Climate Change Trend Observations in Morocco: Case Study of Beni Mellal-Khenifra and Darâa-Tafilalt Regions

Despite the extreme events impact on various climate events frequency and intensity in many developing countries, there has been dearth information on daily climate trends and climatic extremes. This study comes to characterize the climate type and its evolution in Morocco, specially the two regions Beni Mellal-Khenifra and Daraa-Tafilalt. RClimdex software has been used to calculate pluvio-thermal and ombro-thermic indices in the studied stations to reveal climate type in the two regions, their evolutions, and the daily extreme temperatures and precipitations. A cartographic representation has been done for the calculated indices and climatic trends in the stations from 1970 to 2016. As results, the temperature trend for hot day’s number shows a significant increase, while the cold night’s numbers, warm sequences, and precipitation are gradually decreases especially at Khouribga and Midelt. These observed modifications influence negatively the annual rainfall total in the year, the consecutive wet days, the maximums rainy days, and the increase of consecutively dry days. As a conclusion, the Martonne aridity and ombro-thermic indices, show that the temperatures and precipitations evolutions do not induce a change in the climate type for the studied regions.

核空间中的Xie-Beni指标及其性能

针对核空间中模糊聚类算法的有效性评价问题,以核非线性映射为工具,将Xie-Beni指标推广到核Hilbert空间,得到其对应的核化形式,并指出该核化指标与VLL指标的区别和联系.在此基础上,通过比较实验,研究了核化的Xie-Beni指标对高斯核宽度β和模糊指数m的稳定特性.结果表明,核化的Xie-Beni指标较之VLL等其他指标具有更好的性能和可靠性,可优先作为核模糊聚类算法的有效性判据.

Pressure and Temperature Conditions Recorded by the Beni-Bousera Ultramafic Body and the Overlying Lower-crustal Rocks(Rif,Morocco)

The Beni Bousera massif(Rifean belt,northern Morocco)is predominantly composed of spinel lherzolite with subordinate garnet pyroxenite and garnet peridotite layers.It formed an antiformal dome which was overlain by graphite-sillimanite-garnet gneisses(kinzigites)equilibrated at around 1 GPa and 750℃.Within these kinzigites,kyanite-bearing basic granulites record somewhat higher PT conditions of around 1.6-2.0 GPa and 760-820℃.Garnet clinopyroxenite(either graphite-bearing or graphi-

Hydrogeochemical Characteristics and Assessment of Water Resources in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt

The main target of this research is to investigate the hydrogeochemical characteristics of surface and groundwater resources in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt. A combination of major and heavy metals has been used to characterize surface and groundwater in Beni Suef Governorate, Egypt. Twenty water samples were collected from the water resources: River Nile, El-Ibrahimia canal, Bahr Youssef, irrigation and drainage channels and Quaternary aquifer. The collected water samples were analyzed for major and heavy metals. Surface and groundwater in the study area are considered potable for drink and irrigation based on the TDS and major ions concentrations. Regarding the MPL quoted by the WHO [1] and FAO [2], water resources in the study area are polluted by Al, Cd, Fe, Mn, Co and Cu. The highest concentrations of Al, Cd, Fe, Mn, Co and Cu recorded in the study area were 2545, 400, 1415, 2158, 239 and 1080 μg/l, respectively. Both surface and groundwater in Beni Suef suffer from pollution due to the impact of unsupervised anthropogenic activities including: fertilizers and pesticide, waste disposal and industrial waste, seepage from septic tanks, construction of water pipes, wastewater from El-Moheet drainage and evaporation processes during flood irrigation.

Evaluation of the Microbiological Quality of Different Moroccan Drinking Water in the Beni Mellal Region

Drinking water is water that does not contain pathogens or chemicals at levels that may be harmful to health. Beni Mellal region, one of the major rich areas in ground and surface water in Morocco (the rivers like Oum Errabia, Darna, ...;Bin el-Ouidane and martyr Ahmed El Hansali dams and sources like Ain Asserdoune, …) is located in the North-Centre of Morocco. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the microbiological quality of different drinking waters originated from sources, faucets, fountains and wells in the Beni Mellal city and its agricultural surrounding areas. For this, hygienic quality indicator parameters of water quality were determined by assessing the analysis of Total Coliforms Count, Fecal Coliforms Count, streptococcus D and revivable germs while germs such as Anaerobic Sulphite-reducing Bacteria, S. aureus and Salmonella sp, were carried out according to national and international standards. The analysis of the microbiological results found for all the different samples waters investigated in this study revealed that the waters originated from fountains, faucets and sources were proper for main consumption at microbiological point of view while the wells waters were improper for consumption according to norms. Finally, it appears, from the results obtained, that the potential risk of infection of water consumers especially (groundwater) calls for prompt intervention in order to alleviate the potential health impact of water-borne diseases in the community. From this, a proper sanitary survey and implementation of water and sanitation projects in the community is recommended.

