The “Valley Economy” Model of Regional Development: A Case Study of Mountain Areas in Beijing, Northern China

A case study is presented of a regional development model for valley economies in the mountain areas of Beijing, China. The nature and framework of the valley economy model are described and the development of the model, which is specific to the mountain areas of Beijing, is analyzed. Five different valley economy models applied in the Beijing mountain areas are compared. The major purpose of the valley economy model is to develop the regional economy, including the selection of appropriate industries, the allocation of industrial space, the establishment of supply chains and the integration of various industries. Pilot experiments using the valley economy model have been conducted in seven counties(districts) in Beijing: Pinggu, Huairou, Changping, Mentougou, and Fangshan districts, and Yanqing and Miyun counties. Five models for developing the Beijing mountain areas have been explored, including: creative cultural industries, characteristic industry clusters, the promotion of large tourist areas, natural scenic tourism and folk cultural tourism. Each model has its own unique features and potential to help in the regional development of mountain areas.

Land Use Changes of Valleys Based on Topographic Factors in Beijing Mountainous Regions of China

Land use changes in mountainous regions were greatly enhanced as the rapid development of economy due to the expanded population in developing countries. Acting geographically as the basic unit of mountainous regions, valleys are the primary sites of economic activities. Therefore optimization of land use policy in valleys is of critical important to the sustainable development in mountainous regions. On the basis of land use data in 1995 and 2012, this study explored the changes of land use according to the assessment of varied topographic factors （i.e., altitude and slope） in typical valleys of the Beijing mountainous regions, China. Our results showed that the valley is an efficiently geographical unit to evaluate land use changes in mountainous regions. We also found that major land use changes in mountainous regions of Beijing from 1995 to 2012 were the dramatic losses of grassland to the cultivated and construction lands, while most of these changes took place at the altitude of 0-400m and the slope of 6-15~. Considering the ever increasing economic development in Beijing mountainous regions, the increases of the construction and cultivated lands are inevitable, however, the great changes at a steeper slope imply the need to tailor land use structure coming into line with topographic factors, and suggesting ecological barriers and water conservation must be exercised in the developments of these areas.

Spatial structure of valley economic development in the mountainous areas in Beijing

Valley economy is a new mode in mountainous area development that is defined by various characters of valley development, and is a distinguishing economical geographic pattern for mountainous area development. The special spatial coupling relations in the distribution of different mountainous elements in valleys are new subjects for the mountain development studies, and such studies are meaningful both for researches and practices. Based on the long term researches on mountainous area development and following a brief exploration into the connotations and the spatial organizing process of valley economy, the authors analyzed the present situations of the development of valley economy in Beijing＇s mountainous areas, studied the characteristics and the impacts of the spatial structural changes of the valley economy in Beijing＇s mountainous areas, and finally proposed a rational arrangement of the spatial structure of the valley economy in Beijing＇s mountainous areas. It is considered in this study that valley economy plays an important role in the development and functional transformation in Beijing＇s mountainous areas in the new epoch. Firstly, valley economy is not outlined by the administrative boundaries, and it connects most of the villages in the mountainous areas roughly along the major transportation lines. Therefore, valley economy can exert positive influence on the development in the mountainous areas, at least in the aspects such as the rearrangement of industrial structure in the mountainous areas and the coordinated development of rural and urban areas. In addition, it is found that the valley economy in Beijing＇s mountainous areas is evolved in a spatial organizing stage of secondary concentration, which is characterized by resource-saving, ecological protection and industrial optimization. Therefore, the development of valley economy will be helpful to the coordination between ecological protection and economic development in the mountainous areas, and will promote the integrated development of the mountainous areas. The developing mode of the valley economy in Beijing＇s mountainous areas will provide the basis for the decision-making in the transformation of the functional roles of Beijing＇s mountainous areas, and on the other hand, will present experiences for the studies in the mountainous areas outside of Beijing.

The Major Challenges and Strategies for the Development of Green Economy in China's Mountain Regions Based on the Theory of Comparative Advantage

Based on the theory of comparative advantage,this paper analyzes the major challenges facing the development of green economy in China's mountain regions. The results show that in the development of green economy,the mountain regions have factor endowment and development conditions with comparative advantage,but they are also facing more challenges. In the future,the mountain regions need to make favorable development measures based on their own comparative advantages from the following four aspects: at the top design level,it is necessary to ensure green development through institutional innovation; at the regional level,it is necessary to lead green development through the differentiation strategy; at the industrial level,it is necessary to support green development through transformation and innovation; at the social level,it is necessary to focus on protecting vulnerable groups and give full play to the role of women to promote sharing of green development achievements.

