可乐丽菲露S^3BOND和可乐丽菲露SE BOND应用于Beagles犬直接盖髓术的组织学评价

目的比较可乐丽菲露S3BOND和可乐丽菲露SE BOND及氢氧化钙Ca(OH)2(VLC DYCAL)对体内牙髓细胞的毒性。方法选择6只Beagles犬共144颗健康牙齿,108颗在颊面制备Ⅴ类洞并在洞底做人工穿髓孔,然后分为3组,实验组分别用第五代自酸蚀牙本质黏结剂SE BOND,第7代牙本质黏结剂S3BOND,对照组用Ca(OH)2(VLC DYCAL)盖髓。剩余36颗牙齿作为空白对照组。所有实验牙齿分别在盖髓后的第7、30、90天拔出,并进行组织学评价。结果病理学评价显示:7天时,3组材料有不同程度的炎症反应和组织紊乱,比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);30天时,3组材料炎症反应有差异,其中SE BOND组与S3BOND组、Ca(OH)2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),S3BOND与Ca(OH)2间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3组材料组织紊乱比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);90天时,炎症反应经组内两两比较,SE BOND与S3BOND、Ca(OH)2差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),S3BOND与Ca(OH)2间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),3组材料组织紊乱比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 S3BOND较SE BOND对牙髓的刺激性较小。

Dynamic correlation of diffusion tensor imaging and neurological function scores in beagles with spinal cord injury

Exploring the relationship between different structure of the spinal cord and functional assessment after spinal cord injury is important. Quantitative diffusion tensor imaging can provide information about the microstructure of nerve tissue and can quantify the pathological damage of spinal cord white matter and gray matter. In this study, a custom-designed spinal cord contusion-impactor was used to damage the T_（10） spinal cord of beagles. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to observe changes in the whole spinal cord, white matter, and gray matter, and the Texas Spinal Cord Injury Score was used to assess changes in neurological function at 3 hours, 24 hours, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks after injury. With time, fractional anisotropy values after spinal cord injury showed a downward trend, and the apparent diffusion coefficient, mean diffusivity, and radial diffusivity first decreased and then increased. The apparent diffusion-coefficient value was highly associated with the Texas Spinal Cord Injury Score for the whole spinal cord（R = 0.919, P = 0.027）, white matter（R = 0.932, P = 0.021）, and gray matter（R = 0.882, P = 0.048）. Additionally, the other parameters had almost no correlation with the score（P 〉 0.05）. In conclusion, the highest and most significant correlation between diffusion parameters and neurological function was the apparent diffusion-coefficient value for white matter, indicating that it could be used to predict the recovery of neurological function accurately after spinal cord injury.

Perinatal veterinary medicine‐related evaluation in hematological and serum biochemical profiles of experimental beagles throughout pregnancy and parturition

Background: The aims of this study were(a) to ascertain age-related changes in the reference values in hematological and serum biochemical examinations of beagles,and(b) to clarify the changes in these findings, including acute phase proteins and oxidative stress, throughout pregnancy and after parturition.Methods: Clinicopathological parameters were measured in young beagles at 6, 9 and 12 months and in adult beagles aged from 24 to 60 months. Likewise, pregnant beagles were investigated throughout the pregnancy and after parturition.Results: Apparent age-related changes were found in erythrocytic parameters during the growth and development of beagles. Most of the parameters(total protein,albumin, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, urate, alkaline phosphatase(ALP) and creatine kinase(CK) exhibited age-dependent transitions. White cell count significantly increased after 30 days of pregnancy. The values of erythrocytic parameters moderately decreased during the second half of the pregnancy. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, free cholesterol and phospholipid concentrations increased in the mid- and late stages of pregnancy. ALP, lactate dehydrogenase, CK and cholinesterase activities markedly increased during pregnancy and/or after parturition. C-reactive protein(CRP) concentrations gradually increased and reached a maximum after 30-40 days of pregnancy. Serum amyloid A(SAA) levels markedly increased at 30 days of pregnancy before subsiding, and then increased again 3 days after parturition. Reactive oxygen metabolites(d-ROMs) showed significant increases after 30 and 40 days of pregnancy.Conclusions: Reference values for hematological and serum biochemical examinations should be used for health evaluation of dogs, taking sex, age and the stage of pregnancy into consideration. Measurements of CRP, SAA and d-ROM levels are also useful for assessing maternal conditions in mid-pregnancy.

