Multi-scale Modeling and Finite Element Analyses of Thermal Conductivity of 3D C/SiC Composites Fabricating by Flexible-Oriented Woven Process

Thermal conductivity is one of the most significant criterion of three-dimensional carbon fiber-reinforced SiC matrix composites(3D C/SiC).Represent volume element(RVE)models of microscale,void/matrix and mesoscale proposed in this work are used to simulate the thermal conductivity behaviors of the 3D C/SiC composites.An entirely new process is introduced to weave the preform with three-dimensional orthogonal architecture.The 3D steady-state analysis step is created for assessing the thermal conductivity behaviors of the composites by applying periodic temperature boundary conditions.Three RVE models of cuboid,hexagonal and fiber random distribution are respectively developed to comparatively study the influence of fiber package pattern on the thermal conductivities at the microscale.Besides,the effect of void morphology on the thermal conductivity of the matrix is analyzed by the void/matrix models.The prediction results at the mesoscale correspond closely to the experimental values.The effect of the porosities and fiber volume fractions on the thermal conductivities is also taken into consideration.The multi-scale models mentioned in this paper can be used to predict the thermal conductivity behaviors of other composites with complex structures.

The construction and practice of humanistic care teaching model based on 5C care theory

Objective:To construct a scientific and feasible teaching mode based on 5C caring theory and evaluate it,so as to provide a reference basis for future study about nursing humanistic quality education.Methods:Based on the 5C caring theory,the teaching design and teaching content were revising and implementing in the intervention group.Before and after the implementation of the course,a questionnaire survey was conducted using the Caring Ability Inventory(CAI).The results of the surveys were collected,and the data were statistically analysis using SPSS.Results:After the implementation of the course,the cognitive dimension,patience dimension,and humanistic caring ability scores of the nursing students in the intervention group improved compared with those before the implementation of the course(P<0.05).There were no significant difference in the control group(P>0.05).Conclusion:The humanistic caring teaching model based on 5C caring theory has a positive effect on improving nursing students'humanistic caring ability.In the future nursing teaching,the modules with the characteristics of humanistic caring ability can be increased,and carry out the educational reform throughout the humanistic caring ability.Actively guiding nursing students to establish the awareness of humanistic caring,so as to lay a solid foundation for high-quality clinical nursing work.

Impulsive Logistic Model for Gray Leaf Spots Caused by Cercospora zeae-maydi

[ Objectlve] Impulsive Logistic Model was used to simulate epidemic process of Gray Leaf Spots caused by C. zeae-maydi. [ Method] The pathogen was inoculated in different maize varieties, and the incidence were observed and recorded. Impulsive Logistic Model was used to simulate the development process of the disease, which was compared with actual incidence. [ Result] Artificial inoculation tests showed that impulsive Logistic Model could reflect time dynamic of C. zeae-maydi. Through derivation, exponential growth phase was from maize seedling emergence to eady July in each year, logistic phase was from early July to late August, terminal phase was from eady September to the end of maize growth stage. [ Conclusion] The derivation result from model was consistent with the development biological laws of C. zeae-maydi.

Reliability Analysis of a Mixed Redundant Model in C 3I System

Aim To define a mixed redundant model(MRM), improving the reliability of C 3I system. Methods The model combined the technology characters of two? unit system with one warm stand by unit and function substitute system. The reliability and availability equations of MRM were deduced. Results and Conclusion Compared with several other reliability models, it has obvious effect upon improving the system reliability. The effect? cost rate is very high among these models. The model can be used in reliability design, evaluation and check of C 3I system. Only a little attached cost is needed to improve C 3I system reliability effectively.

基于Model/View/Controller的电子商务研究

分析了传统电子商务系统的缺陷 ,电子商务发展趋势 ,分析了M/V/C(Model/View/Controller)技术 ,提出了基于M/V/C电子商务并且分析了其体系结构及框架结构 ,以及在此框架之上构建电子商务的方法。