Economic development and major guarantee projects in the region along the Yangtze River

The region along the Yangtze River is the major exploitation belt and a linkage of eastern and western parts of China. It plays an essential role in the national economic development. Since the implementation of the reform and open door policy, regional economy has got rapidly developed. In the process of development, the region also faces difficulties like energy shortage, backward transportation facilities, grain output reduction, and environmental deterioration. Countermeasures are put forward in the paper to cope with the difficulties.

Effects of altitude on county economic development in China

Mountain regions play an increasingly essential role in global sustainable development, and the related sustainable development issues have attracted increasing attention. There are obvious vertical spatial differentiation phenomena in both natural and socio-eeonomic fields with altitude being a key factor affecting the economic development of mountain regions. However, the exact influence of altitude is still unknown. Based on the county scale, this paper used the gravitational potential energy model to evaluate the effects of altitude on economic development in China. The results indicate that the high-altitude areas were the depression areas of county economic development, and county economic density showed a decreasing trend with the increase of altitude. County economic density respectively decreased by 0.10%, 0.04% and 0.02% with every 1% increase in altitude in 2000, 2005 and 2010. Here we demonstrate that high altitude has negative effect on county economy, although the negative effect presented a downward trend. The results also showed that increasing capital and labor investments could reduce the negative effect of high altitude on county economy. In 2010, with every 1% increase in capital and labor density, county economic density increased by 0.62% and 0.83%, respectively. The effects of altitude were the results of multidimensional factors. The fundamental approach to reduce the negative effects of high altitude is to combine the ecological environment and resources to develop characteristic industries. The construction of infrastructure should be strengthened, which can promote the occurrence of the contra-flow of people, logistics and capital, and promote the balanced development of county economy.

京津冀地区高质量发展水平综合评价与预警

京津冀协同发展战略提出以来,三地协同发展取得积极进展,但距目标要求还有很大差距。本文选取2010—2019年京津冀地区高质量发展指标数据,利用因子分析法对各地区及整体发展水平进行综合评价,基于综合得分对其预警,并运用灰色预测分析方法,借助MATLAB软件对未来5年京津冀地区高质量发展情况进行预测。研究发现,京津冀地区整体高质量发展综合得分情况较好,但各地区发展综合得分还有一定的提升空间,且地区间存在差异,这种不均衡的发展态势为三地区未来协同发展提出了新的挑战。

京津冀协同发展对产业结构升级的影响效应及作用机制

基于2005—2021年京津冀地区城市层面的面板数据,采用双重差分模型检验了京津冀协同发展战略的实施对京津冀地区产业结构升级的影响效应、作用机制及异质性表现。结果显示:京津冀协同发展战略的实施通过提升该地区城市融资水平和人力资本水平促进了京津冀地区城市产业结构的升级,且变换被解释变量、替换对照组、改变窗宽和添加遗漏变量等稳健性检验显示,该结论依然成立。拓展性分析发现,京津冀协同发展战略促进了河北省和天津市产业结构的升级,对北京市产业结构升级的效果不显著。针对河北省而言,其促进了河北省中部、南部地区产业结构的升级,但不利于东部地区产业结构的升级。京津冀协同发展战略的实施同时促进了该地区产业结构的整体升级和产业结构的高级化。随着创新水平的提升和数字经济发展实力的增强,京津冀协同发展战略对产业结构升级的促进作用会更加显著。

区域协调发展促进了就业扩容吗?——基于京津冀协同发展战略实施的准自然实验

就业是民生之本,是党和国家关心的民生头等大事,面对错综复杂的国内外经济形势,如何稳就业成为重中之重。本文选取2010-2022年沪深A股上市公司数据,研究京津冀协同发展战略的实施能否促进就业扩容及其作用机制。研究结果表明,京津冀协同发展战略的实施促进了就业扩容,且这一结论通过了一系列稳健性检验。机制分析结果显示,京津冀协同发展战略的实施能够加速企业成长、促进人口流动和推动数字经济建设,从而促进企业就业扩容。异质性分析结果显示,政策的实施效果在国有企业、人力资本水平较高地区和自然资源禀赋较低地区更为明显。对此,应继续推动京津冀协同发展战略的实施,优化相关政策举措;在继续保持对国有企业的支持外,也应重点激发非国有企业的活力;充实地区人力资本力量,推动京津冀协同发展战略的高效实施;针对地区自然资源禀赋的不同,实施差异化的财政支持政策。