Gastric Submucosa Is Inferior to the Liver as Transplant Site for Autologous Islet Transplantation in Pancreatectomized Diabetic Beagles

Intraportal transplantation of islets is no longer considered to be an ideal procedure and finding the extrahepatic alternative site is becoming a subject of high priority. Herein, in this study, we would introduce our initial outcomes of using gastric submucosa（GS） and liver as sites of islet autotransplantation in pancreatectomized diabetic Beagles. Total pancreatectomy was performed in Beagles and then their own islets extracted from the excised pancreas were transplanted into GS（GS group, n=8） or intrahepatic via portal vein（PV group, n=5）. Forty-eight hours post transplantation, graft containing tissue harvested from the recipients revealed the presence of insulin-positive cells. All recipients in GS group achieved euglycemia within 1 day, but returned to a diabetic state at 6 to 8 days post-transplantation（mean survival time, 7.16±0.69 days）. However, all of the animals kept normoglycemic until 85 to 155 days post-transplantation in PV group（mean survival time, 120±28.58 days; P〈0.01 vs. GS group）. The results of intravenous glucose tolerance test（IVGTT） confirmed that the marked improvement in glycometabolism was obtained in intrahepatic islet autotransplantation. Thus, our findings indicate that the liver is still superior to the GS as the site of islet transplantation, at least in our islet autotransplant model in pancreatectomized diabetic Beagles.

Effect of flight transport stress on blood parameters in beagles and the anti-stress effect of dangshen

Background: This study investigated the effect of flight transport stress on beagles' routine blood indexes and biochemical parameters and evaluated the anti-stress effect of dangshen(Codonopsis pilosula).Methods: We selected 12 beagles and divided them into two groups. One group was treated with dangshen decoction two hours before the flight, and the other group was untreated. Their routine blood indexes and clinical biochemical parameters were tested and analyzed before transport, after unloading and after adaptation for 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 days after administering dangshen.Results: We found that flight transportation stress adversely influenced many of the beagles' routine blood indexes. These recovered during adaptation, with dangshen administration assisting recovery of most indexes. Flight transport stress also adversely influenced biochemical indexes in the beagles. Again these recovered during adaptation, and dangshen aided in the recovery.Conclusion: Thus, we found that flight transport adversely affected the beagles' blood indexes, and dangshen reversed the damage from transport stress.

Optimization of tracheoesophageal fistula model established with Tshaped magnet system based on magnetic compression technique

