Comparative study for predictability of type 1 gastric variceal rebleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation:High-frequency intraluminal ultrasound study

BACKGROUND The efficacy of endoscopic ultrasonography for the follow-up of gastric varices treated with endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL)has not been established.AIM To evaluate the diagnostic correlation of esophagogastroduodenoscopy(EGD)and high-frequency intraluminal ultrasound(HFIUS)for type 1 gastric varices(GOV1)after EVL and to identify the predictability for rebleeding of EGD and HFIUS.METHODS In liver cirrhosis patients with GOV1,we performed endoscopic follow-up using EGD and HFIUS synchronously after EVL for hemorrhage from GOV1.Endoscopic grading and red color signs were analyzed using EGD,and the largest variceal cross-sectional areas were measured using HFIUS.In addition,1-year follow-up was performed.Variceal rebleeding was defined as the presence of hematemesis,hematochezia,or melena without other evidence of bleeding on endoscopic follow-up.RESULTS In 26 patients with GOV1,variceal cross-sectional areas on HFIUS of GOV1 was poorly correlated with EGD grading of GOV1(r=0.36).In 17 patients who completed the 1-year follow-up,variceal cross-sectional areas on HFIUS was a good predictor of subsequent rebleeding,whereas EGD grading was not a predictor of subsequent rebleeding.CONCLUSION HFIUS measurement is more predictive of GOV1 rebleeding than EGD grading,so HFIUS measurement may be necessary for endoscopic follow-up after EVL in patients with GOV1.

Application Value of High-Frequency Ultrasound and Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis with Different TCM Syndromes

Objective: To explore the application value of high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in different syndrome types of knee osteoarthritis, and to provide more imaging evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Method: Sixty patients with KOA were selected according to TCM classification, which were mainly divided into Qi stagnation and blood stasis type and cold-dampness blockage type. All knee joints were routinely examined by high frequency ultrasound, and those with synovial hyperplasia were examined by contrast-enhanced ultrasound. High frequency ultrasound is the examination of synovium, cartilage and collateral ligament of knee joint based on two-dimensional ultrasound. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) refers to the contrast examination of synovium in knee joint patients with synovial hyperplasia. Result: Among them, the suprapatellar sac effusion and synovial thickening of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type were more obvious than those of cold-dampness arthralgia type (P < 0.05), and the degree of wear of the intercondylar cartilage of cold-dampness arthralgia type was more obvious than that of Qi stagnation. The blood stasis type is heavier and the meniscus bulge is higher (P < 0.05). The radiography of synovial hyperplasia showed that the area under the curve of Qi stagnation and blood stasis type was higher than that of cold dampness arthralgia type (P < 0.05), and the peak time was significantly shorter than that of cold dampness arthralgia type. There was no statistical difference in effective peak gradient and onset time of type (P > 0.05). Conclusion: To a certain extent, the high-frequency ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound performance of knee osteoarthritis can be used as a dialectical reference for different TCM syndrome types.

Development of a High-frequency Ultrasound System for High-speed Image Scanning

High-frequency image technique has been widely applied in medical diagnosis recently. For high voltage protection, high speed stage and trigger control circuitry are difficult to implement a high-frequency ultrasound imaging system. In this study, we utilized a linear servo with high noise tolerance and a novel multi-depth expression method to overcome those issues in developed high-speed image system. B-mode image of the chicken phantom by 25 MHz transducer shows the resolution of lateral and axial resolutions are up to 123 μm and 59 μm respectively. In addition, the experiment demonstrates that the axial resolution and depth of field (DOF) can be improved by time gain compensation(TGC) and multi-depth method. The results indicate that the proposed system could achieve over 24 fps for 1 mm scan distance and 100 lines per frame. In the future, the developed system is potential for other clinical applications such as ophthalmology and dermatology.

