Based on the multi-rigid body discretization model, namely, finite segment model,a chain multi-rigid-body-hinge-spring system model of a beam was presented, then a nonlinear parametrically exacted vibration equation o...Based on the multi-rigid body discretization model, namely, finite segment model,a chain multi-rigid-body-hinge-spring system model of a beam was presented, then a nonlinear parametrically exacted vibration equation of multi-degrees of freedom system was established using the coordination transformation method, and its resonance fields were derived by the restriction parameter method, that is, the dynamical buckling analysis of the beam. Because the deformation of a beam is not restricted by the discrete model and dynamic equation, the post buckling analysis can be done in above math model. The numerical solutions of a few examples were obtained by direct integrated method, which shows that the mechanical and math model gotten is correct.展开更多
The wide availability, low radiation dose and short acquisition time of Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) scans make them an attractive source of data for compiling databases of anatomical structures. However CBCT has higher noise ...The wide availability, low radiation dose and short acquisition time of Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) scans make them an attractive source of data for compiling databases of anatomical structures. However CBCT has higher noise and lower contrast than helical slice CT, which makes segmentation more challenging and the optimal methods are not yet known. This paper evaluates several methods of segmenting airway geometries (nares, nasal cavities and pharynx) from typical dental quality head and neck CBCT data. The nasal cavity has narrow and intricate passages and is separated from the paranasal sinuses by thin walls, making it is susceptible to either over- or under-segmentation. The upper airway was split into two: the nasal cavity and the pharyngeal region (nasopharynx to larynx). Each part was segmented using global thresholding, multi-step level-set, and region competition methods (the latter using thresholding, clustering and classification initialisation and edge attraction techniques). The segmented 3D surfaces were evaluated against a reference manual segmentation using distance-, overlap- and volume-based metrics. Global thresholding, multi-step level-set, and region competition all gave satisfactory results for the lower part of the airway (nasopharynx to larynx). Edge attraction failed completely. A semi-automatic region-growing segmentation with multi-thresholding (or classification) initialization offered the best quality segmentation. With some minimal manual editing, it resulted in an accurate upper airway model, as judged by the similarity and volumetric indices, while being the least time consuming of the semi-automatic methods, and relying the least on the operator’s expertise.展开更多
Based on the vector diffraction theory, the effect of complex phase filters on intensity distribution of a radially polarized multi Gaussian beam in the focal region of high NA lens is theoretically investigated. It i...Based on the vector diffraction theory, the effect of complex phase filters on intensity distribution of a radially polarized multi Gaussian beam in the focal region of high NA lens is theoretically investigated. It is observed that a properly designed multi belt complex phase filter can generate subwavelength novel focal patterns including splitting of focal spots and generation of multiple focal spot segments such as eight, six and four focal spots along the optical axis are obtained. We expect that such an investigation is useful for optical manipulation and material processing, multiple high refractive index particle trapping technologies.展开更多
The finite segment modelling for the flexible beam-formed structural elements is presented, in which the discretization views of the finite segment method and the difference from the finite element method are introduc...The finite segment modelling for the flexible beam-formed structural elements is presented, in which the discretization views of the finite segment method and the difference from the finite element method are introduced. In terms of the nodal model, the joint properties are described easily by the model of the finite segment method, and according to the element properties, the assumption of the small strain is only met in the finite segment method, i. e., the geometric nonlinear deformation of the flexible bodies is allowable. Consequently,the finite segment method is very suited to the flexible multibody structure. The finite segment model is used and the are differentiation is adopted for the differential beam segments. The stiffness equation is derived by the use of the principle of virtual work. The new modelling method shows its normalization, clear physical and geometric meanings and simple computational process.展开更多
乳腺肿瘤是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,其临床诊断不但费时费力,还容易出现误诊.本文旨在建立一个基于乳腺数据自动分割的乳腺肿瘤计算机辅助诊断模型,提高临床诊断的速度和准确率.为了用卷积神经网络U-Net模型分割对比增强锥光束乳腺计算机断...乳腺肿瘤是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,其临床诊断不但费时费力,还容易出现误诊.本文旨在建立一个基于乳腺数据自动分割的乳腺肿瘤计算机辅助诊断模型,提高临床诊断的速度和准确率.为了用卷积神经网络U-Net模型分割对比增强锥光束乳腺计算机断层扫描(Contrast-Enhanced Cone-Beam Breast CT,CE-CBBCT)数据,本文首先沿冠状面将3维数据转换成2维切片,通过数据默认的窗口对其进行归一化处理.实验结果显示,使用U-Net卷积神经网络对数据进行分割,Dice系数和IoU(Intersection over Union)分别为0.7920和0.6962.然后,本文用不同骨干网络(即各种深度学习分类网络)去替换U-Net的编码器,再次进行分割并对比不同特征提取对分割性能的影响,发现旋转增广方式可以提升各分割网络的性能.其中,基于ResNet152的U形分割网络的性能最好,Dice系数和IoU分别达到0.8410和0.7576.随后,本文又在所有模型中选取5个性能最好的模型组成一个集成模型,重复分割实验,发现此模型有最佳分割性能,平均Dice系数和IoU可达0.8463和0.7676,性能显著提升.值得指出的是,在处理数据时本文仅使用数据默认的窗口,降低了对人工的依赖.展开更多
文摘Based on the multi-rigid body discretization model, namely, finite segment model,a chain multi-rigid-body-hinge-spring system model of a beam was presented, then a nonlinear parametrically exacted vibration equation of multi-degrees of freedom system was established using the coordination transformation method, and its resonance fields were derived by the restriction parameter method, that is, the dynamical buckling analysis of the beam. Because the deformation of a beam is not restricted by the discrete model and dynamic equation, the post buckling analysis can be done in above math model. The numerical solutions of a few examples were obtained by direct integrated method, which shows that the mechanical and math model gotten is correct.
