铜增韧Mo_(2)BC陶瓷的力学性能和摩擦学性能

采用快速热压反应烧结法制备高强韧Mo_(2)BC/Cu陶瓷基复合材料。研究铜含量对Mo_(2)BC/Cu复合材料的微观组织、力学性能和摩擦学性能的影响,并对其增韧机制和磨损机理进行分析。研究结果表明:Cu均匀地分散在Mo_(2)BC基体中,具有细化晶粒的作用。Mo_(2)BC/Cu复合材料中铜可以添加的最大质量分数为7.5%。随着铜含量的增加,Mo_(2)BC/Cu复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性增加。当Cu质量分数为7.5%时,复合材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性最高,分别为625.1 MPa和7.4 MPa·m^(1/2),与Mo_(2)BC陶瓷相比,分别提高了24%和62%,其主要的增韧机制为铜的塑性变形、晶粒拔出、桥接效应和裂纹的偏转。此外,铜的添加还可以明显提高Mo_(2)BC/Cu复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。当Cu质量分数为2.5%时,复合材料的摩擦因数可低至0.36,磨损量最小,耐磨性最优,其主要的磨损机制为轻微的二体磨粒磨损和氧化磨损。

基于新载体的BC-L-83碳三加氢催化剂的开发及工业应用

针对国产碳三液相加氢BC-L-83催化剂的特点和不足,开发了基于新载体的BC-L-83碳三液相选择加氢催化剂,考察了新BC-L-83催化剂在工业乙烯装置上的长周期应用情况。工业应用结果表明,新BC-L-83催化剂在国内1.2 Mt/a乙烯装置中首次稳定运行22个月以上,催化剂活性高,抗波动性能好,丙烯平均选择性超过73%,更好地满足了工业乙烯装置脱除碳三馏分中的丙炔、丙二烯和增产丙烯的要求,具有明显的技术和成本优势。

BC120全自动血培养系统作为药品无菌检查替代方法的可行性研究

目的:评价基于呼吸信号检测原理的BC120全自动血培养系统在特定注射剂产品中作为替代方法开展无菌检查的可行性。方法:收集2种不同类型的无菌制剂,考察在专属性、检测限和方法适用性等方面与中国药典无菌检查法是否存在差异。结果:在严格按照BC120全自动血培养系统使用说明操作的前提下,该系统在专属性和检测限参数上与药典方法无显著差异,多数情况下比药典方法更快地报告阳性结果。结论:BC120全自动血培养系统在风险管理的前提下,经过验证,可作为药典无菌检查的替代方法用于特定注射剂产品的生产过程控制和快速放行。Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of BC120 blood culture system as an alternative method for sterility test. Methods: Two aseptic preparations were collected, to examine the differences between them and pharmacopoeia method in specificity, detection limit and method applicability. Results: According to the instructions of BC120 blood culture system, there is no significant difference between the system and the pharmacopoeia method in specificity and detection limit parameters, and in most cases, the positive results are reported faster than the pharmacopoeia method. Conclusions: Under the premise of risk management, BC120 blood culture system can be used as an alternative method for sterile testing in the production process of specific injection products for sterile quality control and rapid release after validation.

