Incorporation of Mg-phenolic networks as a protective coating for magnesium alloy to enhance corrosion resistance and osteogenesis in vivo

Magnesium(Mg) and its alloys have been intensively studied to develop the next generation of bone implants recently, but their clinical application is restricted by rapid degradation and unsatisfied osteogenic effect in vivo. A bioactive chemical conversion Mg-phenolic networks complex coating(e EGCG) was stepwise incorporated by epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) and exogenous Mg^(2+)on Mg-2Zn magnesium alloy. Simplex EGCG induced chemical conversion coating(c EGCG) was set as compare group. The in vitro corrosion behavior of Mg-2Zn alloy, c EGCG and e EGCG was evaluated in SBF using electrochemical(PDP, EIS) and immersion test. The cytocompatibility was investigated with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(r BMSCs). Furthermore, the in vivo tests using a rabbit model involved micro computed tomography(Micro-CT) analysis, histological observation, and interface analysis. The results showed that the e EGCG is Mgphenolic multilayer coating incorporated Mg-phenolic networks, which is rougher, more compact and much thicker than c EGCG. The e EGCG highly improved the corrosion resistance of Mg-2Zn alloy, combined with its lower average hemolytic ratios, continuous high scavenging effect ability and relatively moderate contact angle features, resulting in a stable and suitable biological environment, obviously promoted r BMSCs adhesion and proliferation. More importantly, Micro-CT, histological and interface elements distribution evaluations all revealed that the e EGCG effectively inhibited degradation and enhanced bone tissue formation of Mg alloy implants. This study puts forward a promising bioactive chemical conversion coating with Mg-phenolic networks for the application of biodegradable orthopedic implants.

Sealing Effect of KAl(SO_(4))_(2)Solution on the Corrosion Resistance of Anodized Aluminum Alloy

The 2024 anodized aluminum alloy film was sealed by KAl(SO_(4))_(2)solution and the effect of sealing on corrosion resistance was investigated by means of potentiodynamic polarization curves,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The experimental results show that the optimal parameters for KAl(SO_(4))_(2)sealing are 35℃,with the pH value of 8,the concentration of 8 g/L,and the sealing time of 3 min.The corrosion resistance of the KAl(SO_(4))_(2)sealed sample can be significantly improved than that of unsealed one,and is obviously superior to that of the conventional hydrothermal sealed sample.Furthermore,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy demonstrates that more Al(OH)_(3)will be formed in the process of KAl(SO_(4))_(2)sealing,which will shrink the diameter of the microporous and therefore results in the excellent corrosion resistance.

Influence of CeO_2 on Corrosion Resistance of Laser Alloyed M_（80）S_（20） Alloy Layer

On the basis of previous work,the influence of CeO_2 on the corrosion resistance of laser-alloyed M_(80)S_(20),where M signified a metallic content,predominantly iron,and S represents a metalloid content specifically boron,silicon,and carbon,was further studied by comparative electrochemical test using optical microscope,scanning electron microscope,potentiostat and a X-Y recorder in this paper.The results shown that the addition of CeO_2 can improve the corrosion resistance of laser-alloyed M80S20 alloy layer significantly.

CO_(2)地质利用与封存环境下钢材腐蚀行为与腐蚀控制措施研究进展

CO_(2)地质利用与封存(CO_(2) geological utilization and storage,CGUS)是实现“碳中和”目标的重要技术手段,解决CGUS过程中的钢材腐蚀问题对于降低CGUS技术风险、实现CGUS技术规模化推广应用至关重要。综述了目前已经提出的CO_(2)腐蚀钢材反应机制,总结了CO_(2)腐蚀钢材的主要影响因素,阐明了CO_(2)分压、温度、矿化度及pH值、CO_(2)封存环境中含有杂质、流体流动等因素对钢材腐蚀行为的影响,归纳了适用于CO_(2)腐蚀钢材防护的主要措施。基于此,提出了CGUS环境下钢材遭受CO_(2)腐蚀问题的重点研究方向。主要包括:CO_(2)腐蚀钢材反应机制的进一步探究;各项环境因素耦合作用影响CO_(2)腐蚀规律和腐蚀程度的量化研究;高浓度CO_(2)条件下腐蚀防护技术的开发与应用。

