Analysis and Interpretation of the Social Reality Reflected in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin

The basic assumption of Marxist criticism is that those who control a society's economy also control or largely influence its material, cultural, and intellectual products. The Marxist criticism theory in Uncle Tom's Cabin is about the reality of liberation theology, and twentieth-century political resistance movement in order to expose the evilness of slavery.

Experimental Verification and Research for the Distortion in the Integrated Frequency Responses of the High-Pressure Sealed Cabin and Magnetic Field Sensor

Although magnetotelluric sounding method applied to the land is advanced, there are many difficulties when it is applied to marine environment, one of which is how to lay magnetic field sensors down to the seafloor to complete measurements. To protect the magnetic field sensors from intense erosion and high pressure, suitable high-pressure sealed cabins must be designed to load them. For the consideration of magnetic measurement and marine operation, the sealed pressure cabin should be nonmagnetic and transportable. Among all optional materials, LC4 super.hard aluminum alloy has the highest performance of price/quality ratio to make the sealed pressure cabin. However, it does not mean that the high-pressure sealed cabin made using LC4 will be perfect in performance. In fact, because of its weak magnetism, the pressure cabin made using LC4 has distorting effect on frequency responses of the magnetic field sensors sealed in it. This distorting effect does not affect the use of the magnetic field sensor, but if we want to eliminate its effect, we should study it by experimental measurements. In our experiment tests, frequency sweep magnetic field as excitation signal was used, and then responses of the magnetic field sensor before and after being loaded into the high-pressure sealed cabin were measured. Finally, normalized abnormal curves for the frequency responses were obtained, through which we could show how the high-pressure sealed cabin produces effects on the responses of the magnetic field sensor. Experimental results suggest that the response distortion induced by the sealed pressure cabin appears on mid- and high-frequency areas. Using experimental results as standardization data, the frequency responses collected from seafloor magnetotelluric measurements can be corrected to restore real information about the seafloor field source.

The scaling laws of cabin structures subjected to internal blast loading:Experimental and numerical studies

This paper presents a combination of experimental and numerical investigations on the dynamic response of scaling cabin structures under internal blast loading.The purpose of this study is to modify the similar relationship between the scaled-down model and the prototype of the cabin structures under internal blast loading.According to the Hopkinson’s scaling law,three sets of cabin structure models with different scaling factors combined with different explosive masses were designed for the experimental study.The dynamic deformation process of the models was recorded by a three-dimensional digital imaging correlation(DIC)method and a 3D scanning technology was used to reconstruct the deformation modes of the specimen.In addition,a finite element model was developed for the modification of the scaling law.The experimental results showed that the final deflection-to-thickness ratio was increased with the increase of the model size despite of the similar trend of their deformation processes.The reason for this inconsistency was discussed based on the traditional scaling law and a modified formula considering of the effects of size and strain-rate was provided.

Comparison of the Ergonomic Characteristics of Forwarders with Stationary and Rotating Cabins

The research of the ergonomic parameters of two tested forwarders was based on the measurement of a variability of physiological functions of the operator during one work shift. The research included a series of six measurements, each lasting l h and starting at 5：00, 12：00 and 17：00 O＇clock. The measured operator was at all times the same person. We had a hypothesis that the rate of the measured variability would have to do with the following four factors： forwarder cabin type, terrain character, fatigue during the work shift and work at daylight or in dark. Main findings are described below： during his work with a fixed type of the forwarder cab, the operator＇s brain waves at the frequency of Gamma, high Beta, Beta and Alpha reached statistically significantly higher average values than during his work with a rotating cab. With a higher degree of terrain roughness and in the forwarder with the rotating cab, the operator showed a significantly higher frequency and lower amplitude of respiration. At the beginning of the work shift, the tension of muscles in the operator＇s neck was at the significantly lowest level. In the afternoon, at the end of the work shift, the level of muscle tension was the highest. The “daylight/dark” work had a significantly highest impact on volume changes in the amplitude （strength） of blood pulse and on the skin conductance level. All research factors explained together 15%-65% of the variability of physiological functions.

Design and Experimental Evaluation of PID Controller for Digital Electro-Pneumatic Cabin Pressure Control System

The performance of the designed digital electro-pneumatic cabin pressure control system for the cabin pressure schedule of transport aircraft is investigated.For the purpose of this study,an experimental setup consisting of a simulated hermetic cabin and altitude simulation chamber is configured for cabin pressure control system operation.A series of experimental tests are executed to evaluate the performance of the cabin pressure control system.The parameters of the PID controller are optimized.In the optimization process,the variation regularity of the rate of cabin pressure change under various conditions is considered.An approach to prioritize the control of the rate of change of cabin pressure based on the flight status model is proposed and verified experimentally.The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach can be adopted for the designed digital electro-pneumatic cabin pressure control system to obtain a better cabin pressure schedule and rate of cabin pressure change.