miR-21低表达对垂体瘤细胞系RC-4BC增殖、凋亡的影响及与PTEN靶向关系

目的观察微小RNA-21(miR-21)低表达对垂体瘤细胞系RC-4BC增殖、凋亡的影响,并分析其与第10号染色体丢失的张力蛋白同源磷酸酶基因(PTEN)的靶向关系。方法取对数生长期的RC-4BC细胞分为两组,沉默组转染miR-21抑制物miR-21 inhibitor,阴性对照组转染抑制物阴性对照NC-inhibitor,采用RT-PCR法检测miR-21、第10号染色体丢失的张力蛋白同源磷酸酶基因(PTEN)mRNA,采用CCK8实验观察两组细胞增殖能力(以OD值表示),采用平板克隆实验观察两组细胞集落形成能力(以集落形成数表示),采用流式细胞术观察两组细胞凋亡率并观察细胞周期分布情况。收集RC-4BC细胞制备单细胞悬液,分别将miR-21 mimics或NC-mimics与PTEN-WT或PTEN-MUT共转染至RC-4BC细胞,转染后细胞标记为miR-21 mimics+PTEN-WT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-WT组、miR-21 mimics+PTEN-MUT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-MUT组,采用双荧光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-21与PTEN的靶向关系。结果沉默组RC-4BC细胞中miR-21、PTEN mRNA相对表达量分别为0.30±0.08、2.89±0.14,阴性对照组RC-4BC细胞中miR-21、PTEN mRNA相对表达量分别为1.01±0.02、0.99±0.03,两组相比,P均<0.05。沉默组RC-4BC细胞24 h、48 h、72 h时OD值均低于阴性对照组(P均<0.05)。沉默组RC-4BC细胞集落形成数低于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。沉默组RC-4BC细胞凋亡率高于阴性对照组(P<0.05)。沉默组RC-4BC细胞G0/G1期占比65.65%±7.82%、S期占比19.25%±3.70%,阴性对照组RC-4BC细胞G0/G1期占比45.62%±5.03%、S期占比35.72%±4.67%,两组相比,P均<0.05。miR-21 mimics+PTEN-WT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-WT组、miR-21 mimics+PTEN-MUT组、NC-mimics+PTEN-MUT组细胞的相对荧光素酶活性分别为0.39±0.07、1.02±0.03、1.01±0.04、1.00±0.03,其中miR-21 mimics+PTEN-WT组相对荧光素酶活性与其他各组相比,P均<0.05。结论沉默miR-21能够移至垂体瘤细胞系RC-4BC的增殖、促进其凋亡,其机制可能与靶向调控PTEN基因有关。

迈瑞BC-7500全自动血细胞分析仪的性能验证

目的:对迈瑞BC-7500全自动血细胞分析仪进行性能评价,确保仪器检测数据的准确性。方法:参照WS/T406-2012《临床血液学检验常规项目的分析质量要求》等行标要求,进行迈瑞BC-7500全自动血细胞分析仪本底计数、携带污染率、批内精密度、日间精密度、线性范围、正确度、参考范围、不同吸样模式的结果可比性、实验室内部的可比性、仪器间五分类比对、人机五分类比对的验证分析。结果:迈瑞BC-7500全自动血细胞分析仪本底计数、携带污染率、精密度、线性范围、正确度、参考范围、不同吸样模式的结果可比性、实验室内部的可比性、仪器间五分类比对、人机五分类比对验证均符合行标要求。结论:本实验室使用的迈瑞BC-7500全自动血细胞分析仪经验证其性能符合行标要求,检测结果准确可靠,可满足临床需求。

高压管汇中活动弯管BC直接头失效分析

高压管汇作为压裂设备核心部件之一,比泵头体、泵阀等易损件失效危害更大。为此,以失效活动弯管BC直接头为研究对象,采用硬度检测、金相检验、扫描电镜检测等手段分析了失效直接头材料力学性能和断口形貌,并利用有限元方法计算了直接头轴肩根部含初始缺陷处的应力强度。分析结果表明:BC直接头失效是由应力集中导致的脆性断裂而产生;应力集中、组装配合不当使其受力不均、材料硬度偏高和力学性能不达标,由此造成接头在循环载荷作用下发生脆性断裂;建议严格控制接头原材料复检及产品质量检验,规范产品结构组装标准,定量规范管汇安装标准。所得结论可为压裂高压管汇接头的失效分析提供理论参考。