文摘The wide availability, low radiation dose and short acquisition time of Cone-Beam CT (CBCT) scans make them an attractive source of data for compiling databases of anatomical structures. However CBCT has higher noise and lower contrast than helical slice CT, which makes segmentation more challenging and the optimal methods are not yet known. This paper evaluates several methods of segmenting airway geometries (nares, nasal cavities and pharynx) from typical dental quality head and neck CBCT data. The nasal cavity has narrow and intricate passages and is separated from the paranasal sinuses by thin walls, making it is susceptible to either over- or under-segmentation. The upper airway was split into two: the nasal cavity and the pharyngeal region (nasopharynx to larynx). Each part was segmented using global thresholding, multi-step level-set, and region competition methods (the latter using thresholding, clustering and classification initialisation and edge attraction techniques). The segmented 3D surfaces were evaluated against a reference manual segmentation using distance-, overlap- and volume-based metrics. Global thresholding, multi-step level-set, and region competition all gave satisfactory results for the lower part of the airway (nasopharynx to larynx). Edge attraction failed completely. A semi-automatic region-growing segmentation with multi-thresholding (or classification) initialization offered the best quality segmentation. With some minimal manual editing, it resulted in an accurate upper airway model, as judged by the similarity and volumetric indices, while being the least time consuming of the semi-automatic methods, and relying the least on the operator’s expertise.
文摘Based on the vector diffraction theory, the effect of complex phase filters on intensity distribution of a radially polarized multi Gaussian beam in the focal region of high NA lens is theoretically investigated. It is observed that a properly designed multi belt complex phase filter can generate subwavelength novel focal patterns including splitting of focal spots and generation of multiple focal spot segments such as eight, six and four focal spots along the optical axis are obtained. We expect that such an investigation is useful for optical manipulation and material processing, multiple high refractive index particle trapping technologies.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China!59575026
文摘The finite segment modelling for the flexible beam-formed structural elements is presented, in which the discretization views of the finite segment method and the difference from the finite element method are introduced. In terms of the nodal model, the joint properties are described easily by the model of the finite segment method, and according to the element properties, the assumption of the small strain is only met in the finite segment method, i. e., the geometric nonlinear deformation of the flexible bodies is allowable. Consequently,the finite segment method is very suited to the flexible multibody structure. The finite segment model is used and the are differentiation is adopted for the differential beam segments. The stiffness equation is derived by the use of the principle of virtual work. The new modelling method shows its normalization, clear physical and geometric meanings and simple computational process.
文摘乳腺肿瘤是一种常见的恶性肿瘤,其临床诊断不但费时费力,还容易出现误诊.本文旨在建立一个基于乳腺数据自动分割的乳腺肿瘤计算机辅助诊断模型,提高临床诊断的速度和准确率.为了用卷积神经网络U-Net模型分割对比增强锥光束乳腺计算机断层扫描(Contrast-Enhanced Cone-Beam Breast CT,CE-CBBCT)数据,本文首先沿冠状面将3维数据转换成2维切片,通过数据默认的窗口对其进行归一化处理.实验结果显示,使用U-Net卷积神经网络对数据进行分割,Dice系数和IoU(Intersection over Union)分别为0.7920和0.6962.然后,本文用不同骨干网络(即各种深度学习分类网络)去替换U-Net的编码器,再次进行分割并对比不同特征提取对分割性能的影响,发现旋转增广方式可以提升各分割网络的性能.其中,基于ResNet152的U形分割网络的性能最好,Dice系数和IoU分别达到0.8410和0.7576.随后,本文又在所有模型中选取5个性能最好的模型组成一个集成模型,重复分割实验,发现此模型有最佳分割性能,平均Dice系数和IoU可达0.8463和0.7676,性能显著提升.值得指出的是,在处理数据时本文仅使用数据默认的窗口,降低了对人工的依赖.