Study on the Overload and Dwell-Fatigue Property of Titanium Alloy in Manned Deep Submersible

With the rapid development of ocean technology, the deep-sea manned submersible is regarded as a high-tech equipment for the exploration and exploitation of ocean resources. The safety of manned cabin has a decisive effect on the whole system. Ti-6 Al-4 V with the superior strength-to-weight ratio and corrosion resistance has been used for the manned cabin. The manned cabin experiences loading spectrum with different maximum stresses and different dwell time during their service life. The load sequence effects on dwell fatigue crack growth behavior of Ti-6 Al-4 V under different dwell time are investigated experimentally in this paper. The experimental results show that the crack tip plastic zone is enlarged by the dwell time and the overload retardation zone increases with dwell time under the same overload rate. A dwell fatigue crack growth model is proposed by modifying the crack tip plastic zone under the loading history with combinations of the single overload and dwell time factors are included in the modified model. Based on the experimental data, the overload retardation zone and the crack growth rates of Ti-6 Al-4 V are predicted by the modified model. A reasonable model for the load sequence effect on the dwell fatigue crack growth rates of Ti-6 Al-4 V is verified.

The Influence of Blocking Mass Parameters on the Vibration Isolation Performance of a Power Cabin

Rigid blocking masses are located in the typical base structure of a power cabin based on the impedance mismatch principle.By combining the acoustic-structural coupling method and statistical energy analysis,the full-band vibration and sound radiation reduction effect of vibration isolation masses located in a base structure was researched.The influence of the blocking mass’ cross-section size and shape parameters and the layout location of the base isolation performance was discussed.Furthermore,the effectiveness of rigid vibration isolation design of the base structure was validated.The results show that the medium and high frequency vibration and sound radiation of a power cabin are effectively reduced by a blocking mass.Concerning weight increment and section requirement,suitably increasing the blocking mass size and section height and reducing section width can result in an efficiency-cost ratio.

The Research of Ship Cabin Monitoring System on Single Chip Computer

The monitoring system of ship cabin based on single chip computer is introduced. The system can inspect the signal circulatively coming from sensors of all kinds, and give alarm when limit is broken. It demonstrated the working principles, hardware block diagram and software flow diagram of the system.

Optimal Design of a Ship Multitasking Cabin Layout Based on the Interval Optimization Method

Searching for the optimal cabin layout plan is an efective way to improve the efciency of the overall design and reduce a ship’s operation costs.The multitasking states of a ship involve several statuses when facing diferent missions during a voyage,such as the status of the marine supply and emergency escape.The human fow and logistics between cabins will change as the state changes.An ideal cabin layout plan,which is directly impacted by the above-mentioned factors,can meet the diferent requirements of several statuses to a higher degree.Inevitable deviations exist in the quantifcation of human fow and logistics.Moreover,uncontrollability is present in the fow situation during actual operations.The coupling of these deviations and uncontrollability shows typical uncertainties,which must be considered in the design process.Thus,it is important to integrate the demands of the human fow and logistics in multiple states into an uncertainty parameter scheme.This research considers the uncertainties of adjacent and circulating strengths obtained after quantifying the human fow and logistics.Interval numbers are used to integrate them,a two-layer nested system of interval optimization is introduced,and diferent optimization algorithms are substituted for solving calculations.The comparison and analysis of the calculation results with deterministic optimization show that the conclusions obtained can provide feasible guidance for cabin layout scheme.

Clinical application of full automatic animal experimental cabin of normobaric/hypobaric hypoxia and high carbon dioxide

To explore the feasibility of the full automatic animal experimental cabin to establish the animal models in normobaric/hypobaric hypoxic and high carbon dioxide environment. Methods： Sixty SPF-class male DS rats were divided into 2 groups, 20 for normobaric, hypoxic conditions and the other 40 for hypobaric, hypoxic conditions. For each group, the pulmonary arterial pressure and carotid arterial pressure indicators of rats were examined by using the physiological multi-detector, and the pulmonary vascular changes in the structure were observed. Results： The normobaric/hypobaric hypoxic with high carbon dioxide environment can promote the formation of pulmonary hypertension and accelerate changes in pulmonary vascular remodeling, and promote the right ventricular hypertrophy. Conclusion： Clinical applications showed that the animal experimental cabin has observed and controlled accurately. The result was safe, reliable and reproducible. The cabin can successfully establish the pulmonary hypertension model in normobaric/hypobaric hypoxic with high carbon dioxide environment, and in order to study the physiological mechanism of a variety of circulation and respiratory diseases caused by lack of oxygen, which provided an experimental technology platform for clinical research.