Influence of tool rotational speed on mechanical and corrosion behaviour of friction stir processed AZ31/Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposite

Nano-sized reinforcements improved the mechanical characteristics efficiently by promoting more implicit particle hardening mechanisms compared to micron-sized reinforcements.Nano-sized particles lessen the critical particle solidification velocity for swamp and thus offers better dispersal.In the present investigation,the friction stir processing(FSP)is utilized to produce AZ31/Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites at various tool rotation speeds(i.e.,900,1200,and 1500 rpm)with an optimized 1.5%volume alumina(Al_(2)O_(3))reinforcement ratio.The mechanical and corrosion behavior of AZ31/Al_(2)O_(3)-developed nanocomposites was investigated and compared with that of the AZ31 base alloy.The AZ31 alloy experienced a comprehensive dynamic recrystallization during FSP,causing substantial grain refinement.Grain-size strengthening is the primary factor contributed to the enhancement in the strength of the fabricated nanocomposite.Tensile strength and yield strength values were lower than those for the base metal matrix,although an upward trend in both values has been observed with an increase in tool rotation speed.An 19.72%increase in hardness along with superior corrosion resistance was achieved compared to the base alloy at a tool rotational speed of 1500 rpm.The corrosion currents(Jcorr)of all samples dropped with increase in the rotational speed,in contrast to the corrosion potentials(Ecorr),which increased.The values of Jcorr of AZ31/Al_(2)O_(3)were 42.3%,56.8%,and 65.5%lower than those of AZ31 alloy at the chosen rotating speeds of 900,1200,and 1500 rpm,respectively.The corrosion behavior of friction stir processed nanocomposites have been addressed in this manuscript which has not been given sufficient attention in the existing literature.Further,this work offers an effective choice for the quality assurance of the FSP process of AZ31/Al_(2)O_(3)nanocomposites.The obtained results are relevant to the development of lightweight automobile and aerospace structures and components.

镁合金表面TiO_(2)二维薄膜的制备及其耐腐蚀性能研究

由于镁是一种较为活泼的金属,容易被氧化,且生成的氧化膜不具备保护性,这会进一步加快镁的腐蚀速率。通过在镁合金表面制备一层保护膜来阻断其与腐蚀物质的接触,从而增强镁合金的耐腐蚀性。首先根据已有文献制备TiO_(2)胶体,然后利用电泳沉积法,以镁合金基样为阳极,在其表面制备TiO_(2)薄膜,电泳液为上述TiO_(2)胶体,并探究了制备过程中的各项实验参数(不同电泳时间和不同沉积时间)对样品的影响。采取XRD、SEM等测试方法对制备的TiO_(2)薄膜进行分析,并进一步测试样品的极化曲线并做出分析。通过一系列参数优化可知,最优参数为电泳电压20 V,沉积时间90 s,此时制备的TiO_(2)薄膜的腐蚀电位最正,为-1.26 V,同时腐蚀电流密度也最低,为4.21×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)。

FN-2合金及其在催化裂化装置波纹管中的应用

概述了耐高温、耐腐蚀的FN 2合金的基本性能及实际应用情况 ,认为FN 2合金是替代 18 8型奥氏体不锈钢用来制造波纹管的理想材料 ,可有效地防止波纹管的腐蚀破坏。