BACKGROUND The magnetic compression technique has been used to establish an animal model of tracheoesophageal fistula(TEF),but the commonly shaped magnets present limitations of poor homogeneity of TEF and poor model control.We designed a Tshaped magnet system to overcome these problems and verified its effectiveness via animal experiments.AIM To investigate the effectiveness of a T-shaped magnet system for establishing a TEF model in beagle dogs.METHODS Twelve beagles were randomly assigned to groups in which magnets of the Tshaped scheme(study group,n=6)or normal magnets(control group,n=6)were implanted into the trachea and esophagus separately under gastroscopy.Operation time,operation success rate,and accidental injury were recorded.After operation,the presence and timing of cough and the time of magnet shedding were observed.Dogs in the control group were euthanized after X-ray and gastroscopy to confirm establishment of TEFs after coughing,and gross specimens of TEFs were obtained.Dogs in the study group were euthanized after X-ray and gastroscopy 2 wk after surgery,and gross specimens were obtained.Fistula size was measured in all animals,and then harvested fistula specimens were examined by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)and Masson trichrome staining.RESULTS The operation success rate was 100%for both groups.Operation time did not differ between the study group(5.25 min±1.29 min)and the control group(4.75 min±1.70 min;P=0.331).No bleeding,perforation,or unplanned magnet attraction occurred in any animal during the operation.In the early postoperative period,all dogs ate freely and were generally in good condition.Dogs in the control group had severe cough after drinking water at 6-9 d after surgery.X-ray indicated that the magnets had entered the stomach,and gastroscopy showed TEF formation.Gross specimens of TEFs from the control group showed the formation of fistulas with a diameter of 4.94 mm±1.29 mm(range,3.52-6.56 mm).HE and Masson trichrome staining showed scar tissue formation and hierarchical structural disorder at the fistulas.Dogs in the study group did not exhibit obvious coughing after surgery.X-ray examination 2 wk after surgery indicated fixed magnet positioning,and gastroscopy showed no change in magnet positioning.The magnets were removed using a snare under endoscopy,and TEF was observed.Gross specimens showed well-formed fistulas with a diameter of 6.11 mm±0.16 mm(range,5.92-6.36 mm),which exceeded that in the control group(P<0.001).Scar formation was observed on the internal surface of fistulas by HE and Masson trichrome staining,and the structure was more regular than that in the control group.CONCLUSION Use of the modified T-shaped magnet scheme is safe and feasible for establishing TEF and can achieve a more stable and uniform fistula size compared with ordinary magnets.Most importantly,this model offers better controllability,which improves the flexibility of follow-up studies.

高效液相色谱-质谱联用法测定Beagle犬血浆中黄体酮的浓度

目的 建立灵敏的高效液相色谱-质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS),测定Beagle犬血浆中的黄体酮浓度。方法 选用Thermo Accucore C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,2.6μm),以0.1%甲酸水(A)-乙腈(B)为流动相,采用梯度洗脱进行分离,流速为0.4 ml/min,进样量10μl。样品采用乙腈进行蛋白沉淀,通过电喷雾电离源,以多重反应监测(MRM)方式进行正离子检测,用于定量分析的离子对为m/z 315.1→109.2(黄体酮)和m/z 271.4→171.9(内标,甲苯磺丁脲)。结果 黄体酮的线性范围为0.5~100 ng/ml,定量下限(LLOQ)可达0.5 ng/ml,提取回收率(n=6)分别为95.97%,105.20%,108.09%,日内、日间精密度试验RSD均小于15%。结论 该方法操作简单,灵敏度高,准确,重现性好,适用于Beagle犬血浆样品中黄体酮的测定和药动学研究。

Magnetic compression anastomosis for reconstruction of digestive tract after total gastrectomy in beagle model

BACKGROUND Magnetic compression anastomosis(MCA)is a simple procedure contributing to a reliable anastomosis.However,digestive-tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy using MCA has not yet been reported.AIM To investigate the feasibility of MCA for simultaneous esophagojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy after total gastrectomy using beagle dogs.METHODS Sixteen beagles were randomly divided into an MCA group(study group,n=8)and a manual-suture anastomosis group(control group,n=8).Two different magnetic anastomosis devices were used in the study group for esophagojejunal and jejunojejunal anastomoses.Both devices included a pair of circular daughter and parent magnets each.The time of esophagojejunostomy and jejunojejunostomy,postoperative complications,and survival rate of the two groups were compared.The dogs were sacrificed one month after the operation and their anastomotic specimens were obtained.Healing was observed by the naked eye and a light microscope.RESULTS Digestive-tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy was successfully completed in both groups(survival rate=100%).In the study group,esophagojejunal and jejunojejunal anastomoses took 6.13±0.58 and 4.06±0.42 min,respectively,significantly lower than those in the control group(15.63±1.53 min,P<0.001 and 10.31±1.07 min,P<0.001,respectively).Complications such as bleeding,anastomotic leakage,and anastomotic stenosis were not observed.In the study group,the magnets did not interfere with each other.Discharge time of the jejunojejunal magnetic anastomosis device was 10.75±1.28 d,while that of the esophagojejunal magnetic anastomosis device was 12.25±1.49 d.Residual silk was found in the control group.The study group showed a greater smoothness of the anastomosis than that of the control group.All layers of anastomosis healed well in both groups.CONCLUSION MCA is a safe and feasible procedure for digestive-tract reconstruction after total gastrectomy in this animal model.