生物增效低曝气BC-BAF处理低碳高氨氮废水的性能研究

为改善传统曝气生物滤池(BAF)对低碳高氨氮比猪场沼液脱氮除磷效果差的困境,采用生物炭(Biochar,BC)为BAF载体填料,接种课题组前期驯化好的脱氮除磷功能菌泥,低曝气条件下构建生物增效BC-BAF工艺。研究该工艺对猪场沼液脱氮除磷的效能,并基于高通量测序技术分析启动前后微生物种群的组成变化,最后结合启动后污泥样品的能谱分析(EDS),探讨其强化脱氮除磷机理。结果表明,启动成功后的生物增效BC-BAF工艺对低碳高氨氮猪场沼液的NH4+-N、TN和TP的平均去除率分别达到了65.27%、60.31%和63.20%;与脱氮除磷功能相关的优势菌属Nitrosomonas(2.12%),Candidatus_Brocadia(3.24%),Acinetobacter(3.88%),Micropruina(24.72%),norank_o_RBG-13-54-9(11.71%),JGI_0001001-H03(1.77%)和unclassified_f_Burkholderiaceae(1.11%)在反应体系中实现了很好的富集。微曝气生物增效BC-BAF工艺处理猪场沼液反应体系中存在短程硝化、厌氧氨氧化以及反硝化脱氮等多种途径,而对于总磷的去除主要以生物除磷和吸附沉淀的联合方式进行。

Photocatalytic activation of sulfite by N-doped porous biochar/MnFe_(2)O_(4) interface-driven catalyst for efficient degradation of tetracycline

A novel photo-catalytic system composed of N-doped biochars(NBCs),MnFe_(2)O_(4) and sulfite activation under ultraviolet(NBCs/MnFe_(2)O_(4)/sulfite/UV)was constructed to realize the efficient eliminate of tetracycline(TC).As the carrier of MnFe_(2)O_(4),NBCs were synthesized from alfalfa,which has large specific surface area,graphite like structure and hierarchical porous structure.The adsorption isotherm indicated that NBCs/MnFe_(2)O_(4)-2:1 had the best adsorption performance for TC(347.56 mg g^(-1)).Through synergistic adsorption and photocatalysis,the removal rate of TC reached 84%,which was significantly higher than that of MnFe_(2)O_(4).Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)and Photoluminescence(PL)characterization results showed that the introduction of NBCs improved the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron and hole pairs and enhanced the photocatalytic performance.Moreover,the adsorption,degradation mechanism and degradation path of TC by the catalyst were systematically analyzed by coupling HPLC–MS measurement with the theoretical calculation.Considering the advantages of excellent degradation performance,low cost,easy separation and environmental friendliness of NBCs/MnFe_(2)O_(4),this work was expected to provide a new path for the practical application of biochar.

BC@CdS复合材料的原位生长制备及光催化性能

以生物质气化炭渣为原料,采用原位水热生长策略制备了一系列生物炭(BC)负载CdS复合材料(BC@Cd S),通过XRD、SEM、BET、XPS、UV-Vis DRS、PL、EIS对其进行了表征。以左氧氟沙星(LVF)为目标污染物,探讨了m(BC)∶m(CdS)对BC@CdS光催化性能的影响,对影响BC@CdS光催化降解LVF的因素进行了考察,测试了其循环稳定性和对不同污染物的适用性,推测了BC@CdS光催化降解LVF的机理。结果表明,CdS纳米颗粒均匀生长在BC表面上,有效防止了自身的团聚;以m(BC)∶m(CdS)=1∶2制备的BC@CdS-2具有最优光催化性能,在90 min可见光照射下,20 mg BC@CdS-2对50 mL质量浓度为20 mg/L LVF进行降解,LVF降解率为90.87%,循环使用5次,LVF降解率仍可达85.45%;BC@CdS-2对质量浓度为20mg/L的不同污染物(环丙沙星、氧氟沙星、土霉素、盐酸四环素、罗明丹B)降解率在83.57%~93.65%之间;对体系环境的pH和共存离子有抗干扰能力。BC@CdS光催化体系中的主要活性基团是空穴和超氧自由基。