铜锌合金表面CeO_(2)颗粒掺杂微弧氧化复合膜层的制备及性能分析

目的提高铜锌合金的耐蚀性,对黄铜表面进行颗粒掺杂微弧氧化(MAO),研究纳米颗粒CeO_(2)对复合膜层性能的影响。方法以Na_(2)SiO_(3)·9H_(2)O、NaOH的混合溶液作为电解液,对铜锌合金进行微弧氧化,以膜层厚度和自腐蚀电流密度为评价指标,对氧化时间、正向电压、反向电压、占空比进行正交试验和极差分析,得到最佳微弧氧化电参数。将CeO_(2)添加到混合电解液中,以制备颗粒掺杂微弧氧化复合膜层。通过SEM、EDS、XRD、动电位极化曲线和电化学交流阻抗测试等手段,研究CeO_(2)纳米颗粒对膜层表面、横截面的微观形貌和成分组成及膜层表面的物相结构和耐蚀性能的影响。结果以自腐蚀电流密度为主要评价指标,兼顾膜层厚度,通过正交试验和极差分析,得到了铜锌合金微弧氧化最佳电参数组合,氧化时间为80 min,占空比为20%,正向电压为550 V,反向电压为5 V。未添加CeO_(2)的黄铜试件,微弧氧化膜层表面存在粗糙多孔的结构;掺杂纳米颗粒CeO_(2)后,复合膜层表面变得更为平整,表面粗糙度Ra值从3.883μm降至3.331μm,孔隙率也由颗粒掺杂前的35.11%降至32.98%。随着CeO_(2)颗粒的掺杂,膜层表面的C、O、Si、Ce元素增加,Cu、Zn元素下降,膜层表面的物相主要由CuO、ZnO、CeO_(2)和SiO_(2)组成。纳米颗粒CeO_(2)掺杂前后,膜层均与黄铜基体结合紧密,无明显裂缝。沿着膜层表面向基体方向,Cu和Zn元素含量短暂上升后保持平稳,而O和Si元素含量变化情况为先增加、后减小至消失。颗粒掺杂前,MAO膜层的自腐蚀电流密度J_(corr)为8.095×10^(-4)A/cm^(2),掺杂纳米颗粒CeO_(2)后,J_(corr)为7.402×10^(-5)A/cm^(2)。两者与黄铜基体的J_(corr)(1.236×10^(-2)A/cm^(2))相比,分别下降了2、3个数量级。结论对铜锌合金进行微弧氧化可以在合金表面制得多孔且有良好耐蚀性的陶瓷膜层。纳米颗粒CeO_(2)的掺杂,能够有效改善铜锌合金微弧氧化膜层的多孔结构,降低孔隙率,阻碍外界腐蚀离子的侵入,增强膜层的耐腐蚀性能。

ZrO_(2)纳米颗粒含量对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜耐蚀性的影响

为了提高AZ91D镁合金的耐蚀性能,利用单极性脉冲电源制备具有不同ZrO_(2)纳米颗粒含量的微弧氧化膜层,研究纳米ZrO_(2)颗粒对AZ91D镁合金微弧氧化膜层耐蚀性的影响。采用扫描电子显微镜观察复合膜层的表面及截面形貌;同时利用X射线衍射仪分析不同ZrO_(2)纳米颗粒含量的膜层中的相组成;测试样品的电化学腐蚀性能。结果表明:当电解液中加入1 g/L ZrO_(2)颗粒时,纳米ZrO_(2)颗粒能够渗入微弧氧化膜层之中,封闭膜中原有的微孔和微裂纹等缺陷,膜层表面质量较好;随着电解液中ZrO_(2)颗粒含量由2 g/L增加到3 g/L时,膜层的裂纹明显增多,导致腐蚀介质容易进入膜层发生腐蚀,耐蚀性能下降;在电解液中添加纳米ZrO_(2)颗粒时,1~3 g/L范围内添加1 g/L ZrO_(2)纳米颗粒的微弧氧化膜层的耐蚀性能最好。