Anthropozoic impact on the floristic biodiversity in the area of Beni Saf(Algeria)

The degradation of the natural resources in Algeria nowadays remains a major constraint for the agrosilvopastoral development. Indeed, the area of Beni Saf is confronted with many problems such as the anthropozoic pressure which does not make it possible to keep balance between the exploitation of the natural resources and their regenerations in time and space. Following the example results obtained through a floristic study by the factorial analysis of correspondences (F A C), concerning the identification of anthropozoogenes species such as: Chamaerops humilis, Asphodelus microcarpus, Withania frutescens, Calycotome spinosa, Asparagus albus;furthermore, the calculation of the disturbance index which marks the rate of therophytisation which is about 68%, that one finds it very high. These indices show a disturbance and an imbalance of the plant formation of the zone of study, caused by the high anthropozoogene pressure. Vis-a-vis this threat, it is essential to propose a possibility of intervention for a durable management of these spaces.

The Beni Bousera Peridotite(Rif Belt, Morocco): A Subsolidus Evolution Interpretation

The Beni Bousera ultramafic massif is a tectonically emplaced body of upper mantle material that is exposed over 72 km2at the base of the internal zones of the Alpine Rif belt of northern Morocco.The predominant lithology in

基于Xie-Beni指数的选择性聚类集成

选择性聚类集成是选择一部分精度高、差异性大的基聚类结果进行集成,从而得到更为有效的聚类集成结果。然而,聚类结果的准确性难以客观度量。为此,文中提出了一种基于Xie-Beni指数的选择性聚类集成算法,该算法采用Xie-Beni指数来度量基聚类结果的有效性,利用并结合NMI(互信息)选择出精度较高的基聚类结果,从而提升聚类结果的准确性。实验结果证实了该算法的有效性。

发酵型枸杞酒澄清技术研究

针对枸杞酒本身的特有成分,研究了果胶酶酶解、果胶酶与明胶复合处理、壳聚糖澄清三种方法对发酵型枸杞红酒的澄清效果。试验结果表明,采用壳聚糖的澄清效果最为理想,其澄清速度快,用量少,生产成本低。产品在贮藏期间稳定,风味好。

西藏昌都崩勒溶洞石笋7ka BP以来高分辨δ^(18)O、δ^(13)C记录的气候变化

通过对青藏高原崩勒溶洞石笋进行高精度的230 Th测年和C、O同位素分析,建立了中全新世7ka BP以来西藏昌都地区高分辨率的古气候变化记录。石笋C、O同位素记录揭示出,西藏昌都地区中全新世(约7ka BP)以来的气候演化大致可分为3个气候阶段:7000~4500aBP为暖期阶段,气候总体处于高温暖湿,伴随缓慢降温;4500~2300aBP为降温期阶段,出现持续降温,气候变得干旱;2300aBP至今为升温期阶段,气温及降水均出现波动上升。石笋C、O同位素记录的研究结果表明,中全新世以来研究区存在高温暖湿、快速降温干旱以及后期气候强烈震荡升温的气候过程。通过与董歌洞石笋同位素记录对比表明,崩勒溶洞石笋δ18 O同位素曲线变化的斜率、震荡幅度都要明显高于董歌洞石笋记录,揭示出青藏高原东部季风区的气候波动与全球性冷暖变化具有一致性,但高原石笋同位素记录对气候变化更加敏感。昌都石笋同位素反映的气候变化趋势与低纬地区夏季太阳辐射强度变化正相关,表明太阳辐射强度变化是高原季风影响区气候变化的重要驱动因素。