改进的Joltik-BC-128算法的中间相遇攻击

Joltik-BC是在2014年亚密会上发布的一种轻量级可调分组密码算法,该算法采用替换-置换网络(SPN,substitution-permutation network)结构和Tweakey框架。通过研究Joltik-BC算法的内部特征,利用控制调柄差分方法,并结合差分枚举技术和S盒的差分特性,构造了6轮Joltik-BC-128算法的中间相遇区分器。利用此区分器改进了9轮Joltik-BC-128算法的中间相遇攻击结果。改进后的9轮Joltik-BC-128算法的中间相遇攻击的存储复杂度为244.91个长度为64的比特块,时间复杂度为248次9轮Joltik-BC-128加密。相比已有中间相遇攻击结果,该算法的时间复杂度和存储复杂度均显著降低。

基于BC-BiOI/PMS的光催化体系降解恩诺沙星的研究

通过水热法制备生物炭负载碘氧化铋光催化剂(BC-BiOI),并向体系中引入过一硫酸盐(PMS),将光催化和PMS高级氧化技术进行耦合。探讨了光/BC-BiOI/PMS复合体系对恩诺沙星(ENR)的降解效果,考察了反应条件对ENR去除的影响,并深入研究了光/BC-BiOI/PMS复合体系降解ENR的机理。研究表明,光/BC-BiOI/PMS体系对ENR的降解效果良好,在BC-BiOI投加量0.2 g/L、PMS投加量1.0 g/L、pH取7的条件下,ENR降解率可达76%。通过响应面法建模分析pH、BC-BiOI投加量、PMS投加量三因素之间的交互作用,结果表明,各因素对ENR降解的影响顺序为初始pH>PMS投加量>BC-BiOI投加量。根据自由基猝灭实验和电子顺磁共振(EPR)结果可知,体系中的主要活性氧物种为·OH、SO4·-和1O_(2),三者共同氧化降解ENR。重用性实验中,BC-BiOI光催化复合材料循环使用4次仍能保持65%以上的ENR去除率。

一种Deoxys-BC算法的中间相遇攻击方法

Deoxys-BC密码算法是在2014年亚密会上发布的一种轻量级可调分组密码算法,该算法的设计采用SPN结构和TWEAK框架。通过研究Deoxys-BC密码算法的内部特征与密钥扩展的特点,利用控制调柄差分的方法,并结合差分枚举技术和轮密钥调柄差分叠加消除特性,构造6轮Deoxys-BC-256和7轮Deoxys-BC-384的中间相遇区分器。利用此区分器,通过减少猜测的字节量,来达到降低复杂度的效果,改进了9轮Deoxys-BC-256和11轮Deoxys-BC-384中间相遇攻击的结果。相比Deoxys-BC系列密码算法现有的中间相遇攻击结果,该攻击的时间复杂度和存储复杂度均大幅下降。

BC/CS复合水凝胶的3D打印工艺研究

以细菌纤维素(BC)和壳聚糖(CS)为基质的水凝胶同时具有细菌纤维素的高生物相容性和壳聚糖的抗菌性能,在伤口敷料、组织工程等领域获得了广泛的应用,但其3D打印仍面临困难。本文利用BC和CS的物理特性和其交联机制,制备出可用于3D打印的BC/CS复合水凝胶油墨,同时使用纳米粘土作为流变改性剂,提升水凝胶的自支撑能力。对于交联方法,不再采用传统的浸泡方式,使用喷雾器将戊二醛溶液均匀喷洒在打印样品表面,既不会破坏样品的结构,也可以达到交联的目的。接着,构建了一种适合BC/CS复合水凝胶打印的3D打印系统,并在此基础上研究分析了喷头挤出压力、移动速度、打印高度对水凝胶精度的影响。本文提出的方法有望实现BC/CS复合水凝胶的墨水直写(DIW)打印提供指导。

Effect of Modified Biochar with Organic Fertiliser on the Growth and Development of Chinese Rose