Laser Cladding Al-Si/Al_2O_3-TiO_2 Composite Coatings on AZ31B Magnesium Alloy

To improve the wear resistance and corrosion resistance of magnesium alloys, a 5 kW continuous wave CO2 laser was used to investigate the laser surface cladding on AZ31 B magnesium alloys with Al-Si/Al2O3-TiO2 composite powders. A detailed microstructure, chemical composition, and phase analysis of the composite coatings were studied by scanning electron microscopy （SEM）, energy dispersive spectroscopy （EDS）, and X-ray diffraction （XRD）. The laser cladding shows good metallurgical bonding with the substrate. The composite coatings are composed of Mgl7Al12, Al3Mg2, Mg2Si, Al2O3, and TiO2 phases. Compared to the average microhardness （50HV0.05） of the AZ3 1 B substrate, that of the composite coatings （230HV0.05） is improved significantly. The wear resistances of the surface layers were evaluated in detail. The results demonstrate that the wear resistances of the laser surface-modified samples are considerably improved compared to the substrate. It also show that the composite coatings exhibit better corrosion resistance than that of the substrate in 3.5wt% NaCI solution.

2系铝合金三价铬钝化法研究进展

2系铝合金广泛应用于航空、交通等领域,但存在耐蚀性较差的问题,目前最具潜力的表面处理方式是三价铬钝化法。本文介绍了2系铝合金的结构特性与腐蚀机理,讨论了三价铬钝化工艺的研究进展和不同处理工序中操作因素对钝化膜的影响,并分析了三价铬钝化膜的特性及形成机理。指出目前三价铬钝化法存在的问题,展望其在铝合金领域的应用前景和发展方向。

波纹管新材料FN—2合金

叙述了耐高温耐腐蚀的ＦＮ—２合金的各项性能及工业应用情况，认为ＦＮ—２合金是替代１８－８型奥氏体不锈铜制造波纹管以防止腐蚀破坏的理想材料。

TiO_(2)⁃PTFE对6063铝合金微弧氧化膜层的影响

为了探究TiO_(2)和聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)对6063铝合金微弧氧化膜层的影响,在Na_(2)SiO_(3)基础电解液中添加TiO_(2)和PTFE固体纳米微粒,采用微弧氧化技术(MAO)在6063铝合金上制备了微弧氧化复合膜层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、摩擦磨损试验机以及电化学工作站研究了微弧氧化陶瓷膜层的形貌、相组成、元素分布以及耐磨性和耐蚀性。结果表明:加入4 g/L TiO_(2)和10 mg/L PTFE制成复合添加剂制备的复合膜层其表面孔径尺寸明显降低,膜层厚度增加,结构致密;摩擦系数由0.9降到0.5,耐磨性最好;电化学试验测得复合膜层的自腐蚀电位最大,为-0.18 V;自腐蚀电流密度最小,为1.09×10^(-8)A/cm^(2)。

超高频脉冲电流作用下纳米Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒对Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金微弧氧化涂层的影响

目的进一步提高Mg-Gd-Y-Zr合金微弧氧化涂层的耐腐蚀性能。方法采用超高频微弧氧化技术在含有Al_(2)O_(3)纳米颗粒的溶液中制备了微弧氧化涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)对微弧氧化涂层的表面形貌、截面形貌、成分和晶体结构进行分析。利用极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)测试了涂层的耐腐蚀性能。结果频率由0.5 kHz提升至20 kHz后,涂层表面放电孔洞面积由0.07~24.4μm^(2)降低至0.08~6.3μm^(2),涂层的孔隙率由6.47%减小至3.35%。Al_(2)O_(3)纳米颗粒的添加使超高频涂层表面形成大量自封闭孔洞结构,进而进一步降低了涂层表面的孔径面积(0.1~4.63μm^(2))和孔隙率(0.97%)。极化试验表明,提高频率至20 kHz,涂层的自腐蚀电流密度由4.7×10^(-6)A/cm^(2)降低至4.7×10^(-7)A/cm^(2),添加Al_(2)O_(3)纳米颗粒,涂层的自腐蚀电流密度进一步降低至1.7×10^(-7)A/cm^(2),表明其耐蚀性能显著提高。阻抗谱显示,20 kHz-Al涂层具有最大的阻抗,说明该工艺可有效提高微弧氧化涂层的耐蚀性能。结论超高频可有效降低放电孔洞尺寸,提高微弧氧化涂层的致密性,改善涂层的耐腐蚀性能。超高频与Al_(2)O_(3)纳米粒子的协同作用使涂层表面形成自封闭孔洞结构,进一步提高微弧氧化涂层的致密性和耐腐蚀性能。