京津冀海洋公共服务共建共享:逻辑、挑战与路径

海洋公共服务对于推进京津冀协同发展具有重要的应用价值。京津冀海洋公共服务共建共享的出场是理论逻辑、需求逻辑和价值逻辑的统一,海洋公共产品的非排他性提供了理论基础,三地海洋公共服务需求广阔且优势互补,其共建共享的推进可赋能京津冀高质量发展。目前,京津冀三地海洋公共服务共建共享存在发展认知差异、主体参与度低和跨域协同困难等现实挑战,需要从海洋公共服务的目标、主体、平台、方式和保障等方面探索可能的优化路径,确立共同愿景,优化多元供给,构建协同机制,促进规划、监督和评价一体化,推动人才、数据和科技整合。

港口物流与区域经济协同发展研究——以京津冀地区为例

港口物流与区域经济两者之间存在着一系列相互影响、相互作用的互动关系,研究两者的协同发展关系对于促进经济发展具有重要意义。以京津冀地区内的港口为研究对象,首先分析了国内外对港口物流与区域经济两者之间互动关系的经验和相关理论基础;其次利用灰色关联模型筛选出四大港口物流和区域经济的表征指标,构建复合系统协同度模型,对2004-2021年京津冀四大港口物流与区域经济之间的协同度进行定量分析;最后,提出促进京津冀港口物流与区域经济协同发展的对策建议。

文旅融合视域下京津冀夜间经济高质量发展研究

京津冀城市群重视通过发展文化消费和旅游休闲来放大夜间经济效应,形成了一批深受居民和游客喜爱的夜间文化和旅游项目、夜游街区、夜间经济集聚区等,不断促进国民经济发展,满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要。本文通过分析文旅融合背景下京津冀夜间经济发展的现状,剖析其面临的现实挑战,提出进一步推动京津冀夜间经济高质量发展的对策建议。研究建议从优化夜间经济空间布局、促进区域业态创新、推动文旅融合内容生产、提升城市夜间服务水平等方面入手释放文旅融合新动能。

北京山区沟域经济发展的空间组织模式

沟域经济是山区发展的新模式,基本涵盖了沟域发展的各个层面,是独具山区发展特色的经济地理形态。以沟域为载体的山区要素布局的空间耦合关系是山区发展的新命题,理论与现实意义重大。结合多年的山区发展研究,在初步探讨了沟域经济的内涵和空间组织过程的基础上,分析了北京山区沟域经济发展的现状,并对北京沟域经济发展的空间布局特征指向及其影响进行了研究,最后建立了沟域经济空间组织的合理模式框架。研究认为,沟域经济对北京山区新时期的发展转型作用重大,首先它不以行政区域界限为边界,基本串联了山区的大部分村庄,并与主要交通线走向重合,因此至少能在山区产业结构调整、城乡统筹发展等方面会对山区发展产生积极影响。其次,通过分析认为目前北京山区沟域经济发展正处于第二次集中型空间组织阶段,资源节约、环境友好、产业优化是这一阶段的特点,因此北京沟域经济的发展一定程度上有助于协调好山区生态保护与经济发展的关系,促进山区的综合开发。北京山区沟域经济发展模式的成功实践一方面支持了北京山区功能转型的战略决策,另一方面也为其他山区发展提供了借鉴和指导意义。

基于山区产业发展的北京沟域经济模式研究

"沟域经济"是北京山区近年来出现的一种新型发展模式。通过分析北京山区沟域经济发展的基础,探讨沟域经济的定义和特征,总结北京沟域经济发展的主要模式,最后针对北京山区沟域经济的制约因素,提出了进一步发展北京沟域经济的主要对策。

中国首都圈发展的三大战略

区域发展需要龙头 ,城市发展需要区域支撑 ,建设首都圈是中国南北经济格局协调、带动北京周边地区发展的需要 ,是首都北京可持续发展、建设成为世界城市的需要。根据首都圈的划分对首都圈关系进行了重构 ,提出首都圈内 4个新关系域 :知识经济域、旅游文化域、工业经济域、出海通道网络。为建设发展 4个新关系域 ,结合现实 ,提出首都圈发展的三大战略 :空间联系网络化战略、职能疏导战略、空间结构发展战略 ,具体包括网络化基础设施、网络化市场体系、劳动地域分工、双核都市圈、世界城市战略等。

