In N’Djaména, the use and marketing of certain hydrocarbons does not comply with any standard in force or with regulations provided for this purpose. Their evaporation and unregulated release into the wild signi...In N’Djaména, the use and marketing of certain hydrocarbons does not comply with any standard in force or with regulations provided for this purpose. Their evaporation and unregulated release into the wild significantly affects the ecosystem. The present work consists in developing a method of extraction from sediments polluted by bio surfactant (rhamnolipid) assisted by microwaves. The goal here is to look for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in polluted sediments. The rhamnolipid used consists of monorhamnolipids and di-rhamnolipids, its emulsion index is 64.66% and is composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 18. We used the microwave micellar extraction process. It was made by keeping the concentration values fixed at 0.15 g/L and the power at 400 W and more. We observed a positive interaction of the rhamnolipid concentration factors and the power of the microwave to obtain the optimal conditions at the time of 50 S, at the concentration of 0.16 g/L and at the power of 443 W for a rate of optimal extraction of 0.91%. Chromatographic analysis by GC-MS of the optimum extracts allowed us to identify twelve (12) C10 to C43 n-alkanes and eight (8) PAHs. It emerges from this analysis that the rhamnolipid extracts seven (7) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in equivalent proportions while the tween 80 extracts only four (4) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with a high proportion (80.02%) of benzo [a] antracene.展开更多
目的用微波辐射催化法合成苯并咪唑并喹喔啉衍生物。方法在120 W微波辐射条件下,以碘化亚铜和脯氨酸锂为催化剂,N-对甲苯磺酰基-2-碘苯胺和2-氯甲基苯并咪唑在110℃二甲基甲酰胺中反应30min得到苯并咪唑并喹喔啉及其衍生物。结果发现一...目的用微波辐射催化法合成苯并咪唑并喹喔啉衍生物。方法在120 W微波辐射条件下,以碘化亚铜和脯氨酸锂为催化剂,N-对甲苯磺酰基-2-碘苯胺和2-氯甲基苯并咪唑在110℃二甲基甲酰胺中反应30min得到苯并咪唑并喹喔啉及其衍生物。结果发现一种合成苯并咪唑并喹喔啉衍生物的新方法,获得7个相应的苯并咪唑并喹喔啉化合物,均已通过1 H NMR、13 C NMR和质谱确认结构,最高收率为94%。结论微波辐射法Cu+/脯氨酸锂催化合成吡咯[1,2-α]喹喔啉,与传统方法比较,具有时间短、收率高的优点。展开更多
文摘In N’Djaména, the use and marketing of certain hydrocarbons does not comply with any standard in force or with regulations provided for this purpose. Their evaporation and unregulated release into the wild significantly affects the ecosystem. The present work consists in developing a method of extraction from sediments polluted by bio surfactant (rhamnolipid) assisted by microwaves. The goal here is to look for the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in polluted sediments. The rhamnolipid used consists of monorhamnolipids and di-rhamnolipids, its emulsion index is 64.66% and is composed of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids having carbon numbers ranging from 12 to 18. We used the microwave micellar extraction process. It was made by keeping the concentration values fixed at 0.15 g/L and the power at 400 W and more. We observed a positive interaction of the rhamnolipid concentration factors and the power of the microwave to obtain the optimal conditions at the time of 50 S, at the concentration of 0.16 g/L and at the power of 443 W for a rate of optimal extraction of 0.91%. Chromatographic analysis by GC-MS of the optimum extracts allowed us to identify twelve (12) C10 to C43 n-alkanes and eight (8) PAHs. It emerges from this analysis that the rhamnolipid extracts seven (7) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in equivalent proportions while the tween 80 extracts only four (4) Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons with a high proportion (80.02%) of benzo [a] antracene.
文摘目的用微波辐射催化法合成苯并咪唑并喹喔啉衍生物。方法在120 W微波辐射条件下,以碘化亚铜和脯氨酸锂为催化剂,N-对甲苯磺酰基-2-碘苯胺和2-氯甲基苯并咪唑在110℃二甲基甲酰胺中反应30min得到苯并咪唑并喹喔啉及其衍生物。结果发现一种合成苯并咪唑并喹喔啉衍生物的新方法,获得7个相应的苯并咪唑并喹喔啉化合物,均已通过1 H NMR、13 C NMR和质谱确认结构,最高收率为94%。结论微波辐射法Cu+/脯氨酸锂催化合成吡咯[1,2-α]喹喔啉,与传统方法比较,具有时间短、收率高的优点。