基于Biome-BGC模型的千烟洲森林水分利用效率研究

【目的】为了探究全球气候变化背景下森林生态系统水分利用效率的影响因子及其对气候变化的响应。【方法】本文利用经PEST模型参数优化后的Biome-BGC模型,对千烟洲森林生态系统2000—2014(CK)年以及不同气候情景变化模式下的水分利用效率及其影响因子进行了探究。【结果】(1)千烟洲的年均温和最大叶面积指数同水分利用效率呈显著正相关关系(P <0.01),降水同水分利用效率间的相关性不显著(P> 0.05)。(2)千烟洲不同情景模式水分利用效率的取值区间是2.09～3.71 g/kg、均值2.90 g/kg。(3)同CK(2.18～2.57 g/kg、均值2.38 g/kg)相比,千烟洲各情景模式下大气CO_2浓度增加情景(2.38～3.41 g/kg、均值2.90 g/kg)、降水和大气CO_2浓度同时增加情景(2.38～3.33 g/kg、均值2.86 g/kg)、气温和大气CO_2浓度同时增加情景(2.58～3.71 g/kg、均值3.15 g/kg)、降水和气温同时增加(2.30～2.84 g/kg、均值2.57 g/kg)及降水、气温和大气CO_2浓度同时增加情景(2.70～3.60 g/kg、均值3.15 g/kg)的水分利用效率差异显著。但是,降水增加情景(2.09～2.68 g/kg、均值2.39 g/kg)和气温增加情景(2.13～2.81 g/kg、均值2.47 g/kg)对水分利用效率的影响不显著。(4)降水和大气CO_2浓度同时增加情景与大气CO_2浓度增加情景的水分利用效率差异不显著,气温和大气CO_2浓度同时增加情景与大气CO_2浓度增加情景的水分利用效率差异显著。【结论】(1)千烟洲森林生态系统的水分利用效率受到气温和叶面积指数的影响,情景分析表明水分利用效率能很好的对气候变化做出响应。(2)降水、气温和大气CO_2浓度对水分利用效率的影响存在耦合效应。(3)增温对水分利用效率的影响要大于降水。

The quantified analysis of China's GM cotton yield capacity by C-D function and stochastic frontier model

Using a modified C D function and stochastic frontier model, the paper analyzed China's cotton yield capacity and found that the yield and technical efficiency of China's cotton planting system can be increased by the use of genetically modified (GM) varieties.

INFLUENCE OF VIRTUAL PHOTON FIELD ON COLLAPSE AND REVIVAL PHENOMENON IN TWO PHOTON J C MODEL WITHOUT RWA

The time evolution of system in two photon Jaynes Cummings (J C) model without rotating waves approximation (RWA) is obtained by using the theory of ordinary differential equations. Based on the evolution, the mean value of the atom inversion operator 〈 S 3(t)〉 is gi ven. The influence of the “counter rotating term” on the collapse and revival phenomenon is discussed from the comparison between the cases with RWA and without RWA. It shows that the influence of the virtual photon field makes the quantum fluctuations appear on the collapse and revival phenomenon.

陆地高分辨率水文—生物地球化学过程CNMM-DNDC三维模型的研发及应用进展

CNMM-DNDC模型是本文作者团队研发的陆地高分辨率水文—生物地球化学过程三维模型。本文系统介绍了建模背景和理念、核心过程和模型特点、模拟功能和观测验证、多尺度区域或流域初步应用以及未来发展展望。自2018年刊发首个版本以来,该模型经过了多方面科学过程改进和模拟功能扩展,在元素化学反应、物质相变和机械迁移等基本物理、化学、生物过程层面,完成了对陆地表层系统碳氮磷水循环全耦合的精细刻画。迄今开展的观测验证表明,CNMM-DNDC模型基本普适于不同生物气候带(从热带到寒区多年冻土地带)的流域或区域长时间序列“三高”(时间、空间和过程高分辨率)综合模拟,实现对陆地生态系统的碳、氮、磷、水三维运移、水土流失、水力驱动溶解态和颗粒态碳氮磷横向迁移、碳氮温室气体和污染气体排放、生态系统生产力、水分蒸散发和水分能量平衡等众多可持续发展目标表征变量的预测。该模型广泛推广应用于多尺度区域或流域的复杂过程虚拟科学试验研究和服务于面向生态环境建设与减污降碳的优化调控决策,可望为协同落实联合国多个可持续发展目标提供先进的数值模拟技术支撑。