Efficacy evaluation of high-frequency ultrasound in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy with α-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine package treatment

Objective:To use high-frequency ultrasound to evaluate the efficacy ofα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN),so as to provide a basis for clinical medication and evaluation of therapeutic effect.Methods:From December 2018 to December 2019,110 patients with DPN who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were divided into observation group and control group according to different treatment plans.The control group was treated withα-lipoic acid,and the observation group was treated withα-lipoic acid combined with traditional Chinese medicine encapsulation treatment,and used high-frequency ultrasound,nerve conduction velocity and serological examination to comprehensively evaluate the effectiveness of the two treatment methods.Results:The mean amplitude of glycemic excursions(MAGE)value of the observation group and the control group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05);After treatment,the SCV of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Similar to SCV,the MCV of the three nerves measured after treatment in the two groups was significantly faster than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared between the groups after treatment,the three kinds of nerve SCV and MCV in the observation group were significantly faster than those in the control group(P<0.05).The cross-sectional area(CSA)value of the ulnar nerve,median nerve and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).Compared with the control group after treatment,the three nerves CSA in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Abnormal ultrasound performance:The proportion of abnormal ultrasound performances of the ulnar nerve,median nerve,and common peroneal nerve in the observation group after treatment was significantly lower than before treatment(P<0.05).The composition ratio of internal echo reduction and ambiguity in the observation group after three nerve treatments was significantly lower than that in the control group after treatment(P<0.05).In the correlation analysis,the three kinds of nerve CSA before and after treatment were negatively correlated with SCV and amplitude(P<0.05),and positively correlated with latency(P<0.05).Conclusion:The combination ofα-lipoic acid and Chinese medicine encapsulation technology has a good effect on the treatment and repair of DPN nerve damage,and can be routinely applied in clinical treatment.High-frequency ultrasound can intuitively observe changes in peripheral nerves and can be used to evaluate the prognosis of DPN.

Analysis of High-Frequency Ultrasound in the differential Diagnosis of Lumps in Foot and Hand

Objective:To investigate the ultrasonogram characteristics of common lumps in hand and foot,pursuing for greater understanding of hand and foot lumps.Methods:65 cases of ultrasonographic characteristics of lumps in hand and foot were retrospectively analyzed,including the location,size,shape,boundary,internal echo and posterior echo,surrounding relationship and blood flow.Results:Among 65 cases,there were 26 cases of tendon sheath cyst,16 cases of tenosynovitis giant cell tumor,10 cases of hemangioma,4 cases of tendon sheath fibroma,3 cases of epidermoid cyst,2 cases of Schwannoma,2 cases of fibrolipoma,1 case of angiolipoma and 1 case of neurofibroma.The preoperative and postoperative pathological diagnoses of 45 cases,accounting for 69.23%,were consistent,3 cases(4.62%)were misdiagnosed,which included that 2 cases of tenosynovitis giant cell tumor were misdiagnosed as tendon sheath cyst,1 case of neurofibroma as epidermoid cyst,and the preoperative diagnosis of the rest 17 cases(26.15%)were indefinite.Conclusion:The high-frequency ultrasound can diagnose properties of lumps in foot and hand well,providing diagnosis basis for further treatment in clinic.

双平面超声在经会阴前列腺穿刺活检中的应用及效果分析

目的探讨双平面与单平面超声在经会阴前列腺穿刺活检中的效果。方法回顾性分析我院2022年1月至2023年12月期间接受彩超引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检的107例患者,分成双平面彩超组(53例)及单平面普通彩超组(54例),观察比较两组患者的前列腺癌检出率、相关并发症的发生情况。结果经病理结果诊断,双平面组、单平面组前列腺癌检出率分别为30.2%(16/53)和27.8%(15/54),两组无统计学差异(P>0.05);术后双平面组、单平面组并发症发生率分别为15.1%(8/53)和16.7%(9/54),两组并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论双平面超声和单平面超声引导下经会阴前列腺穿刺活检术都安全有效,两种穿刺方法对前列腺癌检出率相当。

Clinical Value of Transperineal 3D Volume Ultrasound Combined with 2D High Frequency Ultrasound in Anal Fistula

Objective: To explore the clinical diagnostic value of transperineal volume ultrasound combined with two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound for anal fistula. Methods: A total of 52 patients with anal fistula admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from December 2017 to July 2018 were selected. They were all undergoing transperineal 3D volume ultrasound combined with 2D high-frequency ultrasound examination, and the diagnosis results were analyzed. The results of ultrasonography and surgical pathology were compared. Results: Among 52 patients, 3D volume ultrasound combined with 2D high-frequency ultrasound were used to diagnose 32 cases of anal fistula intersphincteric type, 14 cases of transsphincter type, 5 cases of supra-sphincter type, and 1 case of extra-sphincter type. T supervisor classification accuracy rate is 90%. The detection rate of branch pipes was 92%, and the compliance rate of internal fistula was 95%. Two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound was used to diagnose 34 cases of anal fistula intersphincteric type, 14 cases of transsphincter type, 4 cases of supra-sphincter type, and 0 cases of extra-sphincter type. The detection rate of branch canals was 42%, and the accuracy of type classification was 90%. The coincidence rate was 95%. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of the anal fistula branch and the coincidence rate of the internal fistula between the two methods (both P Conclusion: 1) The overall coincidence rate of three-dimensional volumetric ultrasound combined with two-dimensional high-frequency ultrasound in the diagnosis of anal fistula is high;2) Three-dimensional volumetric ultrasound technology has great application prospects in infants and anal fistulas.

