-1、HO-2的表达。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠BUN、24 h Upro、Scr升高,肌酐清除值(Ccr)、血浆CO降低,肾脏组织的HO-1、HO-2表达明显减弱(P<0.01);与模型组比较,治疗组和对照组BUN、24 h Upro、Scr明显下降,Ccr、血浆CO活性升高,肾脏组织的HO-1、HO-2表达明显增强(P<0.05,P<0.01);与对照组比较,治疗组24 h Upro降低,血浆CO活性升高,肾脏组织HO-1、HO-2表达明显增强(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论愈肾合剂对糖尿病肾病大鼠有一定的治疗作用,可能是通过HO/CO系统实现的。
文摘Objective: To investigate the improving effects of different moxibustion therapies on colonic injury in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC), and on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA.Methods: Rats model of UC was made with immune methods and local stimulation. The models were treated with different moxibustion therapies 14 times, and then the expression of Bcl-2 and BaxmRNA were tested in the colonic tissue with fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results: (1)General scores of colon and histologic scores of injury were improved in all treatment groups except the model group(P〈0.05, P〈0.01); (2) The expression of Bcl-2 mRNA in the model rats of UC was higher than that in the normal rats (P〈0.01), whereas Bax lower (P〈0.01); (3) After treatments, the expression of Bcl-2mRNA was lower in the herb cake-partitioned moxibustion, ginger-partitioned moxibustion, and garlic-partitioned moxibustion groups than that in the model group (P〈0.05, P〈0.01), and Bax mRNAin the herb cake-partitioned and ginger-partitioned groups was higher (P〈0.05). Conclusion: Herb cake-partitioned moxibustion, ginger-partitioned moxibustion, garlic-partitioned moxibustion, andmild moxibustion could improve the pathological injury in UC rats. Herb cake-partitioned moxibustion, ginger-partitioned moxibustion, and garlic-partitioned moxibustion could inhibit theexpression of Bcl-2 mRNA and Bax mRNA in the colonic tissue of UC rats to regulate the ratio of Bcl-2/Bax mRNA.
文摘目的探讨中性粒细胞/淋巴细胞比值(NLR)联合可溶性生长刺激表达基因2蛋白(sST2)对中重度急性一氧化碳中毒(ACOP)心肌损伤患者发生院内主要心血管不良事件(MACE)的预测价值。方法采用单中心前瞻性观察性研究方法,选择2016年11月至2020年2月河北医科大学哈励逊国际和平医院急救医学部收治的中重度ACOP合并心肌损伤患者作为研究对象,收集患者的基线资料、入院时NLR、sST2和入院3 d sST2以及其他心肌损伤相关生化指标。根据是否发生MACE将患者分为MACE组和非MACE组,比较两组患者临床资料的差异;各项指标的相关性采用Pearson相关性分析法;采用二元Logistic回归分析影响中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的独立危险因素;绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC),分析NLR、sST2单独以及二者联合检测对中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的预测价值。结果278例中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者纳入最终分析,MACE发生率11.51%(32/278)。MACE组心肌肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)、血乳酸(Lac)、NLR、入院3 d sST2均明显高于非MACE组〔cTnI(μg/L):0.83±0.15比0.46±0.37,Lac(mmol/L):2.96±1.14比2.43±1.35,NLR:13.14±4.37比9.49±4.21,入院3 d sST2(μg/L):59.88±23.42比39.83±12.60,均P<0.01〕,MACE组与非MACE组入院时sST2比较差异无统计学意义(μg/L:269.09±90.89比240.14±113.02,P>0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,NLR与急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)、入院3 d sST2与APACHEⅡ评分、NLR与入院3 d sST2均呈显著正相关(r值分别为0.226、0.209、0.193,均P<0.01)。二元Logistic回归分析显示,入院3 d sST2和NLR均是影响中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的独立危险因素〔优势比(OR)和95%可信区间(95%CI)分别为1.064(1.039~1.090)、1.176(1.066~1.298),均P<0.01〕。ROC曲线分析显示,NLR联合入院3 d sST2对ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的预测效能(AUC=0.876)优于NLR(AUC=0.754)和入院3 d sST2(AUC=0.813)。当NLR的最佳临界值为10.02,入院3 d sST2的最佳临界值为43.50μg/L时,预测中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生MACE的敏感度为69.8%和86.2%,特异度为74.3%和70.4%,而二者联合检测的特异度和敏感度为83.4%、79.8%。结论NLR和入院3 d sST2是中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者发生院内MACE的独立预测因素,二者联合检测的预测价值好;对于NLR>10.02、入院3 d sST2>43.50μg/L的中重度ACOP心肌损伤患者需警惕发生院内MACE。
文摘Objective To explore whether acupuncture can improve sleep disturbance,cognitive impairment and emotional disorders caused by sleep deprivation,and its association with the attenuation of oxidative stress injury in prefrontal cortex.Methods Fifty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group(n=10),a model group(n=14),a manual acupuncture(MA)group(n=14),and a sham-MA group(n=14).All the groups were established as sleep deprivation models via the modified multiple platform method,except for the control group.Rats in both the MA group and the sham-MA group received corresponding intervention,respectively.After modeling and intervention,the four groups received three behavioral tests,namely sleep monitoring,by comprehensive lab animal monitoring system(CLAMS),Morris water maze(MWM)test and open-field test(OFT),followed by oxygen free radical level test and Western blot(WB)detection for the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2.Results The MA group derived more sleep time within 24 h than either the model group or the sham-MA group(both P<0.05).On MWM orientation navigation test day 1,there were no significant differences in escape latency among the control,MA and sham-MA groups(P>0.05),and the escape latency was significantly shorter in these three groups than that in the model group(all P<0.05).On test day 4,the escape latency was markedly shorter in the MA group than that in either the model group or the sham-MA group(both P<0.05);meanwhile,the MA group showed significantly better performance compared with these two groups in space probe test(both P<0.05).In OFT,compared with the control group,there was a significant decline in the horizontal movement score in the other three groups(all P<0.05),and the decrease was more significant in the model group and the sham-MA group than that in the MA group(both P<0.05).The superoxide dismutase(SOD)content was markedly higher and the malondialdehyde(MDA)content was markedly lower in the MA group than those in the model group and the sham-MA group(all P<0.05).Compared with the model group and the sham-MA group,the expression of Bax was significantly lower and the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly higher in the MA group(all P<0.05).Conclusion MA therapy can lengthen the sleep time in sleep-deprived rats and improve learning and memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation,and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the enhancement of antioxidant capacity in the prefrontal cortex and the inhibition of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.