This article originates from the observation that field lines are drawn using distinctive rules in magnetic field and electrostatic fields. It aims at reconciliating the definitions of these fields and thus reaching a...This article originates from the observation that field lines are drawn using distinctive rules in magnetic field and electrostatic fields. It aims at reconciliating the definitions of these fields and thus reaching a consensus on the interpretation of field lines. Our unified field definition combines three orthogonal vectors and a unique scalar value. Field lines are then defined as isovalue lines of the scalar value, rendering it simpler to interpret in both field types. Specific to our field definition is the use of square root of vector’s cross product so that all vectors have the same physical unit. This enhanced field definition also enables a more efficient calculation of Biot-Savart law. This article is the first of a series allowing the drawing of isovalue contour lines.展开更多
借助Biot-Savart定律和二维涡度方程以及美国国家环境预报中心的数据资料,分析了海陆分布的下垫面热力差异与南海中北部低空急流发生和发展的关系。分析结果表明:南海中北部的低空急流由秋季出现在海陆交界处的偏东强风带南移加强而致,...借助Biot-Savart定律和二维涡度方程以及美国国家环境预报中心的数据资料,分析了海陆分布的下垫面热力差异与南海中北部低空急流发生和发展的关系。分析结果表明:南海中北部的低空急流由秋季出现在海陆交界处的偏东强风带南移加强而致,最大风速层出现在925 h Pa附近,其形成与海陆热力差异增大有关。进入秋季后,由于太阳辐射的季节变化及北下冷空气的双重作用,东亚大陆近地层的温度下降迅速,而南海洋面温度变化极小,南北温差加剧。两地近地层温度的相对变化,加大了大气上升和下沉运动,使得东亚大陆负相对涡度及南海地区的正相对涡度均得以增强。由Biot-Savart定律可知,东亚大陆和南海地区之间相对涡度通量的加大必将于南海中北部对流层低层诱导出强的辐合风速,形成带状偏东风急流。由于南海南部的涡通量大于东亚大陆地区,因此南海南部高温正涡中心所诱导出的水平速度是构成南海中北部低空急流的最主要分量,而来自东亚大陆低温负涡中心的贡献居次。展开更多
文摘This article originates from the observation that field lines are drawn using distinctive rules in magnetic field and electrostatic fields. It aims at reconciliating the definitions of these fields and thus reaching a consensus on the interpretation of field lines. Our unified field definition combines three orthogonal vectors and a unique scalar value. Field lines are then defined as isovalue lines of the scalar value, rendering it simpler to interpret in both field types. Specific to our field definition is the use of square root of vector’s cross product so that all vectors have the same physical unit. This enhanced field definition also enables a more efficient calculation of Biot-Savart law. This article is the first of a series allowing the drawing of isovalue contour lines.
文摘借助Biot-Savart定律和二维涡度方程以及美国国家环境预报中心的数据资料,分析了海陆分布的下垫面热力差异与南海中北部低空急流发生和发展的关系。分析结果表明:南海中北部的低空急流由秋季出现在海陆交界处的偏东强风带南移加强而致,最大风速层出现在925 h Pa附近,其形成与海陆热力差异增大有关。进入秋季后,由于太阳辐射的季节变化及北下冷空气的双重作用,东亚大陆近地层的温度下降迅速,而南海洋面温度变化极小,南北温差加剧。两地近地层温度的相对变化,加大了大气上升和下沉运动,使得东亚大陆负相对涡度及南海地区的正相对涡度均得以增强。由Biot-Savart定律可知,东亚大陆和南海地区之间相对涡度通量的加大必将于南海中北部对流层低层诱导出强的辐合风速,形成带状偏东风急流。由于南海南部的涡通量大于东亚大陆地区,因此南海南部高温正涡中心所诱导出的水平速度是构成南海中北部低空急流的最主要分量,而来自东亚大陆低温负涡中心的贡献居次。