实时双平面成像技术测量中晚孕正常胎儿心动周期变化规律的价值

目的探讨实时双平面成像技术测量中晚孕期正常胎儿心动周期变化规律的价值。方法本研究受试者共716例,均为新疆生产建设兵团第二师焉耆医院于2019年1月—2021年4月接收的进行产前超声检查的中晚孕期孕妇,根据孕周把孕妇分为中期组456例与晚期组260例。比较两组产妇常规超声指标[每博输出量(SV)、心输出量(CO)、短轴缩短率(FS)、左室心肌重量(LVM)、左心室收缩末期容积(LVESV)、左心室舒张末期容积(LVEDV)、左心室射血分数(LVEF)],实时双平面成像指标[左室侧壁的收缩期峰值速度(Vs)、舒张期峰值速度(Vd)、峰值应变(S)、舒张期峰值应变率(SRd)、收缩期峰值应变率(SRs)],分析中晚孕期正常胎儿常规超声、双平面成像心动周期变化规律与孕周的相关性,实时双平面成像特征。结果晚期组FS、LVEDV、LVM、CO、SV、LVEF、LVESV均高于中期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。晚期组的Vs、Vd均高于中期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);中期组与晚期组S、SRd、SRs比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);胎儿的应变率曲线由一个正向波和一个负向波组成,应变曲线整体呈现负向单峰曲线趋势。在716例胎儿中,Pearson分析显示,中晚期孕妇的孕周与舒张期峰值速度、收缩期峰值速度、左室心肌重量、每博输出量、短轴缩短率、心输出量、左心室收缩末期容积、左心室舒张末期容积存在正相关性(P<0.05)。结论实时双平面成像技术能准确测量中晚孕期正常胎儿心动周期变化规律,可以早期评价胎儿心肌局部和整体功能,有很好的临床应用价值。

High-frequency ultrasound features of basal cell carcinoma and its association with histological recurrence risk

Background: Due to advances in high-frequency ultrasound technology, it is easier to detect fine structures of skin lesions. The aim of this study was to examine the ultrasonographic features and use recurrence risk stratification to assess the diagnostic performance of pre-operative ultrasound examination of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Methods: This was a retrospective study. Forty-six BCC lesions underwent pre-operative ultrasound examination using 50- and 20- MHz probes. Ultrasonographic shape, margin, internal echoes, hyper-echoic spots, posterior echoes, and depth of the lesion were evaluated and correlated with the risk of recurrence based on histological features. Results: Forty-two patients had 46 skin lesions in total. The high-risk (n = 6) and low-risk (n = 40) groups exhibited considerable overlap in the ultrasonographic manifestations and no significant difference in margin (χ^2 = 3.231, P = 0.072), internal echo (χ^2 = 1.592, P = 0.207), or posterior echo (P = 0.169). However, high-risk BCCs tended to be irregular in shape than low-risk lesions (χ^2 = 4.313, P = 0.038). Both types presented hyper-echoic spots (χ^2 = 1.850, P = 0.174). Additionally, 78% of low-risk lesions were confined to the dermis (31/40), and 100% of high-risk lesions infiltrated into the sub-cutaneous tissue, resulting in a significant difference between the two groups (χ^2 = 10.951, P = 0.001). Ultrasound detected sub-clinical lesions in five patients. Conclusions: High-frequency ultrasound can provide important information for pre-operative evaluation of risk in BCC foci and reveal hidden lesions. The technique may play a crucial role in guiding therapeutic options for BCC.

