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论西方现代政治哲学的“心学”翻转
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作者 陈建洪 《四川大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第5期105-114,共10页
西方现代政治哲学中的个体思想有它自己的“心”路历程。从路德到康德之间,西方现代政治哲学的“心学”经过了霍布斯的翻转与斯宾诺莎的再翻转。在路德那里,内心为里事工为表。霍布斯放弃了路德的唯灵论,区分了内在信仰和外在崇拜,并从... 西方现代政治哲学中的个体思想有它自己的“心”路历程。从路德到康德之间,西方现代政治哲学的“心学”经过了霍布斯的翻转与斯宾诺莎的再翻转。在路德那里,内心为里事工为表。霍布斯放弃了路德的唯灵论,区分了内在信仰和外在崇拜,并从政治上强调了外在认信。斯宾诺莎继承并再度翻转霍布斯的内外结构,明确了内心自由是一项不可穿透的私权,塑造了现代政治哲学关于个体自由的基本特征。路德、霍布斯和斯宾诺莎对内心外行之分的不同解释,表现了“心”的不同地位与意义,展现了现代个体思想的发展过程。这对于理解现代政治哲学的基本脉络具有特别的意义。 展开更多
关键词 “心” 个体思想 路德 霍布斯 斯宾诺莎
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“In Space” or “As Space”?: Spatial Autocorrelation Properties of the Earth’s Interior
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作者 Charles H. Smith 《International Journal of Geosciences》 2014年第4期375-382,共8页
In this analysis, natural systems are posed to subsystemize in a manner facilitating both structured information/energy sharing and an entropy maximization process projecting a three-dimensional, spatial outcome. Nume... In this analysis, natural systems are posed to subsystemize in a manner facilitating both structured information/energy sharing and an entropy maximization process projecting a three-dimensional, spatial outcome. Numerical simulations were first carried out to determine whether n × n input-output matrices could, once entropy-maximized, project a three-dimensional Euclidean metric. Only 4 × 4 matrices could;a small proportion passed the test. Larger proportions passed when grouped random patterns on and within two- and three-dimensional forms were tested. The pattern of structural zonation within the earth was then tested in analogous fashion using spatial autocorrelation measures, and for three time periods: current, 95 million years b.p. and 200 million years b.p. All expected results were obtained;not only do the geometries of zonation project a three-dimensional structure as anticipated, but also do secondary statistical measures reveal levels of equilibrium among the zones in all three cases that are nearly total, distinguishing them from simulations that do not incorporate a varying-surface zone-width element. 展开更多
关键词 Entropy Maximization Earth’s INTERIOR SPATIAL AUTOCORRELATION benedict de spinoza SPATIAL Extension SPACE
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