Coupling coordinated development among digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment:A case study in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle,China

Coordinative development across various systems,particularly the economic,social,cultural,and human resources subsystems,is a key aspect of urban sustainability and has a direct impact on the quality of urbanization.The Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle,comprising Hangzhou City,Huzhou City,Jiaxing City,and Shaoxing City,was the first metropolitan circle approved by the National Development and Reform Commission(NDRC)as a demonstration of economic transformation in China.To evaluate the coupling coordination degree of the four cities and analyze the coordinative development in three systems(including digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment),we collected panel data during 2015–2022 from these four cities.The development level of the three systems was evaluated by the standard deviation method and comprehensive development index.The results are as follows:(1)the level of coupling coordinated development of the three systems in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle was relatively low;(2)the coupling coordination degree of the four cities in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle showed significant regional differences,among which Hangzhou City was in the leading position,and Huzhou,Jiaxing,and Shaoxing cities made steady but slow progress in the coupling development of the three systems;and(3)the development of digital economy and talent employment needs to be strengthened.This study contributes to the coordinative development of Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle by innovatively focusing on the coupling coordination relationship among digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment,which also meets the industrial layout of Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle.In this way,the optimal allocation and sustainable development of digital economy,regional innovation,and talent employment in the Hangzhou Metropolitan Circle can be achieved.

Empirical Study on Effect of Industrial Structure Change on Regional Economic Growth of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region

Based on the data of gross domestic product(GDP),industrial added value and the proportion of industrial employees from 2000 to 2008,this paper studies the effect of industrial structure change on the regional economic growth of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region in China using the shift-share method.The results show that:1) In the 21st century,the industrial output of three industries,namely,primary,secondary,and tertiary,and the GDP grew rapidly in the study period.The tertiary industry grew the fastest;it had the largest contribution to the GDP and mean-while had become the most competitive industry in the metropolitan region.2) The development of cities within the region was not balanced.Firstly,compared with Tianjin,Beijing,as one of the two core cities,was more rational in the industrial structure.Secondly,the surrounding eight cities,which are Shijiazhuang,Qinhuangdao,Tangshan,Langfang,Baoding,Cangzhou,Zhangjiakou,and Chengde,were all uncompetitive than the two core cities.3) There was a great industrial gradient in the region(especially between the two core cities and the cities of Tangshan,Baoding,Zhangjia-kou,Chengde,Cangzhou,and Langfang).As a result,it is foreseeable that the industry transfer in the Bei-jing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region will be one of the trends in regional development,and the industry transfer is inevitably to promote the regional integration.

Cassini Growth of Population Between Two Metropolitan Cities——A Case Study of Beijing-Tianjin Region,China

The existing models of population distribution often focus on the region with a single city or even multiple centers, and lack the detailed explorations of the common and special type of urbanization areas with two centers. Taking Beijing-Tianjin region of China, which is a distinct dual-nuclei metropolitan area in the world, as an example and choosing Landsat-5 TM image in 2005, population, etc. as the data, this paper devotes to comprehending and illustrating a model of Cassini growth of population between the two metropolitan cities through the research of spatial population distribution pattern, aided with RS and GIS techniques. Main technical processes include Kriging interpolation of the population data and character simulation of the Cassini ovals. According to the calculation of a/b, a key characteristic index of Cassini growth model, the spatial structures of population distribution were given. When a/b〈 1, it is a curve with two separated loops with a population density more than 3000 persons/km^2. When a/b=1, it is a lemniscate curve with a population density about 3000 persons/km^2. When 1〈a/b〈 √2, it is a dog-bone shaped concave curve with a population density between 500-3000 persons/km^2. When a/b= √2, it is an oblate curve with a population density about 500 persons/km^2. When a/b〉 √2, there is an oval-shaped convex curve with a population density less than 500 persons/km^2. The results show that owing to the combined action and influence of the regional dual-nuclei, the population distribution of Beijing-Tianjin region is in accord with Cassini model significantly. Therefore, there is Cassini growth of population between the two metropolitan cities in Beijing-Tianjin region. In addition, the process of Cassini growth has extraordinarily instructive significance for judging the development stages of the dual-nuclei metropolitan areas.