Differential diagnosis of isolated calf muscle vein thrombosis and gastrocnemius hematoma by high-frequency ultrasound

Background Differential diagnosis of isolated calf muscle vein thrombosis （ICMVT） and gastrocnemius hematoma is essential for early identification of deep vein thrombosis （DVT）.This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasound for differential diagnosis of ICMVT and gastrocnemius hematoma.Methods A retrospective case series of 35 ICMVT （M∶F,21∶14; mean age （64.5±10.6） years） and 23 gastrocnemius hematoma （M∶F,16∶7; mean age （75.4±11.8） years） patients with bilateral/unilateral lower limb pain was conducted between January 2006 and September 2012.Characteristics and the morphology of high-frequency color Doppler ultrasonography of the lower limb deep vein,great saphenous vein,calf muscles,skin,and soft tissue were examined.Results ICMVT hypoechoic signals were characterized by long,tube-like masses on longitudinal sections and oval masses on transverse sections,with apparent muscle thrombosis boundaries,distal and proximal venous connections,and,often,lower limb DVT.Gastrocnemius hematoma hypoechoic signals were characterized by large volumes,enhanced posterior hematoma echo,hyperechoic muscle boundaries,no hematoma blood flow,and no DVT,and clear differences in trauma/exercise-and oral anticoagulant-induced hematomas were readily apparent.According to the measurement,the ratio of long diameter/transverse diameter （D/T） in ICMVT patients was about less than 2.0,whereas in gastrocnemius hematoma patients the ratio was more than 2.0.Early stage isoechoic and hypoechoic signals were detected with gradually increasing ovular anechoic areas.Partial muscle fibers in the hematoma due to muscle fractures were apparent.Conclusion High-frequency color Doppler ultrasound was found to be a sensitive and reliable method for differential diagnosis of ICMVT and gastrocnemius hematoma due to trauma and exercise or prolonged oral anticoagulant use.

经肛周三维超声对肛瘘诊断价值的研究

目的探讨经肛周三维超声检查在肛瘘诊断中的应用价值。方法术前对39例肛瘘患者分别行经肛周高频联合经直肠双平面超声和经肛周三维超声检查,以手术结果为金标准,分析并比较2种检查方法对肛瘘的诊断价值。结果经肛周高频联合经直肠双平面二维超声检查均能充分显示39例患者的病灶,进行有效评估;经肛周三维超声因受扫查深度和观察范围不足影响而未能对2例(2/9)高位肛瘘及5例(27.8%)复杂性肛瘘患者进行有效评估。经肛周三维超声检查对内口、瘘管、合并脓肿的探查情况及分型比经肛周高频联合经直肠双平面超声检查的符合率稍低,分别为82.1%vs.87.2%、82.1%vs.92.3%、64.1%vs.76.9%及82.1%vs.92.3%,但比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。2种方法对低位和高位肛瘘以及单纯性和复杂性肛瘘在内口、瘘管、合并脓肿及分型方面的诊断符合率比较差异均无统计学意义(P均>0.05)。经肛周三维超声检查可以形象地显示肛瘘整体观,可以得到二维图像难以得到的C平面。三维表面成像及断层超声成像模式多层面显像可以连续追踪观察瘘管的走行。结论经肛周三维超声检查能直观地评估肛瘘情况,尤其适用于低位及单纯性肛瘘,但因受扫查深度和范围等的影响使其对部分高位和复杂性肛瘘的评估受限。肛周三维超声检查可作为经肛周高频联合经直肠双平面超声的备用检查方式。

基于CAG三维重建与超声图像的数据融合研究

临床中,融合X射线造影图像和血管内超声图像可以辅助医生更好的对冠心病进行诊断。本研究在X射线造影系统中对导引丝和血管骨架分别三维重建的基础上,利用最佳垂平面法求得导引丝序列点的最佳切向量,首先对超声图像在导引丝上定位,然后根据造影图像与超声图像提供的导引丝和血管骨架的空间关系求得超声图像的偏心角,最后利用四元数法对超声图像在导引丝上进行准确的定向。通过临床数据进行实验表明了该方法的可行性。相对于传统的融合方法,该方法不仅实现了超声图像空间角度的确定,而且具有实现简单、计算速度快等特点。

单平面与双平面超声引导下前列腺穿刺活检的临床对比研究

目的探讨单平面超声和双平面超声介导下前列腺穿刺活检在前列腺癌诊断中的价值及其安全性,为前列腺癌术前诊断提供可靠的检查方法。方法将194例行前列腺穿刺活检的患者随机分为单平面组和双平面组,在经直肠超声引导下行系统性前列腺穿刺活检术,观察两组在不同PSA水平,其前列腺癌的阳性检出率及并发症的发生率。结果单平面组和双平面组前列腺癌阳性检出率分别为42.2%和34%,两者间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);在PSA≤10、1030 ng/mL时,单平面组前列腺癌阳性检出率分别为12.5%、24.4%、72.5%,双平面组阳性检出率分别为4.5%、20.5%、66.7%,两组差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);结论单平面和双平面超声介导下前列腺穿刺活检术均安全有效,两种穿刺方法阳性率无统计学差异。