一种改进的FCM算法对海马组织基因的聚类分析

目的为了更好地建立符合生物学意义的基因归类,为一些未知的基因的功能提出解释提供参考。方法提出一种新的FCM聚类算法,设计了一个归类阀值,利用模糊聚类Xie-Beni指数得到了最优聚类数并实现了海马组织基因的软聚类,并把每一类对应的基因标号输出到txt文件,最后进行生物学解释。结果得到的海马组织基因最优聚类数为4类,通过分类结果对照发现,各类中的大多数基因生物学意义接近。结论此改进的FCM算法应用于基因聚类是有效的,结果具有一定生物学意义,能对生物学基因聚类及基因功能解释具有一定指导作用。

基于有效性测度的基因表达数据的模糊聚类分析

本文讨论了模糊聚类中的模糊C均值算法和聚类有效性测度。结合基因微阵列的特点,设计并实现了一种基于聚类有效性函数的模糊C均值模型。将该种模型运用于公开的白血病基因表达数据,取得了与实际情况相吻合的实验结果。

南美玻利维亚重点盆地油气地质特征和勘探潜力评价

基于对玻利维亚区域构造演化与沉积充填特征的分析,研究盆地烃源岩、储集层及盖层等油气成藏地质条件的差异,分析盆地勘探潜力。玻利维亚境内发育查科、贝尼和马德雷德迪奥斯等3个重点盆地,均是在前寒武系基底基础上发育起来的叠合盆地,盆内依次充填了古生代克拉通边缘海相沉积层序、三叠纪-白垩纪裂谷期海相-海陆过渡沉积层序和晚白垩世至今前陆陆相沉积层序。油气成藏地质条件综合对比分析认为,3个盆地均发育泥盆系主力烃源岩,储集层以泥盆系-石炭系和白垩系砂岩为主,发育古生界泥岩和碳酸盐岩及古近系泥岩等多套区域盖层。成熟烃源岩主要分布在冲断带和前渊区,油气必须通过垂向和侧向运移才能聚集成藏,具有晚期生烃、晚期成藏的特点。马德雷德迪奥斯盆地前渊-斜坡带低幅构造圈闭和地层圈闭、查科盆地和贝尼盆地逆冲褶皱带构造圈闭是主要的勘探目标。

小脑基因表达数据的模糊多尺度聚类分析

目的为了更好地建立符合生物学意义的基因归类,为一些未知基因的功能提出解释提供参考。方法首先对小脑组织随机抽取100组预处理后的基因表达数据,对每个由7个时间点所成的基因表达信号做多尺度分析,其次在各个尺度下运用改进的FCM算法设计了一个归类阀值,并利用模糊聚类Xie-Beni指数得到了最优聚类数并实现各个尺度下小脑组织基因的聚类,并把每一层对应的聚类结果输出到文本文件,最后找出各层聚类结果完全一致的基因进行归类并进行生物学解释。结果得到的小脑组织基因最优聚类数为3类,通过分类结果对照发现,各类中的大多数基因生物学意义接近。结论运用多尺度分析并结合FCM算法应用于基因聚类是有效的,结果具有一定生物学意义,能对生物学基因聚类及基因功能解释具有一定指导作用。

雷达干扰信号识别决策树的自动化设计方法

针对雷达干扰识别决策树分类器设计需要人工介入的问题,提出了一种基于模糊聚类、Xie-Beni指标和信息增益的决策树自动化设计方法。该方法首先对干扰信号在时域、频域和脉压后时域等维度建立参数特征集,接着在决策树建立过程中引入模糊C均值聚类(FCM),从而解决传统决策树需要先验知识设置判决门限的问题;然后通过Xie-Beni指标动态确定决策树节点分支数,优化决策树复杂程度;最后使用基于信息增益的ID3算法建立模糊聚类决策树。该方法解决了干扰识别决策树的自动化设计问题,且优化了决策树性能。计算机仿真及某雷达对抗实验数据验证了所提方法的有效性。