译著《Uncle Tom＆#39;s Cabin The first chapter and the second chapter》

《Uncle Tom＆#39;s Cabin》，译作《汤姆叔叔的小屋》，作者是美国女作家比彻＆#183;斯托夫人。本文中作者巧妙运用多种翻译手法对《汤姆叔叔的小屋》一书第一章和第二章进行译著。

The Development and Application of Combined Thermoregulatory Mathematical Models

Thermoregulatory mathematical models have being developed for more than half a century and obtained more and more wide application. Among them, the 'engineering-physiological' thermal models, which correlated closely to the man-machine-environment system, are the ones that developed most rapidly and have been widely accepted by thermal physiologists and environmental control engineers.This paper attempts to outline briefly the development and application of such kind of thermal models, discusses how to further develop and apply various combined thermal models in practice, and puts forward four respects of suggestions for establishment and modification of combined thermal models of man-clothing-cabin environment.

Acoustic and Vibration Environment Prediction Technology of Instrument Cabin Based on Multi-Source Data

Noise characteristic is one of the important factors to be considered during the design of a launch vehicle system.In this paper,the acceptance conditions for the external noise environment of the instrument cabin are given based on multi-source data,including the measured data of the launch vehicle lift-off noise,the mechanical environment of the launch vehicle equipment,and the external noise environment of the instrument cabin deduced from empirical formula.Then an acoustic and vibration transfer model is established based on the response data of the instrument equipment used to conduct measurements in the noise test reverberation room.By using an external noise environment and a transfer model,the response of the instrument and equipment for the acceptance condition can be obtained.The acoustic and vibration prediction technology introduced in this paper can provide technical support in the environmental prediction analysis of heavy launch vehicles for the future.

Study of Treating HAPE with HBO in Situ at the Altitude of 4636m

Study Objective: To evaluate the treatment effect of HAPE with HBO in situ at an extreme altitude of 4636 m. To investigate the relationship between pulmonary hypertension (PH) and HAPE. To emphasize the importance of the treatment in situ.Methods: The 32 patients from the plateau of 4636～5130 m (the barometric pressure: 57.41～53.28 kPa/431.6～400.6 mmHg(1 mmHg=133.3224 Pa), the partial pressure of oxygen: 12.0～11.6 kPa/90.0～87.0 mmHg) were treated in situ of 4636 m altitude with HBO. Before and after the treatment, the clinical symptoms / signs, radiographic evidence, SaO2, and MPAP were compared.Results: The clinical symptoms/signs, and all the targets of the patients were improved dramatically (p<0.001).Conclusions: Treating HAPE with HBO is the most effective method among various therapies in situ at an extreme altitude. The pulmonary -artery pressure was significantly decreased. All cases showed improved immediately. Among the subjects, 11 cases (34.3%) were cured at once. The therapy made it possible for patients to get further treatment at a lower altitude area with prospective good results. We suggested that treating HAPE with HBO should be the first choice in situ. There must be PH in the patients of HAPE, but the reverse is not the true. The PH is a mechanism of normal compensation of the body exposing in the hypoxic environment. It is very necessary for us to explore the threshold of PH when a HAPE happens.

A Study on the Uniqueness of British Political System

这篇论文旨在研究英国政治体制的特点。作者将从君主制和行政体制两方面阐述英国政治体制的独特性。在文中,作者将对比英国政治体制与中美政治体制的异同。通过这篇文章,读者能很好的理解英国政治体制的独特性。

Experimental Study on Occupant's Thermal Responses under the Non-uniform Conditions in Vehicle Cabin during the Heating Period

