Construction of "water-saving landscape architecture" is a crucial content of building "conservation-minded society'',an important approach of ensuring the sustainable development of landscaping...Construction of "water-saving landscape architecture" is a crucial content of building "conservation-minded society'',an important approach of ensuring the sustainable development of landscaping industry.It targets at exploring a reasonable means of using the nature,so as to improve ecological conditions and environment,save resources and energies,and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.Landscape plant is a significant component of landscape architecture,it is a key section to choose proper drought-resistant plant species for the landscape construction.展开更多
Biological water saving is one of the major fields of water saving agriculture in the future and has an enormous potential in agricultural production. In this paper, the necessity and urgency of developing high water ...Biological water saving is one of the major fields of water saving agriculture in the future and has an enormous potential in agricultural production. In this paper, the necessity and urgency of developing high water use efficiency in plant biology were dissertated firstly, and the research progresses at home and abroad were reviewed as following aspects： mechanisms of drought resistance and high water use efficiency, criterions for identifying and evaluating drought resistance and water use efficiency, genetic improvement for drought resistance and water use efficiency, water saving irrigation technology based on the physiological regulation and control in crop plants. Major problems in the research field at present were put forward, and development tendency of water use efficiency in plant biology in the future were also discussed.展开更多
As one of the important materials in landscaping for flower terrace and border, Petunia hybrida needs high environmental conditions and its growth is seriously influenced by the drought. Silicon is considered to be a ...As one of the important materials in landscaping for flower terrace and border, Petunia hybrida needs high environmental conditions and its growth is seriously influenced by the drought. Silicon is considered to be a necessary element for plant growth, and soluble silicon can improve plant resilience. To improve the drought resilience of Petunia hybrida, the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes cloned from rice（Oryza sative） were transferred into Petunia hybrida by Agrobacterium-mediated method, and finally got 26 and 32 positive plants, respectively by PCR and RT-PCR detections. With a control of non-transgenic plants, the obtained transgenic plants were taken by drought treatment stress for 0, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days, then re-watered and measured physiological indexes as malondialdehyde（MDA） content, free proline（Pro） content, superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and peroxidase（POD） activity to study the effect of Petunia＇s drought resistance. All the results proved that the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes were normally transcripted and expressed in transgenic Petunia hybrida; OsLsi1 gene could improve the abilities of plants＇ drought resistance and recover after drought stress, while OsLsi2 gene could reduce the above abilities. The order of the drought resistance ability of the three strains from strong to weak was OsLsi1〉CK〉OsLsi2; and silicon indeed improved the ability of drought resistance as well. All these results provided a new way to improve the drought resistance of Petunia, and laid a foundation to improve the ability of garden plants＇ drought resistance and water saving.展开更多
【目的】深入了解植物干旱胁迫领域的研究现状、研究热点及未来发展趋势,对我国2018-2022年植物干旱胁迫研究进行文献计量和可视化分析。【方法】利用Citespace和VOSviewer软件,以2018-2022年发表在中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS...【目的】深入了解植物干旱胁迫领域的研究现状、研究热点及未来发展趋势,对我国2018-2022年植物干旱胁迫研究进行文献计量和可视化分析。【方法】利用Citespace和VOSviewer软件,以2018-2022年发表在中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)数据库的植物干旱胁迫研究文献为研究对象,分析我国2018-2022年干旱胁迫对植物生长、生理和基因表达的影响研究热点与趋势。【结果】国内干旱胁迫对植物影响的研究热点主要集中在“干旱胁迫对植物外在形态和叶片内部结构的影响”“干旱胁迫对植物光合特性的影响”“干旱胁迫对植物渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶的影响”及“干旱胁迫对植物基因表达的影响”4个方面。该领域研究重点主要包括干旱或干旱与盐复合胁迫对植物生理生化和抗旱基因的鉴定与转移。其中知网文献的关键词为“耐盐性”“苗期”和“抗旱鉴定”;WOS文献的关键词则是“抗坏血酸过氧化物酶”“水分利用”和“异位表达”。【结论】纳米材料在缓解植物干旱胁迫中的作用、多组学联合分析(基因组、转录组、蛋白组、代谢组)以及转基因、基因编辑、基因沉默等技术在提升植物抗旱性中的综合应用将成为未来研究热点。展开更多
Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed crops, mainly grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is also rich in proteins, vitamins and ions, therefore it constitutes an important por...Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed crops, mainly grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is also rich in proteins, vitamins and ions, therefore it constitutes an important portion of food nutrition for people in these regions. The production of peanut is being threatened by the changing environments as the major peanut producing counties such as China, India, and USA are facing severe water shortage for peanut irrigation. The yield and quality of peanut are negatively affected by drought and salinity. Making peanut more droughtand salt-tolerant will likely sustain peanut production in countries where water shortage or saline soil are already problems. Efforts were made to genetically engineer peanut for higher tolerance to drought and salt. Analysis of these transgenic peanut plants indicated that the agronomic traits such as peanut yields were the same between wild-type and transgenic peanut plants under normal growth conditions, yet the yields of transgenic peanut plants were much higher than wild-type peanut plant under reduced irrigation conditions. Other traits such as protein content and fatty acid compositions in the seeds of transgenic peanut plants were not altered under both normal and drought conditions, indicating that the genetic manipulation of peanut for stress tolerance did not affect chemical compositions of peanut seeds in transgenic peanut plants, only increased seed yields under stress conditions.展开更多
文摘Construction of "water-saving landscape architecture" is a crucial content of building "conservation-minded society'',an important approach of ensuring the sustainable development of landscaping industry.It targets at exploring a reasonable means of using the nature,so as to improve ecological conditions and environment,save resources and energies,and promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature.Landscape plant is a significant component of landscape architecture,it is a key section to choose proper drought-resistant plant species for the landscape construction.