骨疏康干预Beagle犬磨牙压低过程中转化生长因子β1及β-连环蛋白的表达

背景:骨疏康可以有效促进破骨细胞的凋亡、提高骨密度和骨矿含量、抑制骨吸收。但骨疏康在牙根吸收方面作用的研究匮乏,其调控作用机制尚不清楚。目的:探讨骨疏康在Beagle犬正畸牙根吸收过程中的治疗效果及其对转化生长因子β1、β-连环蛋白表达的影响。方法:将16只Beagle犬随机分为正常对照组(n=4)、蒸馏水组(n=6)与骨疏康组(n=6),正常对照组不进行任何干预,蒸馏水组与骨疏康组建立上颌第一磨牙压低模型,造模后分别每天灌胃蒸馏水与骨疏康(2.1 g/kg)。干预6,9,12周,收集上颌第一磨牙牙根和牙周组织,采用苏木精-伊红染色观察病理变化,免疫组化检测转化生长因子β1、β-连环蛋白的表达水平。结果与结论:(1)第一磨牙随时间推移有明显压低现象出现,在第12周效果最为明显;(2)苏木精-伊红染色显示,蒸馏水组磨牙组织随着加力时间周期的不断延长,破骨细胞数量呈上升趋势,骨吸收现象不断加重;骨疏康组磨牙的根吸收程度轻于蒸馏水组,骨修复能力和牙周组织的改建能力优于蒸馏水组;(3)蒸馏水组磨牙组织转化生长因子β1和β-连环蛋白的表达量显著低于正常对照组(P<0.05);骨疏康组磨牙组织中转化生长因子β1和β-连环蛋白的表达水平随时间推移呈上升趋势,在9周和12周的表达水平显著高于蒸馏水组(P<0.05);(4)结果表明,骨疏康可能通过激活调节转化生长因子β1和β-连环蛋白,促进Beagle犬磨牙骨组织的成骨分化。

Primary animal experiment to test the feasibility of a novel Y-Z magnetic hepatic portal blocking band

BACKGROUND Hepatic portal blood flow occlusion is a common technique for reducing hepatic hemorrhage during hepatectomy.We designed a novel Y-Z magnetic hepatic portal blocking band(Y-Z MHPBB)based on the principle of magnetic compression technique.AIM To introduce the Y-Z MHPBB device and verify the feasibility of this device for hepatic portal blood flow occlusion in dogs.METHODS Ten beagles were randomly divided into the experimental group and control group.The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,the number of portal blood flow occlusions,the total time spent on adjusting the blocking band,and the average time spent on adjusting the blocking band were recorded.The surgeons evaluated the feasibility and flexibility of the two portal occlusion devices.RESULTS Laparoscopic hepatectomy was successfully performed in both the experimental group and control group.There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the operation time,intraoperative blood loss,and the number of hepatic portal blood flow occlusions.With respect to the total time spent on adjusting the blocking band and the average time spent on adjusting the blocking band,the experimental group showed significantly better outcomes than the control group,with a statistical difference(P<0.05).The operators found that the Y-Z MHPBB was superior to the modified T-tube in terms of operational flexibility.CONCLUSION The Y-Z MHPBB seems to be an ingenious design,accurate blood flow occlusion effect,and good flexibility;and it can be used for hepatic portal blood flow occlusion during laparoscopic hepatectomy.

