Open-Source Codes of Topology Optimization: A Summary for Beginners to Start Their Research

Topology optimization(TO),a numerical technique to find the optimalmaterial layoutwith a given design domain,has attracted interest from researchers in the field of structural optimization in recent years.For beginners,opensource codes are undoubtedly the best alternative to learning TO,which can elaborate the implementation of a method in detail and easily engage more people to employ and extend the method.In this paper,we present a summary of various open-source codes and related literature on TO methods,including solid isotropic material with penalization(SIMP),evolutionary method,level set method(LSM),moving morphable components/voids(MMC/MMV)methods,multiscale topology optimization method,etc.Simultaneously,we classify the codes into five levels,fromeasy to difficult,depending on their difficulty,so that beginners can get started and understand the form of code implementation more quickly.

Research on the Impact of Core Strength Training on the Motor Skills of Tennis Beginners

With the popularity of tennis in the sports world,more and more beginners are joining this sport.However,for beginners,how to improve motor skills and game performance is still an important issue.Core strength training has potential as a potential adjunct to improve overall fitness and skill in athletes.Therefore,this research aimed to explore the potential impact of core strength training on the motor skills of tennis beginners to provide better training strategies and guidance for coaches and athletes.

Colonoscopy procedural skills and training for new beginners

The incidence of colorectal cancer has been increasing in the developed world including South Korea and China.Colonoscopy allows for greater diagnostic specificity and sensitivity compared with other types of examinations,such as the stool occult blood test,barium enema,and computed tomography colonography.Therefore,in recent years,the demand for colonoscopies has grown rapidly.New beginners including primary care physicians may help meet the increasing demand by performing colonoscopies.However,it is a challenge to learn the procedure due to the long learning-curve and the high rate of complications,such as perforation and bleeding,as compared to gastroscopy.Thus,considerable training and experience are required for optimal performance of colonoscopies.In order to perform a complete colonoscopic examination,there were a few important thingsto learn and remember,such as the position of examinee(e.g.,left and right decubitus,supine,and prone)and examiner(two-man method vs one-man standing method vs one-man sitting method),basic skills(e.g.,tip deflection,push forward and pull back,torque,air suction and insufflation),advanced skills(e.g.,jiggling and shaking,right and left turn shortening,hooking,and slide-by technique),assisting skills(e.g.,position change of examinee,abdominal compression,breathing-holding,and liquid-infusion technique),and intubation techniques along the lower gastrointestinal tract.In this article,we attempt to describe the methods of insertion and advancement of the colonoscope to the new beginners including primary care physician.We believe that this article may be helpful to the new beginners who wish to learn the procedure.

On Model of Translation Beginners' Mechanism of Mental Translation

Translation process is a process of information processing, and also a process of translators' thinking activity. During the process of translation or bilingual communication, translators or bilingual users employ mental translation. To expound how beginners communicate or translate in the bilingual environment, the model of mechanism of mental translation, i.e. match-making mechanism of mental translation, is theoretically constructed.

Absolute Beginners

Migrant workers born in the 1980s have-high aspirations "I haven’t been back to my hometown to celebrate thd Spring Festival for four years,"

Three Discussions in Teaching and Learning Chinese as a Foreign Language

During these decades,learning Chinese has been a heated point in the foreign language teaching and learning.Due to this situation,I suggest to discuss three questions which are related to Chinese language teaching for beginners,they are about whether foreigners can and should learn literacy; whether to teach both pinyin and characters and what to teach first.

Endoscopic transcanal myringoplasty:Is learning curve a myth?

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of transcanal endoscopic myringoplasty in the hand of young beginner surgeons who had just completed the residency programme.Methods: In a three year period(August 2012 to August 2015), 44 ears in 42 patients were operated upon by a beginner surgeon through the transcanal endoscopic approach in a subdistrict level hospital located in the north western ranges of the Himalayan region.Results: Of the 42 patient, 19 were male and 23 female. The mean age was 26.23 years(range: 15 e47 years). In 40 ears, complete perforation closure was achieved at six months(success rate: 90.9%). The mean air conduction PTA preoperatively was 40.84 dB HL and improved to 28.06 dB HL postoperatively(p <.001). The mean AB gap preoperatively was 22.40 dB, which improved to 9.1 dB postoperatively(p <.001).Conclusion: Endoscopic transcanal myringoplasty is safe and reliable even in young beginners' hands.Surgeons can consider endoscopic approach early in their careers without the fear of learning curve. The cost of endoscopic equipment is about one tenth as compared to open approach under a operating microscope, and an added advantage.

AKB48萌系变装舞会

打扮得美美的是每一个女孩子的梦想，AKB48的强势成功很大程度上也从她们变化莫测的造型中得益良多。随着单曲《Beginner》销量一路继续上升．AKB48也成为了一个女团造型新时代的Beginner。

Teaching Grammar to Students at Basic and Intermediate Levels

There is no doubt that grammar is a basic and indispensable element in language. However, it is still under debate that whether grammar should be taught in class. Although Krashen(1981) argues that grammar instruction has little benefit on L2(second language) acquisition(as cited in Ellis, 2006), many educators still insist that grammar should be taught, especially for beginners and intermediate level students. Since students' proficiencies are various, a large number of instructors believe that teaching grammar is necessary and important for students to acquire the ability of listening, speaking, reading, and writing in their second language. Therefore, according to previous research studies and teaching practices, the following questions will be addressed: Why should grammar be taught in class, how to teach grammar and are there any strategies to improve the quality of grammar instruction, especially for non-native-speaking students at basic or intermediate level. Last but not least, are there any educational implications when teaching grammar in practice?