基金funded by the National 863 Program of China (2002AA2Z4341)
文摘Biological water saving is one of the major fields of water saving agriculture in the future and has an enormous potential in agricultural production. In this paper, the necessity and urgency of developing high water use efficiency in plant biology were dissertated firstly, and the research progresses at home and abroad were reviewed as following aspects： mechanisms of drought resistance and high water use efficiency, criterions for identifying and evaluating drought resistance and water use efficiency, genetic improvement for drought resistance and water use efficiency, water saving irrigation technology based on the physiological regulation and control in crop plants. Major problems in the research field at present were put forward, and development tendency of water use efficiency in plant biology in the future were also discussed.
基金Supported by the Fund of Science and Technology Research Project of Education Department in Heilongjiang Province(12531014)
文摘As one of the important materials in landscaping for flower terrace and border, Petunia hybrida needs high environmental conditions and its growth is seriously influenced by the drought. Silicon is considered to be a necessary element for plant growth, and soluble silicon can improve plant resilience. To improve the drought resilience of Petunia hybrida, the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes cloned from rice（Oryza sative） were transferred into Petunia hybrida by Agrobacterium-mediated method, and finally got 26 and 32 positive plants, respectively by PCR and RT-PCR detections. With a control of non-transgenic plants, the obtained transgenic plants were taken by drought treatment stress for 0, 4, 7, 10 and 14 days, then re-watered and measured physiological indexes as malondialdehyde（MDA） content, free proline（Pro） content, superoxide dismutase（SOD） activity and peroxidase（POD） activity to study the effect of Petunia＇s drought resistance. All the results proved that the silicon transporter protein OsLsi1 and OsLsi2 genes were normally transcripted and expressed in transgenic Petunia hybrida; OsLsi1 gene could improve the abilities of plants＇ drought resistance and recover after drought stress, while OsLsi2 gene could reduce the above abilities. The order of the drought resistance ability of the three strains from strong to weak was OsLsi1〉CK〉OsLsi2; and silicon indeed improved the ability of drought resistance as well. All these results provided a new way to improve the drought resistance of Petunia, and laid a foundation to improve the ability of garden plants＇ drought resistance and water saving.
文摘【目的】深入了解植物干旱胁迫领域的研究现状、研究热点及未来发展趋势,对我国2018-2022年植物干旱胁迫研究进行文献计量和可视化分析。【方法】利用Citespace和VOSviewer软件,以2018-2022年发表在中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science(WOS)数据库的植物干旱胁迫研究文献为研究对象,分析我国2018-2022年干旱胁迫对植物生长、生理和基因表达的影响研究热点与趋势。【结果】国内干旱胁迫对植物影响的研究热点主要集中在“干旱胁迫对植物外在形态和叶片内部结构的影响”“干旱胁迫对植物光合特性的影响”“干旱胁迫对植物渗透调节物质和抗氧化酶的影响”及“干旱胁迫对植物基因表达的影响”4个方面。该领域研究重点主要包括干旱或干旱与盐复合胁迫对植物生理生化和抗旱基因的鉴定与转移。其中知网文献的关键词为“耐盐性”“苗期”和“抗旱鉴定”;WOS文献的关键词则是“抗坏血酸过氧化物酶”“水分利用”和“异位表达”。【结论】纳米材料在缓解植物干旱胁迫中的作用、多组学联合分析(基因组、转录组、蛋白组、代谢组)以及转基因、基因编辑、基因沉默等技术在提升植物抗旱性中的综合应用将成为未来研究热点。
文摘Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of the major oilseed crops, mainly grown in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. It is also rich in proteins, vitamins and ions, therefore it constitutes an important portion of food nutrition for people in these regions. The production of peanut is being threatened by the changing environments as the major peanut producing counties such as China, India, and USA are facing severe water shortage for peanut irrigation. The yield and quality of peanut are negatively affected by drought and salinity. Making peanut more droughtand salt-tolerant will likely sustain peanut production in countries where water shortage or saline soil are already problems. Efforts were made to genetically engineer peanut for higher tolerance to drought and salt. Analysis of these transgenic peanut plants indicated that the agronomic traits such as peanut yields were the same between wild-type and transgenic peanut plants under normal growth conditions, yet the yields of transgenic peanut plants were much higher than wild-type peanut plant under reduced irrigation conditions. Other traits such as protein content and fatty acid compositions in the seeds of transgenic peanut plants were not altered under both normal and drought conditions, indicating that the genetic manipulation of peanut for stress tolerance did not affect chemical compositions of peanut seeds in transgenic peanut plants, only increased seed yields under stress conditions.