4-甲基环十五烷酮单次给药毒性试验研究

目的研究单次灌胃给予4-甲基环十五烷酮(4-methylcyclopentadecanone,4-MCPC)对Beagle犬和小鼠产生的毒性。方法采用经典的半数致死量法(LD 50法)和最大给药量法分别进行小鼠和Beagle犬单次给药毒性试验,动物分组后灌胃给予不同剂量的4-甲基环十五烷酮,给药1次,给药后观察动物毒性反应,检测动物体重、死亡率、血液学、血液生化学等指标,药后14 d观察结束剖检,检查主要脏器的病变。结果小鼠单次给予4-甲基环十五烷酮的半数致死量为9.41 g·kg^(-1),死亡鼠急性毒性症状主要为水样便、竖毛、俯卧不动、翻正反应消失继而死亡。Beagle犬单次给予4-甲基环十五烷酮的最大给药量为18.40 g·kg^(-1),最大耐受量为1.56 g·kg^(-1),Beagle犬毒性症状主要为稀便、呕吐、精神萎靡、厌食、活动减少等反应。临床检验结果显示18.40、12.24 g·kg^(-1)剂量下Beagle犬凝血酶时间(TT)明显延长,谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、尿素氮(BUN)、肌酐(CR)显著升高。结论4-甲基环十五烷酮对小鼠和Beagle犬的急性毒性较小,安全范围较大。

盐酸氯卡色林渗透泵控释片在Beagle犬中的血药浓度测定方法的建立及其药代动力学研究

目的建立UPLC-MS/MS法测定Beagle犬血浆中盐酸氯卡色林的浓度,并用于盐酸氯卡色林渗透泵控释片在Beagle犬体内的药代动力学研究。方法采用随机交叉法设计实验,以卡马西平为内标,利用乙腈沉淀血浆中的蛋白进行血浆样品处理。色谱柱为Phenomenex Polar C_(18)柱(100 mm×2.1 mm,3μm),流动相是乙腈-水(含10 mmol·L^(-1)醋酸铵和0.1%甲酸)(40∶60)。采用电喷雾离子源,正离子、多反应监测方式进行定量,盐酸氯卡色林和卡马西平的检测离子对分别为m/z 196.2→129.1、m/z 237→194.1。结果盐酸氯卡色林的线性范围为1~500μg·L^(-1)(r=0.9992),提取回收率为87.70%~89.10%,批内、批间的精密度RSD≤9.7%,准确度、基质效应均符合要求,盐酸氯卡色林分别在-20℃冰箱保存45 d、反复冻融3次、室温放置24 h、以及处理后的样品在自动进样器中放置6 h的稳定性均良好。控释片和速释片的药动学参数T_(max)分别为(8.0±1.27)h和(1.0±0.13)h,C_(max)分别为(70.56±3.73)μg·L^(-1)和(176.33±16.73)μg·L^(-1),AUC_(0-t)分别为(966.33±37.56)μg·h·L^(-1)和(973.05±69.09)μg·h·L^(-1)。结论建立的UPLC-MS/MS方法,可用于Beagle犬血浆中盐酸氯卡色林药代动力学研究,渗透泵控释片具有缓释作用。

Necroptosis plays a crucial role in the exacerbation of retinal injury after blunt ocular trauma

Retinal injury after blunt ocular trauma may directly affect prognosis and lead to vision loss.To investigate the pathological changes and molecular mechanisms involved in retinal injury after blunt ocular trauma,we established a weight drop injury model of blunt ocular trauma in male Beagle dogs.Hematoxylin-eosin staining,immunofluorescence staining,western blotting,and TUNEL assays were performed to investigate retinal injury within 14 days after blunt ocular trauma.Compared with the control group,the thicknesses of the inner and outer nuclear layers,as well as the number of retinal ganglion cells,gradually decreased within 14 days after injury.The number of bipolar cells in the inner nuclear layer began to decrease 1 day after injury,while the numbers of cholinergic and amacrine cells in the inner nuclear layer did not decrease until 7 days after injury.Moreover,retinal cell necroptosis increased with time after injury;it progressed from the ganglion cell layer to the outer nuclear layer.Visual electrophysiological findings indicated that visual impairment began on the first day after injury and worsened over time.Additionally,blunt ocular trauma induced nerve regeneration and Müller glial hyperplasia;it also resulted in the recruitment of microglia to the retina and polarization of those microglia to the M1 phenotype.These findings suggest that necroptosis plays an important role in exacerbating retinal injury after blunt ocular trauma via gliosis and neuroinflammation.Such a role has important implications for the development of therapeutic strategies.