Study of heteroserum-induced rat liver fibrosis model and its mechanism

AIM To investigate the morphological changes in the process of heteroserum induced rat liver fibrosis and the mechanism of fibrogenesis of this model. METHODS A model of heteroserum induced rat liver fibrosis was established by intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum. In addition to the observation of the morphological changes of this model, the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells were measured quantitatively and the deposition of IgG and complement C 3 was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS The rat liver fibrosis was induced successfully at the end of the 8th week after the injection of heteroserum. Besides the increase of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) during the process of liver fibrosis, proliferation and activation of primary mesenchyma cells (PMCs) were also found. In the early stage, the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells was significantly increased and the deposition of IgG and complement C 3 was positive in the portal tracts and septa, while gradually reduced after the injection was stopped. CONCLUSIONS This model is suitable for the research on liver fibrogenesis; the pathogenesis of this model may be related with the allergen induced late phase reaction (LPR) caused by the injection of heteroserum, and the HSCs and the PMCs are important sources of ECM producing cells.

A spatial-explicit dynamic vegetation model that couples carbon,water,and nitrogen processes for arid and semiarid ecosystems

Arid and semiarid ecosystems, or dryland, are important to global biogeochemical cycles. Dryland＇s community structure and vegetation dynamics as well as biogeochemical cycles are sensitive to changes in climate and atmospheric composition. Vegetation dynamic models has been applied in global change studies, but the com- plex interactions among the carbon （C）, water, and nitrogen （N） cycles have not been adequately addressed in the current models. In this study, a process-based vegetation dynamic model was developed to study the responses of dryland ecosystems to environmental changes, emphasizing on the interactions among the C, water, and N proc- esses. To address the interactions between the C and water processes, it not only considers the effects of annual precipitation on vegetation distribution and soil moisture on organic matter （SOM） decomposition, but also explicitly models root competition for water and the water compensation processes. To address the interactions between C and N processes, it models the soil inorganic mater processes, such as N mineralization/immobilization, denitrifica- tion/nitrification, and N leaching, as well as the root competition for soil N. The model was parameterized for major plant functional types and evaluated against field observations.

Diagnostic non-invasive model of large risky esophageal varices in cirrhotic hepatitis C virus patients

AIM To build a diagnostic non-invasive model for screening of large varices in cirrhotic hepatitis C virus(HCV) patients. METHODS This study was conducted on 124 post-HCV cirrhotic patients presenting to the clinics of the Endemic Medicine Department at Mansoura University Hospital for evaluation before HCV antiviral therapy: 78 were Child A and 46 were Child B(score ≤ 8). Inclusion criteria for patients enrolled in this study was presence of cirrhotic HCV(diagnosed by either biopsy or fulfillment of clinical basis). Exclusion criteria consisted of patients with other etiologies of liver cirrhosis, e.g., hepatitis B virus and patients with high MELD score on transplant list. All patients were subjected to full medical record, full basic investigations, endoscopy, and computed tomography(CT), and then divided into groups with no varices, small varices, or large risky varices. In addition, values of Fibrosis-4 score(FIB-4), aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index(APRI), and platelet count/splenic diameter ratio(PC/SD) were also calculated.RESULTS Detection of large varies is a multi-factorial process, affected by many variables. Choosing binary logistic regression, dependent factors were either large or small varices while independent factors included CT variables such coronary vein diameter, portal vein(PV) diameter, lieno-renal shunt and other laboratory noninvasive variables namely FIB-4, APRI, and platelet count/splenic diameter. Receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve was plotted to determine the accuracy of non-invasive parameters for predicting the presence of large esophageal varices and the area under the ROC curve for each one of these parameters was obtained. A model was established and the best model for prediction of large risky esophageal varices used both PC/SD and PV diameter(75% accuracy), while the logistic model equation was shown to be(PV diameter ×-0.256) plus(PC/SD ×-0.006) plus(8.155). Values nearing 2 or more denote large varices.CONCLUSION This model equation has 86.9% sensitivity and 57.1% specificity, and would be of clinical applicability with 75% accuracy.

Three-Dimensional Reconstructed Finite Element Model for C/C Composites by Micro-CT

The precise microscopic feature of carbon-carbon（C/C） composites is essential {or an accurate predic tion of their mechanical behavior. After fabrication, actual microscopic feature differs from simple ideal spatial model. Micro computed lomography（CT） scan can well describe internal microstruetures of composites. Therefore, a reconstructed model is developed based on mireo-CT, by a series of prodcedures including extrac tlng components, generating new binary images and establishing a finite element （FE） model. Compared with the model designed by reconstructed commercial software MIMICS. the presented reconstructed FE model is superior in terms of high mesh quality and eontrollable mesh cluantity. The precision of the model is verified by experiment.