Spheres of Urban Influence and Factors in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region Based on Viewpoint of Administrative Division Adjustment

The coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei has been elevated as China's important strategy. And, the priority in considering how to bring the maximum effect of their coordinated development into play is to delineate the spheres of urban influence with regard to the cities in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region. By building an evaluation index system of urban comprehensive strength, this paper applies the principal component analysis method to determine centrality strength of the cities, and the breakpoint theory and weighted Voronoi diagram to identify the spheres of urban influence in all central cities of the region. Results show that 13 central cities within the region greatly differ in strength, which can be classified into four tiers and that the spheres of urban influence do not have a high goodness of fit with administrative jurisdiction scope. Cities like Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang and Handan have larger spheres of urban, spheres of urban influence in Tangshan and Qinhuangdao are basically consistent with their administrative jurisdiction scopes, and seven cities including Langfang and Baoding have smaller spheres of urban influence. So according to these cities' comprehensive strength and spheres of influence, the region can be divided into five plates: Beijing, Tianjin, Shijiazhuang, Tangshan and Handan. The major influence factors for inconsistency between spheres of urban influence and spheres of jurisdiction include difference in urban administrative ranking, small number of central cities with weak strength, discrepancy in the number of counties under jurisdiction, unreasonable spheres of jurisdiction and diversity in topographical conditions. In order to solve the imbalance in the spheres of urban influence and those of jurisdiction and better facilitate the coordinated development of the region, it is advised to adjust administrative areas so as to obtain more optimized urban spatial layout and more reasonable urban scale hierarchy system.

Approach to Delimiting Metropolitan Regions' Boundary and Grading Urban Hierarchy Within a Metropolitan Region——A Case Study of Shanghai Metropolitan Region

In metropolitan regions, the change in the strength of "flows" between a core city and surrounding cities re-flects the range of the core city's influence, while the gravity between core city and other cities reflects the strength of potential relation between them. This article firstly attempts to delimit the boundary of metropolitan regions with the two dimensions measure combining "flows" and gravitation. The former is measured through the flow of people be-tween the core city and surrounding cities, and the latter is measured through both population and gross domestic products (GDP) of the core city and surrounding cities. The hierarchy of the cities within a metropolitan region is classified in order to emphasize the roles of the cities belonging to the metropolitan regions, different from the general way through population scale and administrative level, and is typical in China. This paper uses the Shanghai metropolitan region as a research case, determining boundary of this metropolitan region clearly and classifying hierarchy of the cities within the region. The final results are significantly different to previous work, even overthrowing the traditional system of urban hierarchy partly. It is helpful to highlight the function of cities in organizing the regional economy, the level structure of metropolitan regions, and each city's relative importance in a metropolitan region, which can be taken as scientific basis for planning integrated regions or urban systems.

Spatial Structure and Land Use Control in Extended Metropolitan Region of Zhujiang River Delta,China

The Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta is one of the most developed Extended Metropolitan Regions (EMR) in China.With the rapid urbanization,the agglomeration of population and industries has emerged,which has led to dramatic changes of spatial structure and land use in this region.With data of high resolution TM remote sensing images and Google Earth maps,this paper identified and analyzed the spatial pattern of the Zhujiang River Delta EMR using Envy and ArcGIS tools.It was found that 1) the industrial land uses were expanding substantially,particularly on the bank sides of the Zhujiang River estuary;2) large-scale housing developments were concentrated in the fringe of metropolitan areas such as those of Guangzhou and Shenzhen;3) a regional transportation network with the spatial pattern of ″1 circle +2 pieces + 3 axes″ had significantly affected the location choice of manufacture enterprises.At the same time,both highly specialized land use and severely mixed land use patterns were identified.As a consequence of the latter,land use efficiency of the whole EMR areas was reduced.Moreover,ecologic and environmental problems were severe.Based on the above analysis,suggestions were given from the viewpoint of spatial safety,land use efficiency,and the reorganization of spatial structure in the Zhujiang River Delta EMR.

Useful Precursor Weather Conditions for Hail-Event Forecasting in the Beijing-Tianjin Region

Hail is one of the important weather disasters that affects the Beijing-Tianjin(BT) region.To better understand and to improve the forecasting of hail events over the BT region,the precursor weather conditions for hail based on 30 previous hail events were derived.It was found that the high-level trough and low-level cold front over the Mongolian region,the accumulated convective available potential energy,the decrease of the height of the 0℃-isotherm in the morning,and the persistence and intensification of these factors from morning to afternoon are valuable clues for forecasting the occurrence of hail events over the BT region.

