Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phyt...Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens and was determined as a biocontrol agent, which was produced by solid state fermentation using grape marc and wine lees. The maximum yield of T. viride conidia was up to 6.65 × 10^9 CFU/g initial dry substrate （IDS） after 10 d fermentation. As important enzymes for protecting plants from disease, chitinase, β-glucanase, and pectinase yields were 47.8 U/g IDS, 8.32 U/g IDS and 9.83 U/g IDS, respectively. These results show that it is feasible to convert winery wastes to a value-added and environmental friendly biocontrol agent.展开更多
Bacillus thuringiensis Bt185 and its insecticidal spectrum-expanded engineering strains are considered as potential biocontrol agents to soil insect Holotrichia parallela,Holotrichia oblita or Anomala corpulenta.Here ...Bacillus thuringiensis Bt185 and its insecticidal spectrum-expanded engineering strains are considered as potential biocontrol agents to soil insect Holotrichia parallela,Holotrichia oblita or Anomala corpulenta.Here we reported the complete genome of strain Bt185,it harbors eight plasmids,and plasmid p BT1850294 carries three cry8 genes.展开更多
Fungi and bacteria as insecticides have been tested to control forest pests for more than ten years, they are the saine kind of biocontrol agent with the different conentrations. thesame kind of the biocontrol agent w...Fungi and bacteria as insecticides have been tested to control forest pests for more than ten years, they are the saine kind of biocontrol agent with the different conentrations. thesame kind of the biocontrol agent with the different origin areas, and the mixtures of the different kinds of biocontrol agents. The infection mechanism of virus was discussed. moreover. the mfluence of these biocontrol agents on the small animals was also evaluated.展开更多
A phyllosphere bacterial strain EBL-06 was isolated from wheat leaves. The morphology, cultural characteristics, phospholipid fatty acids, physiological and antagonistic fungus activities of this strain were investiga...A phyllosphere bacterial strain EBL-06 was isolated from wheat leaves. The morphology, cultural characteristics, phospholipid fatty acids, physiological and antagonistic fungus activities of this strain were investigated. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16S rDNA sequences of the relevant bacteria. The results showed that the isolate EBL-06 was a strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa; this strain performed a high level of antagonistic fungus activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Fusarium spp. The isolate EBL-06 can grow well using monosodium glutamate wastewater （MGW） and potato wastewater （PW） as culture medium. The maximum yield of 6.5 × 10^9 CFU/mL of the isolate EBL-06 anti-fungus biocontrol agent was reached in 15 hr cultivation at 28℃, pH 6.0-7.5 using the mixture of MGW and PW （1：9）.展开更多
Trichoderma species have shown efficiency on biocontrol of phytopathogens.For commercial application,it must be propagated in mass scale using a cost-effective method.As an alternative way to effectively deliver bioco...Trichoderma species have shown efficiency on biocontrol of phytopathogens.For commercial application,it must be propagated in mass scale using a cost-effective method.As an alternative way to effectively deliver biocontrol fungi inoculum to the field;seven agro-based wastes including rice bran,biochar,empty fruit bunches,coconut fibre,compost,topsoil and mixed soil were used in this study for evaluating mass multiplication of Trichoderma species.Based on the evaluation of colony-forming units(cfu)among the agro-based waste media used,coconut fibre is the most suitable in promoting the sporulation of Trichoderma asperellum and T.harzianum.Trichoderma asperellum C1667 showed the higher micropropagule count through incubation period compared to T.harzianum C1675.After 120 days on the agro-based waste media,T.asperellum C1667 and T.harzianum C1675 produced the highest(7.717×10^(5)cfu/g and 6.836±13.79×10^(5)cfu/g)coconut fibres,respectively.Meanwhile,the mixed soil appeared with the lowest cfu.Coconut fibres were shown as a great biocomposting medium for both Trichoderma species.Findings of the present study are valuable for disease management using agro-based wastes as a cost-effective medium for biocontrol agents like Trichoderma species.展开更多
Biological control(biocontrol) is a safe, sustainable approach that takes advantage of natural enemies such as predators, parasitic insects or pathogens to manage pests in agroecosystems. Parasitoid wasps, a very larg...Biological control(biocontrol) is a safe, sustainable approach that takes advantage of natural enemies such as predators, parasitic insects or pathogens to manage pests in agroecosystems. Parasitoid wasps, a very large evolutionary group of hymenopteran insects, are well-known biological control agents for arthropod pests in agricultural and forest ecosystems. Here, we summarize the recent progress on the application of parasitoid wasps in biocontrol in China for the last five years. These include species diversity of parasitoid wasps, identification of dominant parasitoid wasps associated with insect pests and biocontrol practices(three types of biological control, i.e., classical, augmentative and conservation biological control) in several Chinese agroecosystems. We then treat different mass-rearing and release technologies and the commercialization of several parasitoid wasp species. We also summarize other work that may have a potential use in biocontrol, including the effect of plant volatiles on parasitoids and recent advance in the molecular mechanisms underlying the host regulation by parasitoid wasps. Future research area and applied perspectives are also discussed, noting that advances in biocontrol technologies in Chinese agriculture informs research at the global level.展开更多