北京沟域经济背景下山区生态旅游市场开发研究

近年来,山区沟域经济已经成为北京农村发展的新模式,实现了经济发展和生态保护双赢。北京山区县依托山区自然风光、人文遗迹、民俗文化和生态农业等资源,形成了以生态旅游业为龙头产业的经济形态。作为都市型现代农业发展的一种新形式,沟域经济在北京山区具有广阔的发展前景。笔者在分析北京沟域经济内涵和发展现状的基础上,从需求类型、需求动机、市场潜力等方面对北京山区生态旅游的市场需求进行了深入探讨,并从开发旅游产品、加大宣传力度、打开知名度等方面提出发展山区生态旅游的市场策略。

加快建设京张体育文化旅游带(笔谈)

完整、准确、全面地理解和贯彻习近平总书记有关京张体育文化旅游带的指示,需要把握好京张体育文化旅游带与京津冀协同发展、首都“两区”建设、体育强国和健康中国、文化强国等的关系。京张体育文化旅游带建设符合区域发展战略定位,京张体育文化旅游带建设必须直面现实问题和挑战,着力打造集体育、文化、旅游于一体的跨行业跨地域的综合性产业带。京张体育文化旅游带建设应以线带面,促进区域全面发展建设;应与乡村振兴战略有机衔接,城乡兼顾,协调推进;应侧重于大众化普及型的运动;应由两地共同谋划、共同参与、各尽优势、相互支持。京张体育文化旅游带跨不同行政区和地理单元,包括多个发展要素,涉及大量经济主体,这些要素和主体在各层次空间单元上关联耦合,形成了一个区域社会经济生态系统。加快建设京张体育文化旅游带建设,实现京张冬奥会场馆的可续利用,重点是需要实现场馆综合利用和培育市场化主体。京张体育文化旅游带建设要打破传统行政区管辖的传统管理机制,构建跨区域高效的协同管理和制度新机制,通过协调管理,优势互补,使京张体育文化旅游产业实现合作、联动、互惠。

浙江山区县域经济社会协调发展评价

山区是重要的地域类型,县域作为一个相对独立的区域,在制定发展战略、寻求经济增长途径时,必须处理好经济发展与社会进步的关系。为探究浙江山区县域社会经济协调状况,引入了协调发展度数学模型及计算方法。根据区域协调发展的内涵,构建评价县域社会和经济协调发展的指标体系,运用matlab 7.0编程对浙江山区2005-2012年经济与社会协调发展状况进行了定量分析,得到县域社会和经济综合指数、协调度、发展度和协调发展度。研究表明:浙江山区县域的社会、经济综合指数存在较大的差异,大多数县市经济发展明显滞后于社会发展。山区总体的协调水平较高,表现在绝对数值相差不大,所属类别相对集中,但大多县市是一种低水平的协调。根据协调发展度的大小,将浙江山区44个县域划分为3大类6亚类,3大类为协调发展类、亚协调发展类和失调类。最后提出山区县域社会和经济协调发展的相应对策。

京津冀地区水-经济-生态耦合协调发展特征评价

运用耦合协调度模型评价了2006—2019年京津冀地区水资源-经济社会-生态环境的耦合协调发展状态,并利用灰色关联法分析了影响京津冀地区耦合协调发展的主要因素。结果表明:2006—2019年京津冀地区水资源-经济社会-生态环境耦合协调发展水平总体呈上升趋势;京津冀地区和北京水资源系统持续滞后,天津水资源和生态环境系统交互滞后,河北处于经济社会系统滞后的状态;北京始终处于耦合协调发展最好水平,天津其次,河北耦合协调发展缓慢;水资源总量和地下水储变量是影响京津冀地区耦合协调度最重要的因素,人口变化情况次之。

北京山区发展现状与沟域经济发展研究

文章介绍了北京山区发展的现状,阐述了沟域经济的内涵,分析了北京山区沟域经济发展的成效与特征,并从创新沟域经济发展机制、推行沟域经济新型发展模式、加大对沟域经济发展的资金支持等方面开展了促进北京山区沟域经济发展的思考,认为沟域经济是一种新型山区发展模式,它开辟了生态友好型可持续发展道路。