啦啦操阿拉C杠难度动作的力学原理及其应用

阿拉C杠属于啦啦操转体类难度,在啦啦操成套动作中有着至关重要的地位。为探明阿拉C杠的力学原理,为其训练方法和评价标准提供科学依据,本文以机器人学理论为基础建立了阿拉C杠运动过程的人体模型,并对运动过程进行了运动规划和运动学仿真。然后应用拉格朗日方程建立了阿拉C杠动作的动力学模型,针对一种理想的运动状态对阿拉C杠运动过程中人体各主要关节的驱动力进行了分析。最后,根据动力学仿真结果对比了双臂开合、单臂开合和大小T三种手部动作对身体各关节驱动力的影响。分析结果表明,动力腿是阿拉C杠动作的主要动力来源,动力腿髋关节的驱动力不受手部动作的影响。在双臂开合、单臂开合和大小T三种手部动作中,大小T需要的关节驱动力最小。本文为阿拉C杠的训练与评价提供了理论依据,可供练习者在训练过程中参考使用。

Chronic model of tympanic perforation in rats with mitomycin C and dexamethasone

A rat model of chronic tympanic membrane perforation was developed to be used in the search of new materials for the sealing of these perforations. A longitudinal study was carried out in rats subjected to incisional myr-ingotomy followed by the application of mitomycin C alone or with dexamethasone. Rats were checked at days 3, 7,1 0,1 4 and weekly thereafter until perforation closure, for up to 6 months. The addition of dexamethasone is a key component in order to obtain a chronic opening. Myringotomies treated w ith saline had a mean healing time of 8.5 days. At 8 weeks, between 62.5% and 77.7% of tympanic membranes treated w ith mitomycin C and dexamethasone remained perforated and at 6 months this number fell to 21.4%. This technique is able to maintain most tympanic membrane perforations patent for at least 8 weeks. This rat model is adequate for its use in preclinical or translational research.

Lipopolysaccharide mouse models for Parkinson's disease research:a critical appraisal

Parkinson's disease,the most common movement disorder,has a strong neuroinflammatory aspect.This is evident by increased pro-inflammatory cytokines in the serum,and the presence of activated microglial cells,and inflammatory cytokines in the substantia nigra of post-mortem brains as well as cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson's disease patients.The central and peripheral neuroinflammatory aspects of Parkinson's disease can be investigated in vivo via administration of the inflammagen lipopolysaccharide,a component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria.In this mini-review,we will critically evaluate different routes of lipopolysaccharide administration(including intranasal systemic and ste reotasic),their relevance to clinical Parkinson's disease as well as the recent findings in lipopolysaccharide mouse models.We will also share our own expe riences with systemic and intrastriatal lipopolysaccharide models in C57BL/6 mice and will discuss the usefulness of lipopolysaccharide mouse models for future research in the field.

胃癌模型大鼠胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT的表达意义及其与胃癌病变程度的相关性

目的探讨胃癌模型大鼠胃黏膜组织细胞周期蛋白D1(cyclinD1)、c-Myc、CKIT的表达意义及其与胃癌病变程度的相关性。方法选择48只健康成年雌性大鼠,按照随机数字表法将其分为对照组、研究1组、研究2组、研究3组,每组各12只。研究1组、研究2组、研究3组均制备成胃癌模型。对照组给予等量0.9%氯化钠溶液,第24周处死取材;研究1组、研究2组、研究3组制备成胃癌大鼠后分别于第8、16、24周取材。分析各组大鼠一般情况及胃黏膜组织病理切片,采用蛋白质印迹法检测胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT蛋白的表达,采用逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)法测定胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT mRNA的表达,采用Spearman分析法测定胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT表达与胃癌病变程度相关性。结果对照组大鼠胃黏膜完整正常,外膜层、肌层、黏膜下层、黏膜层等结构清晰,且无炎症细胞浸润;研究1组大鼠胃黏膜组织与对照组大鼠接近,不存在炎症细胞,且黏膜腺体结构基本正常;研究2组大鼠胃黏膜组织存在破损,细胞核变大,基底部部分腺体细胞形态异常,存在轻度异型性,为早期胃癌;研究3组大鼠胃黏膜组织增加破损,核质比变大,细胞形态不规则,部分腺体存在扩张,黏膜下层及肌层存在炎症细胞浸润,为胃癌进展期。研究1组、研究2组、研究3组胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT蛋白均呈显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT蛋白在研究1组、研究2组、研究3组中逐渐升高趋势。研究1组、研究2组、研究3组胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT mRNA均呈显著高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT mRNA在研究1组、研究2组、研究3组中逐渐升高趋势。采用Spearman相关性结果分析显示,胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT表达与胃癌病变程度呈正相关(r=0.382、0.781、0.993,均P<0.001)。结论胃癌模型大鼠胃黏膜组织Cyclin D1、c-Myc、CKIT呈高表达,其与胃癌病变程度密切相关。