Fusarium dry rot is considered to be the most critical soilborne and postharvest disease that damages potato tubers worldwide when they are stored for a long time.This study was performed to demonstrate the effect of ...Fusarium dry rot is considered to be the most critical soilborne and postharvest disease that damages potato tubers worldwide when they are stored for a long time.This study was performed to demonstrate the effect of crude extract,culture filtrate,and cell suspension obtained from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis Hussain T-AMU,on the net house and field.From oil-contaminated soil,through the serial dilution method,biosurfactant bacteria were isolated on nutrient agar medium.To isolate and screen the prospective biosurfactant strain,various biosurfactant screening methods were used.Standard protocols were carried out for morphological,molecular,and chemical characterization.The disease incidences were significantly decreased under net house and field conditions after treatment with biosurfactant extract(20%,70%),culture filtrate(23%,49%),and bacterial cell suspension(46%,27%),respectively.These results indicate a significant effect of B.subtilis HussainT-AMU against Fusarium oxysporum.The characterization of the partially purified extract by gas-chromatography indicated the existence of a high amount of methyl ester fatty acids.The quantitative analysis determined the presence of lipopeptide-surfactin,fengycin,and iturin in the biosurfactant extract.Scanning electron microscopy revealed that morphological variation was revealed in the structure of stomata size in leaves and in the mycelia of the pathogen that was investigated.This promising biocontrol agent can be a plausible option for further research and can also be used for the production of green biomolecules at an additional industrial level.展开更多
基金supported by the Australian Research Council International Linkage Fellowship(No.LX0560210)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30600082).
文摘Biocontrol agents are safe and environmental friendly alternatives for pesticides in agriculture application. Trichoderma viride WEBL0703 performed a high level of antagonistic activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens and was determined as a biocontrol agent, which was produced by solid state fermentation using grape marc and wine lees. The maximum yield of T. viride conidia was up to 6.65 × 10^9 CFU/g initial dry substrate （IDS） after 10 d fermentation. As important enzymes for protecting plants from disease, chitinase, β-glucanase, and pectinase yields were 47.8 U/g IDS, 8.32 U/g IDS and 9.83 U/g IDS, respectively. These results show that it is feasible to convert winery wastes to a value-added and environmental friendly biocontrol agent.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31301731, 31428020)the National Science and Technology Major Project (2014ZX08009013B)
文摘Bacillus thuringiensis Bt185 and its insecticidal spectrum-expanded engineering strains are considered as potential biocontrol agents to soil insect Holotrichia parallela,Holotrichia oblita or Anomala corpulenta.Here we reported the complete genome of strain Bt185,it harbors eight plasmids,and plasmid p BT1850294 carries three cry8 genes.
文摘Fungi and bacteria as insecticides have been tested to control forest pests for more than ten years, they are the saine kind of biocontrol agent with the different conentrations. thesame kind of the biocontrol agent with the different origin areas, and the mixtures of the different kinds of biocontrol agents. The infection mechanism of virus was discussed. moreover. the mfluence of these biocontrol agents on the small animals was also evaluated.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30600082)the Knowledge Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No.KSCX2-YW-G-054-2)the Key Technologies R&D Program of China (No. 2008BADA7B01)
文摘A phyllosphere bacterial strain EBL-06 was isolated from wheat leaves. The morphology, cultural characteristics, phospholipid fatty acids, physiological and antagonistic fungus activities of this strain were investigated. A phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing with the published 16S rDNA sequences of the relevant bacteria. The results showed that the isolate EBL-06 was a strain of Paenibacillus polymyxa; this strain performed a high level of antagonistic fungus activity toward a broad spectrum of phytopathogens, such as Botrytis cinerea, Cladosporium cucumerinum, Fusarium spp. The isolate EBL-06 can grow well using monosodium glutamate wastewater （MGW） and potato wastewater （PW） as culture medium. The maximum yield of 6.5 × 10^9 CFU/mL of the isolate EBL-06 anti-fungus biocontrol agent was reached in 15 hr cultivation at 28℃, pH 6.0-7.5 using the mixture of MGW and PW （1：9）.
