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The Evaluation of Food and Livelihood Security in a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)Site 被引量:3
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作者 YANG Lun YANG Jianhui +2 位作者 JIAO Wenjun LIU Moucheng LI Wenhua 《Journal of Resources and Ecology》 CSCD 2021年第4期480-488,共9页
Based on the basic selection criteria of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)and food and livelihood security research trends,this paper established an evaluation framework and indicator system for ... Based on the basic selection criteria of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)and food and livelihood security research trends,this paper established an evaluation framework and indicator system for food and livelihood security in GIAHS and selected the first GIAHS site in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau as a case for empirical evaluation.The results demonstrate that the food and livelihood security of farmers at this site was at a medium level,with an average evaluation value of 2.91,which still lagged behind the level of better food and livelihood security.Specifically,the average values of farmers’evaluation of food security and livelihood security were 1.43 and 1.48,respectively,which show that farmers’food security in the study area was at a medium level and that of livelihood security was relatively good.Simultaneously,the more simple a farmers’economic activities(i.e.,agriculture-oriented economic activities or non-agriculture-oriented economic activities),the worse their food and livelihood security;while the more diversified the economic activities(i.e.,engaged in part-time economic activities),the better the food and livelihood security. 展开更多
关键词 Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS) food security livelihood security concept framework evaluation indicator biebu Zhagana Agriculture-Forestry-Animal Husbandry Composite System
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成都出土东汉“别部司马”铜印考 被引量:1
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作者 卢升弟 《中国国家博物馆馆刊》 CSSCI 北大核心 2017年第1期44-50,共7页
1975年成都羊市街出土"别部司马"铜印一件。资料显示,这种东汉军队官员印章,在全国其他地区也有少量发现。据文献记载,别部司马是东汉时期别营的领兵官,早期直属于大将军。东汉末年,兵制受到破坏,别部司马的隶属也发生了较大... 1975年成都羊市街出土"别部司马"铜印一件。资料显示,这种东汉军队官员印章,在全国其他地区也有少量发现。据文献记载,别部司马是东汉时期别营的领兵官,早期直属于大将军。东汉末年,兵制受到破坏,别部司马的隶属也发生了较大变化。在东汉军队中,虽然别部司马的地位和官秩都不是很高,但东汉末年至三国一些著名历史人物,都曾担任过这一官职。由于东汉兵制对别部司马的领兵数并没有作出严格规定,加上"别营"、"别部司马"属于比较特殊的编制,具有很强的独立性,朝廷和各大割据势力也就将其作为收编流散武装、增强自身实力的手段和工具。在东汉末年争霸战争中,别营、别部司马为各方霸主争夺势力范围,发挥过十分重要的作用。随着三国鼎立局面的形成,别营和别部司马已经不适应当时形势需要,并开始逐步退出历史舞台。 展开更多
关键词 别部司马 割据 战争 铜印
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