Risk prediction models for hepatocellular carcinoma in different populations

Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a malignant disease with limited therapeutic options due to its aggressive progression. It places heaW burden on most low and middle income countries to treat HCC patients. Nowadays accurate HCC risk predictions can help making decisions on the need for HCC surveillance and antiviral therapy. HCC risk prediction models based on major risk factors of HCC are useful and helpful in providing adequate surveillance strategies to individuals who have different risk levels. Several risk prediction models among cohorts of different populations for estimating HCC incidence have been presented recently by using simple, efficient, and ready-to-use parameters. Moreover, using predictive scoring systems to assess HCC development can provide suggestions to improve clinical and public health approaches, making them more cost-effective and effort-effective, for inducing personalized surveillance programs according to risk stratification. In this review, the features of risk prediction models of HCC across different populations were summarized, and the perspectives of HCC risk prediction models were discussed as well.

Domain-specific modeling and verification for C4ISR capability requirements

An approach was proposed to specify the C4ISR capability of domain-specific modeling language.To confine the domain modeling within a standard architecture framework,formally a C4ISR capability meta-ontology was defined according to the meta-model of DoD Architecture Framework.The meta-ontology is used for extending UML Profile so that the domain experts can model the C4ISR domains using the C4ISR capability meta-concepts to define a domain-specific modeling language.The domain models can be then checked to guarantee the consistency and completeness through converting the UML models into the Description Logic ontology and making use of inference engine Pellet to verify the ontology.

Retrospective analysis of hepatitis C infected patients treated through an integrated care model

AIM To determine if our health system's integrated model reflects sustained virologic response(SVR) outcomes similar to those in clinical trial data, maximizes adherence, and averts drug interactions.METHODS Subjects with chronic hepatitis C had their medical records reviewed from November 1st, 2014 through March 1st, 2016. Patients eligible for treatment were entered into an integrated care model therapy algorithm. The primary outcome was SVR12 based on intention to treat(ITT) analysis. Inclusion criteria consisted of both treatment na?ve and experienced patients over the age of 18 who were at least twelve weeks post-therapy completion with any genotype(GT) or METAVIR score. Secondary outcomes included adherence, adverse events, and number of drug interaction interventions.RESULTS At the time of analysis, 133 patients had reached twelve weeks post therapy with ITT. In the ITT analysis 70 patients were GT 1a, 26 GT 1b, 23 could not be differentiated between GT 1a or 1b, 8 GT 2, 4 GT 3, and 2 patients with multiple genotypes. The ITT treatment regimens consisted of 97 sofosbuvir(SOF)/ledipasvir(LDV), 8 SOF/LDV and ribavirin(RBV), 7 SOFand Simeprevir(SMV), 6 3D and RBV, 1 3D, 11 SOF and RBV, and 1 SOF, peg interferon alpha, and RBV. The overall SVR12 rate was 93% in the ITT analysis with a total of 6 patients relapsing. In patients with cirrhosis, 89% obtained SVR12. All 33 patients who were previous treatment failures achieved SVR12. Drug-drug interactions were identified in 56.4% of our patient population, 69 of which required interventions made by the pharmacist. The most common side effects were fatigue(41.4%), headache(28.6%), nausea(18.1%), and diarrhea(8.3%). No serious adverse effects were reported.CONCLUSION Dean Health System's integrated care model successfully managed patients being treated for hepatitis C virus(HCV). The integrated care model demonstrates high SVR rates amongst patients with different levels of fibrosis, genotypes, and HCV treatment history.