基金supported by the Putra Grant(IPS),Universiti Putra Malaysia[grant numbers UPM/700-2/1/GP-IPS/2017/9577700].
文摘Trichoderma species have shown efficiency on biocontrol of phytopathogens.For commercial application,it must be propagated in mass scale using a cost-effective method.As an alternative way to effectively deliver biocontrol fungi inoculum to the field;seven agro-based wastes including rice bran,biochar,empty fruit bunches,coconut fibre,compost,topsoil and mixed soil were used in this study for evaluating mass multiplication of Trichoderma species.Based on the evaluation of colony-forming units(cfu)among the agro-based waste media used,coconut fibre is the most suitable in promoting the sporulation of Trichoderma asperellum and T.harzianum.Trichoderma asperellum C1667 showed the higher micropropagule count through incubation period compared to T.harzianum C1675.After 120 days on the agro-based waste media,T.asperellum C1667 and T.harzianum C1675 produced the highest(7.717×10^(5)cfu/g and 6.836±13.79×10^(5)cfu/g)coconut fibres,respectively.Meanwhile,the mixed soil appeared with the lowest cfu.Coconut fibres were shown as a great biocomposting medium for both Trichoderma species.Findings of the present study are valuable for disease management using agro-based wastes as a cost-effective medium for biocontrol agents like Trichoderma species.
基金supported by the Key Program(31630060)Fund for Excellent Young Scholars(31230068)General Program(31672079 and 31501700) of the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Biological control(biocontrol) is a safe, sustainable approach that takes advantage of natural enemies such as predators, parasitic insects or pathogens to manage pests in agroecosystems. Parasitoid wasps, a very large evolutionary group of hymenopteran insects, are well-known biological control agents for arthropod pests in agricultural and forest ecosystems. Here, we summarize the recent progress on the application of parasitoid wasps in biocontrol in China for the last five years. These include species diversity of parasitoid wasps, identification of dominant parasitoid wasps associated with insect pests and biocontrol practices(three types of biological control, i.e., classical, augmentative and conservation biological control) in several Chinese agroecosystems. We then treat different mass-rearing and release technologies and the commercialization of several parasitoid wasp species. We also summarize other work that may have a potential use in biocontrol, including the effect of plant volatiles on parasitoids and recent advance in the molecular mechanisms underlying the host regulation by parasitoid wasps. Future research area and applied perspectives are also discussed, noting that advances in biocontrol technologies in Chinese agriculture informs research at the global level.
基金Science and Engineering Research Board(SERB)Govt.of India,New Delhi,under File No.SERB-DST-NPDF/2016/001409.
文摘Fusarium dry rot is considered to be the most critical soilborne and postharvest disease that damages potato tubers worldwide when they are stored for a long time.This study was performed to demonstrate the effect of crude extract,culture filtrate,and cell suspension obtained from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis Hussain T-AMU,on the net house and field.From oil-contaminated soil,through the serial dilution method,biosurfactant bacteria were isolated on nutrient agar medium.To isolate and screen the prospective biosurfactant strain,various biosurfactant screening methods were used.Standard protocols were carried out for morphological,molecular,and chemical characterization.The disease incidences were significantly decreased under net house and field conditions after treatment with biosurfactant extract(20%,70%),culture filtrate(23%,49%),and bacterial cell suspension(46%,27%),respectively.These results indicate a significant effect of B.subtilis HussainT-AMU against Fusarium oxysporum.The characterization of the partially purified extract by gas-chromatography indicated the existence of a high amount of methyl ester fatty acids.The quantitative analysis determined the presence of lipopeptide-surfactin,fengycin,and iturin in the biosurfactant extract.Scanning electron microscopy revealed that morphological variation was revealed in the structure of stomata size in leaves and in the mycelia of the pathogen that was investigated.This promising biocontrol agent can be a plausible option for further research and can also be used for the production of green biomolecules at an additional industrial level.
