Effects of Different Application Rates of Bioorganic Fertilizer on the Growth of Spinach in a Short Term

[Objectives]This study was conducted to promote the rational use of bioorganic fertilizers.[Methods]Stanley bioorganic fertilizer was selected to investigate the laws and characteristics of the effects of bioorganic fertilizer on spinach growth with different application rates in a short term and found out the precise application rate.[Results]As the application rate of bioorganic fertilizer increasing,the emergence rate of spinach decreased.The total weights and leaf areas of spinach plants treated with different application rates of bioorganic fertilizers were all higher than those of the control check(CK).The total weights and leaf areas of spinach plants applied with bioorganic fertilizer at different rates were all higher than those of the CK.The total weight of spinach plants increased linearly with the application rate of bioorganic fertilizer increasing among treatments,while the leaf area fluctuated with the increase of bioorganic fertilizer concentration among various treatments.The average root volumes and average diameters of treatments applied with bioorganic fertilizer at different rates were all higher than those in the CK,but the average root length showed a different trend.The average root length was higher in the CK than in various bioorganic fertilizer treatments in the early growth period,but the differences of various treatments from the CK gradually decreased in the middle period,and in the later period,the root length of spinach treated with organic fertilizer gradually exceeded the CK.[Conclusions]This study provides a theoretical basis for the rational application of bioorganic fertilizers in spinach production.

Advances in bioorganic molecules inspired degradation and surface modifications on Mg and its alloys

Mg alloys possess biodegradability,suitable mechanical properties,and biocompatibility,which make them possible to be used as biodegradable implants.However,the uncontrollable degradation of Mg alloys limits their general applications.In addition to the factors from the metallic materials themselves,like alloy compositions,heat treatment process and microstructure,some external factors,relating to the test/service environment,also affect the degradation rate of Mg alloys,such as inorganic salts,bioorganic small molecules,bioorganic macromolecules.The influence of bioorganic molecules on Mg corrosion and its protection has attracted more and more attentions.In this work,the cutting-edge advances in the influence of bioorganic molecules(i.e.,protein,glucose,amino acids,vitamins and polypeptide)and their coupling effect on Mg degradation and the formation of protection coatings were reviewed.The research orientations of biomedical Mg alloys in exploring degradation mechanisms in vitro were proposed,and the impact of bioorganic molecules on the protective approaches were also explored.

Chemical Interaction UO2Cl2 with α-and β-Amino Acids in Aqueous and Organic Solution

This paper presents the results of the search of biologically active uranium compounds such as amino acids. We first received and examined X-ray and IR （infrared radiation） spectroscopy of uranium complexes with α- and β-amino acids in aqueous and organic solution. We proposed a method for direct synthesis of complex organic compounds of uranium chloride UO2Cl2 with α- andβ-amino acids for the synthesis of drugs for the treatment of cancer.

Unlocking Biomolecular Activity through Pd-Catalyzed Azides Reduction

Comprehensive Summary Pd-mediated bioorthogonal cleavage reactions have been extensively utilized in the activation of prodrug molecules,precise regulation of protein function,and cellular engineering.However,the availability of cleavable"caging"groups is quite limited,and their application in nucleic acid modification has seldom been reported.Herein,we introduce a method based on Pd-catalyzed reduction amination of azides as a decaging strategy to activate the activity of biomolecules.We designed modifications on the bioactive sites with azides or their derivatives to mask the related biological function,followed by the release of biological activity through Pd-catalyzed NaBH4 reduction amination reaction.This study has demonstrated that the strategy can effectively be used to activate bioactive molecules such as fluorescent probes,prodrugs,and to regulate the biological function of RNA,including reverse transcription extension,binding to ligands,and cleavage activity of the CRISPR-Cas system.All results confirm that this strategy provides an efficient and controllable"OFF to ON"biological switch,capable of achieving significant regulatory effects substoichiometrically,and is expected to be extended to other biological applications.

Structurally Diverse Sesquiterpenoids from Chloranthus henryi var.hupehensis and Their Anti-inflammatory Activities

In this study,27 new sesquiterpenoids:twenty monomers and seven dimers,with diverse structures,along with one known chlora-japonilide F(25)were isolated from the aerial parts of Chloranthus henryi var.hupehensis.Structurally,chlorahupetolides A(1)and B(2),two eudesmane-type merosesquiterpenoids with an undescribed C18 carbon framework,and chlorahupetene E(18)are the first example of dimers comprising two eudesmane sesquiterpenoids bridged by a four-membered ring in the Chloranthus.Their struc-tures were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR),electronic circular dichroism(ECD),and X-ray diffraction analysis.In the RAW264.7 macrophages model of inflammation induced by LPS,compounds 12,18,and 25 significantly reduced NO production in a dose dependent manner and without cytotoxicity.The mRNA expression of COX-2 was considerably inhibited by treatments with compounds 12,18,and 25.

Enzymatic Synthesis of a Diastereomer of Neoabyssomicin Derivative Using the Diels-Alderase AbyU

Main observation and conclusion The enzyme AbyU catalyses a Diels-Alder(DA)reaction during abyssomicin C biosynthesis.In this study,AbyU is shown to convert the native substrate of another Diels-Alderase(DAase),AbmU,to a new abyssomicin derivative,abyssomicin 7.