The existing investigations on thermal comfort mostly focus on the thermal environment conditions, especially of the air-flow field and the temperature distributions in vehicle cabin. Less attention appears to direct to the thermal comfort or thermal sensation of occupants, even to the relationship between thermal conditions and thermal sensation. In this paper, a series of experiments were designed and conducted for understanding the non-uniform conditions and the occupant＇s thermal responses in vehicle cabin during the heating period. To accurately assess the transient temperature distribution in cabin in common daily condition, the air temperature at a number of positions is measured in a full size vehicle cabin under natural winter environment in South China by using a discrete thermocouples network. The occupant body is divided into nine segments, the skin temperature at each segment and the occupant＇s local thermal sensation at the head, body, upper limb and lower limb are monitored continuously. The skin temperature is observed by using a discrete thermocouples network, and the local thermal sensation is evaluated by using a seven-point thermal comfort survey questionnaire proposed by American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc（ASHRAE） Standard. The relationship between the skin temperature and the thermal sensation is discussed and regressed by statistics method. The results show that the interior air temperature is highly non-uniform over the vehicle cabin. The locations where the occupants sit have a significant effect on the occupant＇s thermal responses, including the skin temperature and the thermal sensation. The skin temperaWa-e and thermal sensation are quite different between body segments due to the effect of non-uniform conditions, clothing resistance, and the human thermal regulating system. A quantitative relationship between the thermal sensation and the skin temperature at each body segment of occupant in real life traffic is presented. The investigation result indicates that the skin temperature is a robust index to evaluate the thermal sensation. Applying the skin temperature to designing and controlling parameters of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning（HVAC） system may benefit the thermal comfort and reducing energy consumption.

A Preliminary Numerical Investigation of Airborne Droplet Dispersion in Aircraft Cabins

The emergence of the novel coronavirus has led to a global pandemic which has led to the airline industry facing severe losses. For air travel to recover, airlines need to ensure safe air travel. In this paper, the authors have modeled droplet dispersion after a single breath from an index patient. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations are conducted using the k-ωSST turbulence model in ANSYS Fluent. The authors have taken into consideration several parameters such as the size of the mouth opening, the velocity of the cabin air as well as the number of droplets being exhaled by the index patient to ensure a realistic simulation. Preliminary results indicate that after a duration of 20 s, droplets from the index patient disperse within a 10 m2 cabin area. About 75% of the droplets are found disperse for up to 2 m axially behind the index patient. This could possess an enhanced risk to passengers sitting behind the index patient. Ultimately, this paper provides an insight into the potential of CFD to visualise droplet dispersal and give impetus to ensure that necessary mitigating measures can be taken to reduce the risk of infection through droplet dispersal.

Protective Design of a Warship Broadside Liquid Cabin

Based on the traditional Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) algorithm, the linked-list search algorithm combined with the variable smoothing length and square support domain was put forward to improve the calculation efficiency and guarantee the calculation accuracy. The physical process of high velocity fragment impact on a broadside liquid cabin was programmed for simulation. The numerical results agreed well with those of the general software ANSYS AUTODYN, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the numerical method. From the perspective of the outer plate thickness of the liquid cabin, the width of the liquid cabin, and incident angle of the fragment, the influence of these parameters on protective mechanisms was analyzed to provide a basis for protective design of a broadside liquid cabin. Results show that the influence of outer plate thickness is not obvious; therefore, the conventional design can be adopted in the design of the outer plate. The width of the liquid cabin has a great influence on the residual velocity of the fragment and the width of the liquid cabin should be designed to be as wide as possible under the premise of meeting other requirements. There is a certain incident angle in which the velocity attenuation of the fragment is most obvious, and the high-pressure zone near the inner plate is asymmetric. The inner plate of liquid cabin should be strengthened according to the hull form, principal dimensions, and vulnerable points.

Thermal comfort and thermoregulation in manned space flight

Exposure to thermal environment is one of the main concerns for manned space exploration. By focusing on the works performed on thermoregulation at microgravity or simulated microgravity, we endeavored to review the investigation on space thermal environmental physiology. First of all, the application of medical requirements for the crew module design from normal thermal comfort to accidental thermal emergencies in a space craft will be addressed. Then, alterations in the autonomic and behavioral temperature regulation caused by the effect of weightlessness both in space flight and its simulation on the ground are also discussed. Furthermore, countermeasures like exercise training, simulated natural ventilation, encouraged drink, etc., in the protection of thermoregulation during space flight is presented. Finally, the challenge of space thermal environment physiology faced in the future is figured out.

Research on shock resistance of modularization cabin

Underwater explosion impulsive loading would not only cause serious damage to ship structure,but also influence the shock resistance of cabin structure.In this paper,based on Duha Man integral theory,the idea of cabin structure about isolation vibration based on modularization design was presented,which can improve the shock resistance of existing cabins.The shock resistance analysis of the modularization cabin about connection pattern by bolt,single-layer,double-layer and floating raft system of vibration isolation is carried out.The results showed that the shock resistance of bolt is the worst and floating raft is relatively superior above all.