Monitoring of Temporal and Spatial Changes of Land Use and Land Cover in Metropolitan Regions through Remote Sensing and GIS

The use of remote sensing techniques and subsequent analysis by means of geographical information system (GIS) offers an effective method for monitoring temporal and spatial changes of landscapes. This work studies the urbanization processes and associated threats to natural ecosystems and resources in the metropolitan areas of Berlin and Erlangen-Fürth-Nürnber?Schwabach (EFNS). To compute the land use/cover (LULC) of the study areas, a supervised classification of “maximum likelihood” using Landsat data for the years of 1972, 1985, 1998, 2003, and 2015 is used. Results show that the built-up area is the dominant land use in both regions throughout the study period. This land use has increased at the expense of green and open areas in EFNS and at the expense of agricultural land in Berlin. Likewise, 5% of forest in EFNS is replaced with urban infrastructure. However, the amount of forest in Berlin increased by 3%. While EFNS experienced relatively big changes in its water bodies from 1972 to 1985, changes in water bodies in Berlin were rather slight during the last 40 years. The overall accuracy of our remotely sensed LULC maps was between 88% and 94% in Berlin and between 85.87% and 87.4% for EFNS. The combination of remote sensing and GIS appears to be an indispensable tool for monitoring changes in LULC in urban areas and help improving LU planning to avoid environmental and ecological problems.

Did Ecological Engineering Projects Have a Significant Effect on Large-scale Vegetation Restoration in Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region, China？ A Remote Sensing Approach

Aiming for the restoration of degraded ecosystems, many ecological engineering projects have been implemented around the world. This study investigates the ecological engineering project effectiveness on vegetation restoration in the Beijing-Tianjin Sand Source Region(BTSSR) from 2000 to 2010 based on the rain use efficiency(RUE) trend in relation to the land cover. More than half of the BTSSR experienced a vegetation productivity increase from 2000 to 2010, with the increasing intensity being sensitive to the indicators chosen. A clear tendency towards smaller increasing areas was shown when using the net primary productivity(NPP, 51.30%) instead of the accumulated normalized difference vegetation index(59.30%). The short-term variation in the precipitation and intra-seasonal precipitation distribution had a great impact on the remote sensing-based vegetation productivity. However, the residual trends method(RESTREND) effectively eliminated this correlation, while incorporating the variance and skewness of the precipitation distribution increased the models′ ability to explain the vegetation productivity variation. The RUE combined with land cover dynamics was valid for the effectiveness assessment of the ecological engineering projects on vegetation restoration. Particularly, the result based on growing season accumulated normalized difference vegetation index(ΣNDVI) residuals was the most effective, showing that 47.39% of the BTSSR experienced vegetation restoration from 2000 to 2010. The effectiveness of the ecological engineering projects differed for each subarea and was proportional to the strength of ecological engineering. The water erosion region dominated by woodland showed the best restoration, followed by the wind-water erosion crisscross regions, while the wind erosion regions dominated by grassland showed the worst effect. Seriously degraded regions still cover more area in the BTSSR than restored regions. Therefore, more future effort should be put in restoring degraded land.

Response of Vegetation Cover Change to Drought at Different Time-scales in the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Region,China

Dominated by an arid and semiarid continental climate,the Beijing-Tianjin Sandstorm Source Region(BTSSR)is a typical ecologically fragile region with frequently occurring droughts.To provide information for regional vegetation protection and drought prevention,we assessed the relations between vegetation cover change(measured by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,NDVI)and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)at different time-scales,in different growth stages,in different subregions and for different vegetation types based on the Pearson's correlation coefficient in the BTSSR from 2000 to 2017.Results showed that 88.19%of the vegetated areas experienced increased NDVI in the growing season;48.3%of the vegetated areas experi-enced significantly increased NDVI(P<0.05)and were mainly in the south of the BTSSR.During the growing season,a wetter climate contributed to the increased vegetation cover from 2000 to 2017,and NDVI anomalies were closely related to SPEI.The maximum correlation coefficient in the growing season(Rmax)was significantly positive(P<0.05)in 97.84%of the total vegetated areas.In the vegetated areas with significantly positive Rmax,pixels with short time-scales(1-3 mon)accounted for the largest proportion(33.9%).The sensitivity of vegetation to the impact of drought rose first and then decreased in the growing season,with a peak in July.Compared with two subregions in the south,subregions in the north of the BTSSR were more sensitive to the impacts of drought variations,especially in the Xilingol Plateau and Wuzhumuqin Basin.All four major vegetation types were sensitive to the effects of drought variations,especially grasslands.The time-scales of the most impacting droughts varied with growth stages,regions,and vegetation types.These results can help us understand the relations between vegetation and droughts,which are important for ecological restoration and drought prevention.