添加剂K_(2)ZrF_(6)和EDTA-Na与电压及其交互作用对镁合金微弧氧化膜耐蚀性的影响

在磷酸盐电解液体系中于AZ91D镁合金表面制备微弧氧化膜层.基于正交实验研究添加剂K_(2)ZrF_(6)和EDTA-Na、电压及其交互作用对膜层的影响.通过TT260数字式涡流测厚仪、SEM和XRD检测膜层厚度、微观形貌及物相组成.采用HNO_(3)点滴实验评价膜层在酸性介质中的耐蚀性能.结果表明:K_(2)ZrF_(6)、EDTA-Na、电压及其交互作用对膜层厚度和耐蚀性影响不同.电压对膜层厚度和耐蚀性的影响非常显著,随电压升高,膜层厚度和耐蚀性均明显增加.K_(2)ZrF_(6)单独对膜层厚度没有显著影响,对耐蚀性存有一定的影响.EDTA-Na单独对膜层厚度和耐蚀性无显著影响.而K_(2)ZrF_(6)与电压间存在着显著的交互作用.最终使得在高浓度的K_(2)ZrF_(6)、高浓度的EDTA-Na和高电压搭配时,可获得综合性能更优异的膜层.

镁合金表面含ZrO_(2)微弧氧化复合膜层的研究进展

镁合金耐蚀性差,极大限制了其在易腐蚀环境中的应用。微弧氧化能够在镁合金表面制备一层类陶瓷氧化膜,能有效提高其耐蚀性。受微弧氧化成膜机理的影响,膜层中往往存在大量孔洞和裂纹;并且通常氧化膜主要由MgO组成,在潮湿或酸性环境中会吸水或溶解,导致膜层的耐蚀性不理想。将具有优良化学稳定性和高硬度的ZrO_(2)引入镁合金微弧氧化膜中,获得主要由ZrO_(2)构成或含ZrO_(2)的氧化膜,同时减少膜层中缺陷,能够提高其对镁合金基体的保护效果。从镁合金微弧氧化电解液、电参数、两步微弧氧化工艺及与其他表面处理技术相结合的4个方面概述了含ZrO_(2)微弧氧化复合膜层的制备工艺、成膜机制及耐蚀性等方面研究的进展,同时分析了各自存在的问题及不足。未来有必要优化制备含ZrO_(2)微弧氧化膜的电解液的组成,以保证其稳定性和有效性,并明确使用过程中电解液各成分的消耗和补充规律。进一步研究两步微弧氧化工艺,获得对镁合金基体有更好保护作用的复合膜层。探索将微弧氧化与其他表面处理技术相结合,综合利用2种技术及膜层的优点。根据ZrO_(2)在不同温度下的结构变化,可以进一步分析微弧氧化过程中的温度场分布和膜层形成机理。

纯Cr和两种含Cr合金在ZnCl_2及KCl-ZnCl_2盐膜下的腐蚀

研究了纯Cr、低合金钢及HP型耐热钢在 45 0℃纯氧气氛中分别于ZnCl2 和KCl-ZnCl2 盐膜下的腐蚀 .结果表明 ,材料在混合盐膜下比在单一ZnCl2 盐膜下发生了更严重的腐蚀 .与低合金钢相比 ,纯Cr和耐热合金中的腐蚀产物更为疏松并易剥落 .此外 ,HP耐热合金中还沿富Cr碳化物发生了晶间侵蚀 .从热力学角度讨论了形成Cr2 O3型保护膜的材料在含氯环境中的蜕化机理 .