新型降血糖化合物G004的安全药理学研究

对新型降血糖化合物G004的安全药理学研究。方法与结论 本试验分别使用ICR小鼠测试供试品对神经系统的影响,使用Beagle犬测试供试品对心血管和呼吸系统的影响。(1)对神经系统影响试验:ICR小鼠经灌胃给予G004,结果表明在本试验条件下供试品对ICR小鼠的行为表现、自发活动及运动协调能力无明显影响;与镇静催眠药物戊巴比妥钠同时使用具有明显的协同作用。(2)对心血管和呼吸系统影响试验:Beagle犬经十二指肠给予G004,结果表明在本试验条件下供试品对Beagle犬心电图、血压和呼吸系统参数的指标未见明显影响。

A Sensitive High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Solid- Phase Extraction for Determination of Fexofenadine in Beagle Plasma

Introduction Fexofenadine, the primary metabolite of terfenadine, is a selective and peripherally acting Hl receptor antagonist and has been developed as a non-sedating H1 antihistaminic drug. In clinical studies, it is used for the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria without producing sedation.

葛根素及其磷脂复合物在Beagle犬体内的药动学比较

目的研究葛根素及其磷脂复合物中葛根素在B eag le犬体内药动学。方法采用HPLC法测定犬血中葛根素,以同组犬(3只,雄性)交叉口服葛根素及其磷脂复合物,药-时曲线数据经3P 97药动学计算程序处理。结果分别以葛根素及其磷脂复合物给B eag le犬口服(剂量为葛根素52.5 m g/kg),葛根素的药-时过程符合开放型双室一级动力学模型,葛根素口服的AUC、Cm ax、tm ax分别为(10.91±4.83)m g.h/L、(3.00±1.13)m g/L、(1.62±0.30)h,而葛根素磷脂复合物的AUC、Cm ax、tm ax分别为(13.67±2.72)m g.h/L、(1.91±0.51)m g/L、(2.38±1.27)h,统计结果表明AUC之间差异有显著性。结论形成磷脂复合物可提高葛根素在B eag le犬体内的吸收。

LC-MS法研究血浆中氧化苦参碱及其代谢物在犬体内的药代学

目的 :建立同时测定Beagle犬血浆中氧化苦参碱及其代谢物的LC MS分析法 ,研究氧化苦参碱及其代谢物药代学过程。方法 :采用LichrospherC18柱 (4.6mm× 2 5 0mm ,5 μm) ,柱温 2 5℃。流动相 10mmol·L-1醋酸铵水溶液 甲醇 (2 5∶75 ) ,流速 1mL·min-1;电喷雾离子化 (ESI)方式 ,采用选择性离子检测法 ,检测离子为正离子 ,氧化苦参碱SIM的离子是 [M +H]+ ,m/z 2 6 5 .1;苦参碱SIM的离子是 [M +H]+ ,m/z2 4 9 2。结果 :氧化苦参碱与苦参碱在 2～ 5 0 0 0ng·mL-1呈良好的线性关系 (r≥ 0. 9990 ) ,二者最小检出含量分别为 0. 6 ,0. 3ng·mL-1。日内和日间误差均小于 4.7% ,方法回收率大于 96. 5 % ;氧化苦参碱的T1/ 2 ,Tmax,Cmax,MRT ,AUC0→ 2 4h为 (5. 5± 1 5 8)h ,(1.0± 0 .30 )h ,(2 4 18 3± 970 78)ng·mL-1,(3.2± 0. 6 4 )h ,(5 797 4± 90 8 16 )ng·mL-1·h ,苦参碱的T1/ 2 ,Tmax,Cmax,MRT ,AUC0→ 2 4h为 (9.8± 2.77)h ,(1.9± 1.0 9)h ,(15 32. 4± 4 94 86 )ng·mL-1,(4 4± 1 97)h ,(5.5 30 5± 10 4 2.6 5 )ng·mL-1·h。结论 :氧化苦参碱和苦参碱LC MS定量法灵敏、快速、简单 ,专属性强 ;