人工疏果对‘爱媛28’橘橙果实糖酸含量及代谢基因表达的影响

【背景】‘爱媛28’橘橙是杂交柑橘品种(Citrus nanko×C.amakusa),因其优良的果实品质,受到人们的青睐。疏果是农业生产过程中常用的一种提高果实品质的技术,不仅能使果实体积明显增大,而且还能够增加果实可溶性固形物含量。但是,疏果增加果实可溶性固形物含量的具体机制仍然不清楚。【目的】本研究以枳(Poncirus trifoliata)为基砧、椪柑(Citrus reticulata)为中间砧的4年生‘爱媛28’橘橙作为试验材料,探索疏果影响果实糖酸含量变化的具体机制。【方法】在‘爱媛28’果实幼果期进行疏果,每隔半个月左右测定疏果果实与未疏果果实的横纵茎,采样并测量单果重与糖酸含量,选择糖酸含量差异明显的时期测定糖酸代谢相关酶的活性及其对应编码基因的相对表达量。【结果】疏果显著增加‘爱媛28’果实在生长中后期的横纵茎和单果重,显著加快果实柠檬酸含量的降解速度,但并未影响果实成熟时最终的柠檬酸含量;显著增加了果实的葡萄糖和蔗糖含量,但对果糖含量没有显著影响。疏果显著增强蔗糖代谢过程中的蔗糖合成酶SSⅡ(合成方向)、蔗糖合成酶SSⅠ(分解方向)、蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)和柠檬酸分解代谢过程中的胞质顺乌头酸酶(Cyt-ACO)、胞浆异柠檬酸脱氢酶(ICDH)和谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)的活性。疏果显著促进蔗糖代谢过程中CitSS3在早期的相对表达量和CitSPSs在所有时期的相对表达量,以及柠檬酸分解代谢过程中CitACO3、CitNADP-IDH1、CitACLα1/β、CitGAD1和CitGSs在早中期的相对表达量。【结论】人工疏果主要通过增强蔗糖合成代谢过程中蔗糖磷酸合成酶的酶活来促进果实可溶性糖的积累,提高柠檬酸分解代谢过程中相关酶的活性和基因表达水平,加快柠檬酸降解,从而在提升果实品质中发挥重要作用。

腹内压监测在腹腔间隙综合征的应用探讨

目的探讨腹内压的监测方法对腹腔间隙综合征的诊断意义。方法对可能发生腹腔间隙综合征的病人进行腹腔内压测定(直接测量和间接测量)。结果根据腹腔内压测定结果可及时得到治疗和护理,提高危重病人的治疗效果。结论腹腔间隙综合征以多脏器功能损伤相互影响、互为因果关系,腹腔间隙综合征一经诊断需及时腹腔减压。

中王国诺姆长的授任与职责——《哈努姆霍泰普自传铭文》研究

古埃及诺姆长是世袭还是钦定,一般取决于中央政权的强弱。但在中王国文献中,还出现了第三种情形:世袭加钦定。《哈努姆霍泰普自传铭文》对于厘清诺姆长的授任方式及职责有重要价值。本尼哈森墓地葬有多名中王国时期的诺姆长,其中包括第十二王朝第十六诺姆诺姆长哈努姆霍泰普二世,墓中墙上刻有他的自传铭文。铭文虽然不长,但为史家提供了极为难得的史料,诺姆长的世袭与任命、诺姆长的职责、诺姆长在上任后提出的划界竖碑和通过联姻扩张家族势力范围的诉求,都在铭文中有所体现。这样一篇自传体铭文,使得对古埃及第十二王朝历史的研究可能在具体层面展开。

改进模糊C均值聚类算法及锂电池配组应用

在锂电池化成管理的智能配组过程中,当处理大规模数据或锂电池结构较复杂时,速度和准确度不高。因此,提出了一种基于遗传算法与密度加权的改进模糊C均值聚类算法。首先,由遗传算法优化得到初始聚类中心。然后,将样本对象的高斯密度函数作为其权值,并采用Xie-Beni有效性指标改进目标函数。将改进的算法通过标准测试数据集Iris和锂电池配组进行实验验证。验证结果表明:本文算法改善了聚类效果,与模糊C均值聚类算法相比,锂电池配组的正确率提高了0.8%,并且计算迭代次数从14次降低到8次。

一种多目标遥感影像模糊聚类方法

由于遥感影像的复杂性和相关先验知识的缺失,传统的聚类方法在遥感影像聚类任务中往往表现不佳。文中提出一种多目标聚类算法同时优化广义模糊C均值(FGFCM)的目标函数和其相应的XB指数。与FCM相比,FGFCM对噪声更鲁棒,而且通过引入局部空间信息和灰度级信息显著提高了其聚类表现。在模拟和真实数据集上进行的实验证实了该算法的有效性和优越性。