In order to reduce the waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by excessive application of chemical fertilizers, improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, and promote the large-scale and high-quality development of the Chinese rose industry. In this experiment, corn stover biochar, phosphoric acid modified biochar and organic fertilizer were used as test materials, and the effects of mixed application of modified biochar and organic fertilizer on the growth and development of Chinese rose as well as soil physicochemical properties were investigated by using the method of pot planting test. The results showed that modified biochar with organic fertilizer had the most significant effect on the enhancement of soil pH, organic matter content and soil carbon-to-nitrogen ratio. After 120 d of planting, modified biochar with organic fertilizer had the most significant effect on the enhancement of plant height and crown width of Chinese rose;both organic fertilizer and modified biochar with organic fertilizer significantly increased the chlorophyll content of Chinese rose. The number of flowers and the number of branches were the highest in the modified biochar with organic fertilizer treatment. In conclusion, the application of modified biochar with organic fertilizer can better improve the soil pH, and increase the soil organic matter content and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio to change the biological traits of Chinese rose. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the reduction of chemical fertilizers and the resource utilization of agricultural wastes and guarantee the sustainable development of the cut flower industry.

Lithium-Metal-Free Sulfur Batteries with Biochar and Steam-Activated Biochar-Based Anodes from Spent Common Ivy

Lithium-sulfur batteries are emerging as sustainable replacements for current lithium-ion batteries.The commercial viability of this novel type of battery is still under debate due to the extensive use of highly reactive lithium-metal anodes and the complex electrochemistry of the sulfur cathode.In this research,a novel sulfur-based battery has been proposed that eliminates the need for metallic lithium anodes and other critical raw materials like cobalt and graphite,replacing them with biomass-derived materials.This approach presents numerous benefits,encompassing ample availability,cost-effectiveness,safety,and environmental friendliness.In particular,two types of biochar-based anode electrodes(non-activated and activated biochar)derived from spent common ivy have been investigated as alternatives to metallic lithium.We compared their structural and electrochemical properties,both of which exhibited good compatibility with the typical electrolytes used in sulfur batteries.Surprisingly,while steam activation results in an increased specific surface area,the non-activated ivy biochar demonstrates better performance than the activated biochar,achieving a stable capacity of 400 mA h g^(−1)at 0.1 A g^(−1)and a long lifespan(>400 cycles at 0.5 A g^(−1)).Our results demonstrate that the presence of heteroatoms,such as oxygen and nitrogen positively affects the capacity and cycling performance of the electrodes.This led to increased d-spacing in the graphitic layer,a strong interaction with the solid electrolyte interphase layer,and improved ion transportation.Finally,the non-activated biochar was successfully coupled with a sulfur cathode to fabricate lithium-metal-free sulfur batteries,delivering a specific energy density of~600 Wh kg^(−1).

TMC BC ROBO 6智能采血系统故障维修3例

简要介绍了TMC BC ROBO 6智能采血系统的工作原理,分析了该设备在日常使用中出现的3例故障的原因,并给出了故障排除方法,为临床工程师排除类似故障提供了参考。

Three-year field study on grass growth and soil hydrological properties in biochar-amended soil

Field monitoring was conducted to investigate and quantify the long-term effects of peanut shell biochar on soil-grass interaction over three years.Three 10 m5 m grassed plots were constructed in completely decomposed granitic soil.Two of them were amended,respectively,with 5%and 10%biochar contents(m^(3)/m^(3))for grass growth,while the third was without biochar amendment.During the threeyear monitoring,plant characteristics,saturated water permeability(k_(s))of grassed soil and soil suction were measured.The monitored results show that the grass leaf area index(LAI)and root length density(RLD)with biochar amendment were improved by 38%and 200%,respectively.In the grassed plot without biochar,a threshold RLD existed with a value of 1.7 cm/cm^(3),beyond which k_(s) raised pronouncedly.The threshold RLD increased by 52%when biochar content increased from 0%to 10%.This implies that biochar may restrict the increase in k_(s) of grassed soil due to the rise in the threshold RLD.The presence of biochar and grass can retain over 100%higher suction after heavy rainfalls,while 54%lower peak suction under evapotranspiration(ET)compared with the non-amended plot.Biochar can alleviate the negative effects on hydraulic properties caused by plant growth and reduce ET-induced excessive water loss.A 5%peanut shell biochar content is recommended for the long-term management of vegetated earthen infrastructures.