苏锡常都市圈高职教育赋能区域新质生产力发展研究

新质生产力具有产品服务新、技术新、要素新、业态新的特征,是增量促发展的经济“助推器”。发展新质生产力,人才必不可少,苏锡常都市圈有35所高职院校,有8所国家级高水平学校建设单位,江苏省中国特色高水平高职学校12所,每个学校各有特色。文章通过分析研究,对苏锡常都市圈高职教育赋能区域新质生产力发展提出对策建议。

都市圈市域(郊)铁路创新发展策略研究

市域(郊)铁路是建设“轨道上的都市圈”、支撑都市圈高质量发展的重要抓手。目前,我国市域(郊)铁路建设已进入加速发展的机遇期。在此背景下,文章梳理总结国外都市圈市域(郊)铁路发展经验及特征,剖析我国都市圈市域(郊)铁路发展现状及问题,并从理念创新、机制创新、建设创新及运管创新4个方面提出都市圈市域(郊)铁路创新发展策略建议,以期为促进其高质量、可持续发展提供参考和借鉴。

长株潭绿心地区产业绿色转型发展策略

长株潭绿心地区是绿色转型发展的重要战略地区,其转型发展是一个系统性整体,发展模式具有复杂的多元属性,需要因地制宜差异化选择绿心转型发展途径。长株潭绿心依托系列上位规划有序推进产业转型发展,初步形成了绿色产业发展基础。针对现存的区域协调联动不足、产业发展机制薄弱、产业项目落地难等问题,研究探索多主体、多空间、多内容的整体性转型路径:以保值增值为根本遵循,推进实现绿心生态增值、服务增值、资产增值及生活品质增值,打造可持续的绿心地区“4+N”的绿色低碳产业生态圈;建立更具包容度和功能适应弹性的弹性空间管控机制,优化形成绿心地区绿色产业发展名录,确保产业清单的协同性;通过统筹横向和纵向两大产业融合维度,发挥一三产业融合发展的乘数效应,推动空间生态产业绿色化;构建嵌入式链接发展和飞地式链接发展的创新网络,提升绿心创新竞争力,支撑区域产业经济生态化。总体通过建立更深层次的区域合作机制,保障绿心地区产业升级转型,推动长株潭绿心地区绿色转型发展。

东京都市圈地方大学与区域协同发展的路径及其启示

有别于顶尖研究型大学发展战略的国际化、全球化取向,东京都市圈域内的地方大学凭借地理位置和生源本土化优势成为引领所在区域发展的中坚力量,其发展模式包含日本学者所界定的大学—区域新型协同发展的4种类型,即交流型、价值发展型、课题解决型和知识共有型。在地方人口过疏危机和地方大学区域影响力提高等客观因素的助推下,得益于日本全国性地方创生政策的升级迭代,东京都市圈区域内远离“都心”的地区逐渐形成大学与区域良性协同发展的态势。地方大学在区域(知识)据点大学地方创生推进项目的牵引下逐渐形成充分关照地方人才培养与就业、注重公共服务的发展路径。该模式或可为中国进一步推进地方大学与区域协同发展提供有益的启示。

都市圈发展与新城建设中的城市交通机遇与挑战——中国城市交通发展论坛第36次研讨会

打造更高质量、更具竞争力的大都市圈,是国内外城市区域化发展的共同战略。新城的建设和发展成为都市圈治理的产物,是完善城镇化发展战略的重要决策,是落实城市总体规划、提升城市功能、优化发展布局的必然要求。中国城市交通发展论坛于2024年5月23日在上海市举办了2024年第2次(总第36次)常规研讨会,主题为“都市圈发展与新城建设中的城市交通机遇与挑战”。与会嘉宾围绕如何满足都市圈通勤交通功能、控制城市交通极端通勤、都市圈一体化发展中高快速路与市域(郊)铁路的功能定位与协同、节点型新城综合交通体系构建的难点与特殊性、新城发展如何应对都市圈交通与本地交通的空间及功能叠合等议题展开研讨。本次论坛由中国城市交通发展论坛组委会主办,同济大学城市交通研究院、上海市城市规划设计研究院、上海市城乡建设和交通发展研究院、上海市城市建设设计研究总院(集团)有限公司联合承办。