1.5T MRI与TRUS成像特点在肛周脓肿诊断及分型中的差异性研究

目的:探讨磁共振成像(MRI)与经直肠双平面超声(TRUS)成像特点在肛周脓肿疾病诊断及分型中的差异性。方法:选取医院收治的104例肛周脓肿患者,按照诊断方法的不同将其分为TRUS组和MRI组,每组52例。TRUS组予以TRUS检查,MRI组予以1.5T的MRI检查,对比两组患者肛周脓肿检测的临床分型多发脓肿、深部脓肿和定位内口诊断正确率及I期根治率。结果:TRUS组的肛周脓肿分型中多发脓肿、深部脓肿和定位内口诊断正确率明显高于MRI组,差异有统计学意义(x^2=7.930,x^2=9.640,x^2=4.270;P<0.05);TRUS组的I期根治率明显高于MRI组,差异有统计学意义(x^2=7.120,P<0.05)。结论:TRUS检查对肛周脓肿的诊断效果优于MRI检查,可为临床诊断分型提供影像学依据。

实时双平面超声成像对经皮微波凝固犬离体肝脏的动态观察

目的 :采用实时双平面超声成像技术动态观察经皮微波凝固犬离体肝脏过程 ,以便为临床应用提供依据 .方法 :在普通超声引导下 ,对健康杂种犬的离体肝脏进行 90个点的微波凝固 ,仪器输出功率分别为 4 0 ,5 0 ,6 0和 70W ,时间分别为 6 0 ,80 ,1 0 0 ,1 2 0 ,1 4 0和 1 6 0s,微波凝固过程采用实时双平面超声动态观察微波凝固区 .结果 :实时双平面超声成像技术能同时实时从两个不同角度的切面动态观察微波凝固治疗过程中凝固区的变化过程 ,测量的凝固区大小与实际凝固区的大小之间无显著性差异 (P >0 .0 5 ) .结论 :实时双平面超声成像可以在同一超声切面基础上 ,无需转动探头便可实时观察与此切面呈不同角度的同一部位的另一超声切面声像图 ,可在两个不同角度实时动态观察微波天线的位置及凝固区变化细节 。

双平面直肠超声对良性前列腺增生下尿路症状患者尿道形态变化的评估研究

目的 探讨双平面直肠超声评估良性前列腺增生(BPH)下尿路症状(LUTS)患者的尿道形态变化。方法 104例良性前列腺增生下尿路症状患者,应用双平面直肠超声检测前列腺部尿道实际长度(PU)、近端尿道长度、远端尿道长度、尿道增长值及前列腺尿道角(PUA)、前列腺突入膀胱(IPP)大小和其他形态学参数;应用尿动力学检查仪的压力-流率曲线测得梗阻指数膀胱出口梗阻(BOO)值(AG值),根据尿动力学AG值将患者分为梗阻组(AG值≥40, 56例)与非梗阻组(AG值<40, 48例);梗阻组根据前列腺是否突入膀胱又分为突入组(前列腺突入膀胱, 33例)和非突入组(前列腺未突入膀胱, 23例)。比较梗阻组与非梗阻组及突入组与非突入组的前列腺尿道各项参数,分析前列腺尿道各项参数与AG值相关性。结果 梗阻组前列腺总体积(60.458±15.343)ml、前列腺突入膀胱上下径(1.407±0.503)cm、前列腺尿道角(50.458±14.542)°、尿道增长值(0.707±0.134)cm均大于非梗阻组的(40.376±13.960)ml、(0.000±0.000) cm、(24.045±11.358)°、(0.531±0.120)cm,近端尿道长度(3.015±0.755)cm、尿道实际长度(5.598±0.832)cm均长于非梗阻组的(2.015±0.513)、(4.625±0.745)cm,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组远端尿道长度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。前列腺突入膀胱上下径、前列腺尿道角、近端尿道长度、尿道实际长度、尿道增长值与AG值呈正相关(P<0.05)。突入组与非突入组前列腺尿道角、近端尿道长度、远端尿道长度、尿道实际长度、尿道增长值比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 双平面直肠超声对良性前列腺增生下尿路症状患者前列腺尿道形态显示更清晰,尿道角及尿道增长值可以做为膀胱出口梗阻的预测指标。