纳米TiO_(2)颗粒对Ni-W-P合金镀层性能的影响

目的探究纳米TiO_(2)颗粒对Ni-W-P镀层组织结构、耐蚀性与耐磨性能的影响,提高2024铝合金管材的耐蚀性。方法使用化学镀的方法在2024铝合金表面制备了Ni-W-P/TiO_(2)纳米复合镀层,通过SEM、EDS、XRD表征了镀层的表面形貌、表面元素分布以及镀层物相。对比了传统Ni-W-P镀层与所制备Ni-W-P/TiO_(2)纳米复合镀层的显微硬度与耐磨性。结果加入纳米TiO_(2)颗粒后,镀层表面变得更加致密,晶粒得到细化。EDS结果表明,纳米TiO_(2)颗粒在镀层中分布均匀。物相分析表明,镀层为晶态结构,加入纳米TiO_(2)颗粒后,镀层平均晶粒尺寸为9.706 nm,比Ni-W-P镀层的晶粒尺寸减小了0.612 nm。失重试验表明,Ni-W-P/TiO_(2)纳米复合镀层在Cl^(–)为2×10^(5) mg/L的地层水中具有较强的耐蚀性,腐蚀速率为0.1062 g/(m^(2)·h),与Ni-W-P镀层的腐蚀速率相比,减少了21%;与Ni镀层的腐蚀速率相比,减少了31%;与2024铝合金的腐蚀速率相比,下降了69%。电化学测试结果表明,Ni-W-P/TiO_(2)纳米复合镀层的自腐蚀电位较Ni-W-P镀层、Ni镀层以及2024铝合金分别正移了0.0813、0.1668、0.4141 V,腐蚀倾向更低。与Ni镀层、Ni-W-P镀层相比,Ni-W-P/TiO_(2)纳米复合镀层具有最高的显微硬度(535.6HV)以及耐磨性(0.1942 mg/min)。结论纳米TiO_(2)颗粒的加入可以减小镀层的晶粒尺寸,使镀层表面更加致密,同时提高镀层的硬度,增强镀层的耐蚀性与耐磨性。

含促进剂HF_2^-的铝合金稀土转化工艺

稀土转化无毒、无污染,但成膜效率低。在以Ce(NO3)3为主盐、KMnO4为氧化剂的稀土转化液中添加HF2-作为促进剂,采用正交试验优化转化液配方,并研究了转化液pH值、成膜时间对膜层厚度、耐蚀性、成分和形貌的影响,探讨了HF2-加速成膜的机理。结果表明:稀土转化最佳工艺为7.5g/LCe(NO3)3,1.5g/LKMnO4,0.1g/LHF2-,成膜时间8min,pH=2.2;HF2-在室温下可大大缩短成膜时间,通过刻蚀、配位、取代及活性改变界面层结构的综合作用加速成膜。

时效工艺对2519铝合金热轧板材抗应力腐蚀敏感性的影响

以腐蚀的强度指标(Kσ)和腐蚀的伸长率指标(Kδ)评定合金的抗应力腐蚀敏感性,研究了2519铝合金热轧板材在T6、T7和T8状态下的抗应力腐蚀敏感性。试验结果表明,2519铝合金热轧板材的抗应力腐蚀敏感性按T8>T7>T6排序,而它们的力学性能按T6>T8>T7的顺序排列。另外,测试了室温下T6、T7和T8状态2519铝合金试样的恒电位极化曲线,发现可以以合金的极化电阻定性地描述合金的抗应力腐蚀敏感性,且当合金的极化电阻越大时,合金的抗应力腐蚀敏感性越好。