大功率医用钬激光治疗机治疗犬膀胱结石的组织安全性评价

为了评价钬激光治疗膀胱结石的安全性,以6只雌性Beagle犬为医学实验对象,提出了利用膀胱镜镜鞘通过犬的尿道将人体结石直接植入到犬膀胱内的新方法,建立了一种用时较短、对膀胱组织无损伤的犬膀胱结石新模型,并采用输出功率为100 W的HANS-H100医用钬激光治疗机进行了碎石,对钬激光治疗膀胱结石开展了组织安全性评价方面的医学实验研究。实验结果表明:碎石后6只犬精神状态良好,摄食饮水正常,呼吸及对外界反应均未见明显异常;碎石后观察到尿道或膀胱有一定的损伤,引起动物血尿,但该损伤是可逆性的,碎石后14 d尿液恢复正常;碎石后24 h观察到膀胱黏膜有不同程度的损伤,主要表现为黏膜上皮细胞变性坏死、黏膜固有层水肿、大量炎性细胞浸润,肌层内肌纤维间水肿、少量炎性细胞浸润等变化;碎石后7 d主要表现为黏膜上皮细胞脱落、黏膜固有层内水肿,固有层肉芽结缔组织增生等改变;碎石后14 d膀胱组织学结构恢复正常,说明该损伤是可逆性的变化。该实验证明大功率医用钬激光治疗机用于治疗膀胱结石是安全有效的。

聚山梨酯80及其配制的鱼腥草注射液致Beagle犬类过敏反应实验研究

目的评价多种聚山梨酯80及其配制的鱼腥草注射液静脉给药对Beagle犬的致敏性。方法 Beagle犬是类过敏反应的敏感动物,以动物反应症状与血浆组胺升高为判断标准,综合判定类过敏反应。Beagle犬随机分为18组,每组3只,分别静脉注射不同厂家0.25%、0.10%、0.05%浓度的聚山梨酯80灭菌水溶液,或分别含0.25%、0.30%不同厂家聚山梨酯80的鱼腥草注射液。给药体积10mL/kg,前肢静脉恒速注射(速度5mL/min)。观察给药前至给药后24h每只犬的变化,记录症状出现、消失时间,并根据反应症状的轻重判定级别。给药前及停药后10min取血,ELISA方法检测血浆组胺含量,并结合反应症状级别,综合判定致敏性。结果各厂家、各浓度(0.05%、0.10%、0.25%)聚山梨酯80灭菌液以及各组鱼腥草注射液,均未导致Beagle犬出现典型的类过敏反应症状及血浆组胺升高1倍以上。综合判定,各组受试液均未诱发Beagle犬出现典型的类过敏反应。结论控制聚山梨酯80质量,并将使用浓度限定在0.30%或0.25%以下,可以在保证药物增溶效果的同时避免类过敏反应的发生。

实验动物比格(Beagle)犬自发性病变的研究

对46只实验比格犬（10～12月龄），进行一般临床检查，并随机选用18．只犬进行组织病理学观察。实验结果为部分犬的肝功能各丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶偏高；肝、肺、肾和大脑等重要脏器有自发性病理改变；肺的间质性肺炎和大脑室管膜炎及血管围管性浸润发生率较高，部分肝细胞和肾小管上皮细胞呈现浊肿或空泡变等。提示对实验动物宜加强饲养管理，并需增加某些非传染疾病监测，尽可能减少实验动物的自发性病变对研究结果的干扰。