京津冀协同创新政策:演进历程、阶段特征与趋势展望

基于政策年均发布量、政策类别、政策词频等多角度分析,2000年至今京津冀协同创新政策总体呈增长趋势;政策工具包含供给型、环境型和需求型三类;政策文本类型多样,包括意见、通知等。经过长期探索,京津冀协同创新政策的内容关注点由局部转向全局,由地方转向区域协同,由企业、产业创新逐渐转向科技创新、信息化服务等纵深领域,呈现出渐进式发展、跃迁式提升的过程。区域协同创新政策表现为以区域协同规划为统领、以科技创新和产学研创新为着力点、以系统创新为支撑、以重点领域创新为突破点的全方位、有重点的政策体系。未来应继续优化区域协同创新软环境的建设,着力解决协同创新中的知识产权等重点问题,及时梳理相关发展经验,加强人才体系建设等。

区域协同治理与契约协同型规划——都市圈治理体系重构与规划理念变革

以都市圈为单元统筹中心城市与周边地区的同城发展与区域治理,逐渐成为中央与地方、政府与市场的共识与突破口。在总结早期都市圈规划实践和借鉴区域协同治理国际经验基础上,基于区域治理体系重构的制度场域视角,探讨新时期都市圈的规划与治理问题。研究提出推动都市圈治理从区域联盟治理走向区域协同治理,在治理主体、执行机构、治理机制、治理目标、治理效力等方面,实现区域治理体系的重构与强化;而都市圈规划理念需要从早期的有限协商型规划,转向新时期的契约协同型规划,从规划定位、规划主体、规划重点和规划实施等4个方面加以变革,以适应建设现代化都市圈和探索区域协同治理体系的需要。

产教融合视域下苏锡常都市圈高职教育与区域经济协同发展研究

产教融合是高职教育与经济发展有力的连接纽带,高职教育为经济发展提供人才资源、科技创新资源等,经济发展为高职教育的发展提供现实要求,同时随着区域一体化经济的发展,研究高职教育与区域经济的协同发展具有一定的现实意义。苏锡常都市圈作为发达地区之一,经济发展带有其明显特征,分析了苏锡常都市圈经济发展与当地高职教育发展的特征,提出了二者在协同发展过程中存在的一些问题,并探索了在产教融合视域下加强二者协同发展的方法。

不同空间尺度下南京都市圈区域生态用地景观格局演变分析

随着城镇化进程的不断推进,都市圈已经成为我国城镇化发展格局的主体形态之一。区域生态用地对维护都市圈生态系统安全具有重要作用,开展多尺度景观格局分析有利于把握快速城镇化背景下都市圈区域生态用地景观格局的演变特征和规律。本研究以南京都市圈为例,基于2000—2020年Landsat影像数据,综合使用动态度、土地利用转移矩阵、景观格局指数等方法,分析都市圈、城市、区县3个尺度下区域生态用地景观格局。结果显示:(1)近20年间南京都市圈区域生态用地总体规模呈“急剧下降”到“逐渐增加”的趋势,其变化具有明显的转入和转出双向特征;水域和草地景观格局趋于破碎化,林地景观优势度提升。(2)城市尺度下各城市区域生态用地规模在时间上的变化特征与都市圈基本一致,但在景观格局变化上具有差异,其中宣城区域生态用地景观格局逐渐优化,而淮安、马鞍山、芜湖则破碎化程度增加。(3)区县尺度下约半数以上区县的区域生态用地的规模下降且景观破碎化增大,其中盱眙县、郎溪县和广德市加剧明显。研究结果表明:多尺度分析不仅有助于深入全面了解都市圈区域生态用地格局演变特征,还有利于制定满足不同空间层次且兼顾差异性的生态保护策略。

基于PMC指数模型的上海大都市圈垃圾分类政策研究

在区域一体化发展趋势下,城市之间垃圾分类的协同推进是值得研究和关注的方向。以上海大都市圈“1+8”城市群为例,从区域一体化的空间维度,开展垃圾分类政策效力评价,为区域一体化垃圾分类提供参考。首先采用文本挖掘技术,通过政策文本高频词抓取和共现语义网络分析,对2016-2022年发布的63项垃圾分类政策进行量化文本分析。在此基础上,利用PMC指数模型对垃圾分类政策进行量化评价,政策在全面性、协同性、操作性、前瞻性等方面可以进一步完善优化。