Biochar alleviates apple replant disease by reducing the growth of Fusarium oxysporum and regulating microbial communities

Apple replant disease(ARD)negatively affects plant growth and reduces yields in replanted orchards.In this study,biochar was applied to apple replant soil with Fusarium oxysporum.Our aim was to investigate whether biochar could promote plant growth and alleviate apple replant disease by reducing the growth of harmful soil microorganisms,changing soil microbial community structure and improving the soil environment.This experiment included five treatments:apple replant soil(CK),methyl bromide fumigation apple replant soil(FM),replant soil with biochar addition(2%),replant soil with F.oxysporum spore solution(8×10^(7)spores·mL^(-1)),and replant soil with biochar and F.oxysporum spore solution addition.Seedling biomass,the activity of antioxidant enzymes in the leaves and roots,and soil environmental variables were measured.Microbial community composition and community structure were analyzed using 16SrDNA and ITS2 gene sequencing.Biochar significantly reduced the abundance of F.oxysporum and increased soil microbial diversity and richness.Biochar also increased the soil enzyme activities(urease,invertase,neutral phosphatase,and catalase),the biomass(plant height,fresh weight,dry weight)and the activity of antioxidant enzymes(superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,and catalase).The root indexes of apple seedlings was also increased in replant soil by biochar.In sum,biochar promoted the growth of plants,improved the replant soil environment,and alleviated apple replant disease.

Effect of Biochar Type and Bradyrhizobium japonicum Seed Inoculation on Soybean Growth, Nodulation and Yield in a Tropical Ferric Acrisol

In tropical environments, most soybean growth studies have utilized rice husk biochar (RHB) in soil, even though it is low in nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorous. This may not give short-term agronomic performance relative to enriched biochar. Moreover, the impact of inoculating soybean seeds with atmospheric nitrogen-fixing bacterium Bradyrhizobium japonicum on nodulation and grain yield has produced inconclusive findings in the literature. This research therefore aims to assess the effect of poultry manure (PM), poultry manure biochar (PMB) and RHB alone and in combinations on grain yield, dry shoot and root biomass of soybeans in the semi-deciduous agro-ecological zone. In addition, the effect of B. japonicum inoculated and non-inoculated soybean seeds on nodulation and grain yield was also investigated. The treatments followed a split plot design studying inoculation and non-inoculation, soil amendments (eight), and control subplot factors, respectively. The results show that the amendment of a ferric acrisol with 4 Mg∙ha−1 PM, 10 Mg∙ha−1 RHB + 2 Mg∙ha−1 PM, and 5 Mg∙ha−1 RHB + 4 Mg∙ha−1 PMB with B. japonicum inoculated seed produced significantly greater grain yield (p = 0.05). PM treatment had a significant (p B. japonicum-inoculated soybean seeds significantly (p = 0.014) increased soybean nodulation. This study suggests that RHB combined with PM or PMB provides a beneficial source of N, P, and K, resulting in improved soybean yield and nodulation in a tropical ferric acrisol.

Feasibility Evaluation of Using Biochar-based Permeable Reactive Barrier for the Remediation of Mercury and Arsenic Composite Polluted Water Bodies

This study employed a modified biochar material to construct a permeable reactive barrier(PRB)for the treatment of water bodies polluted with mercury and arsenic.The experimental results demonstrated that the addition of goethite-modified biochar significantly enhanced the remediation efficiency of As(III),achieving a maximum removal rate of 100%.Conversely,pure biochar exhibited high efficiency in the removal of Hg(II),with a maximum removal rate approaching 100%.Furthermore,the pH level of the water significantly influenced the adsorption efficiency of heavy metal ions,with the optimal removal performance observed at a pH of 6.0.The PRB system demonstrated excellent removal rates under low concentrations of heavy metals.However,as the concentration increased,the remediation efficiency exhibited a slight decrease.In summary,the findings of this study provide compelling evidence for the use of modified biochar in the construction of PRBs for the remediation of mercury and arsenic-polluted water bodies.Furthermore,the study reveals the mechanism by which pH and heavy metal concentration influence remediation efficiency.