基于血管内超声图像序列的相角配准与边缘检测

血管内超声成像可以显示血管内腔、管壁清楚的实时截面图像。实际采集的冠状动脉序列图像由于受脉动的影响而产生较大的重叠和错位,破坏毗邻图像的相关性,从而影响血管边缘检测、定量测量和3维重建的准确性。为进行精确的配准和边缘检测,采用一种新型的无需硬件设施的相角配准技术,经对序列图像的重采样得到相同相位下的连续图像,再基于快速主动轮廓算法模型提出一种适合血管内超声图像的自动边缘检测方法对重采样后的图像进行边缘检测。检测结果表明自动检测的内腔、血管面积与手动追踪非常吻合,具有较高的相关系数和较小的系统误差,可作为医生可靠而准确的诊断工具。

经直肠双平面超声在直肠癌合并幽门螺杆菌感染患者术前分期中的应用研究

目的分析经直肠双平面超声在直肠癌合并幽门螺杆菌感染患者术前分期中的应用情况。方法选取2016年11月~2017年11月间在我院以及浙江省肿瘤医院就诊的直肠癌合并幽门螺杆菌感染的患者83例为研究对象,两组患者分别行直肠腔内超声检查和CT检测,观察并记录病灶的位置、大小、血流情况、肠壁浸润情况及是否存在周围淋巴结肿大和转移,对患者肿瘤进行术前T分期和N分期,与术后病理检查进行比较,分析超声和CT检查的准确率、灵敏度和特异度。结果 T分期比较显示超声组患者检测UT1、UT2、UT3、UT4与病理检测PT1、PT2、PT3、PT4比较准确率分别为75.00%、80.00%、73.08%、70.00%。CT组患者检测CT1、CT2、CT3、CT4与病理检测PT1、PT2、PT3、PT4比较准确率分别为50.00%、66.67%、68.18%、66.67%。N分期显示超声组患者超声检测UN0、UN1与病理检测PN0、PN1比较准确率分别为73.08%和78.94%,CT组患者检测CN0、CN1与病理检测PN0、PN1比较准确率分别为68.18%和68.75%,两组患者T1分期准确率比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),其余检测项目两组比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论经直肠双平面超声对直肠癌合并幽门螺杆菌感染患者术前分期具有较高的准确率、灵敏度和特异度,可以快捷、准确地对直肠癌合并幽门螺杆菌感染患者进行术前分期。

为早食道、胃的癌症的诊断的内视镜的超声使用超声探针

Endoscopic ultrasound(EUS) devices were first designed and manufactured more than 30 years ago,and since then investigators have reported EUS is effective for determining both the staging and the depth of invasion of esophageal and gastric cancers.We review the present status,the methods,and the findings of EUS when used to diagnose and stage early esophageal and gastric cancer.EUS using high-frequency ultrasound probes is more accurate than conventional EUS for the evaluation of the depth of invasion of superficial esophageal carcinoma.The rates of accurate evaluation of the depth of invasion by EUS using high-frequency ultrasound probes were 70%-88% for intramucosal cancer,and 83%-94% for submucosal invasive cancer.But the sensitivity of EUS using high-frequency ultrasound probes for the diagnosis of submucosal invasive cancer was relatively low,making it difficult to confirm minute submucosal invasion.The accuracy of EUS using highfrequency ultrasound probes for early gastric tumor classification can be up to 80% compared with 63% for conventional EUS,although the accuracy of EUS using high-frequency ultrasound probes relatively decreases for those patients with depressed-type lesions,undifferentiated cancer,concomitant ulceration,expanded indications,type 0-Ⅰ lesions,and lesions located in the upper-third of the stomach.A 92% overall accuracy rate was achieved when both the endoscopic appearance and the findings from EUS using high-frequency ultrasound probes were considered together for tumor classification.Although EUS using high-frequency ultrasound probes has limitations,it has a high depth of invasion accuracy and is a useful procedure to distinguish lesions in the esophagus and stomach that are indicated for endoscopic resection.

The study on the mechanical characteristics of articular cartilage in simulated microgravity

The microgravity environment of a long-term space flight may induce acute changes in an astronaut＇s musculo-skeletal systems. This study explores the effects of simulated microgravity on the mechanical characteristics of articular cartilage. Six rats underwent tail suspension for 14 days and six additional rats were kept under normal earth gravity as controls. Swelling strains were measured using high-frequency ultrasound in all cartilage samples subject to osmotic loading. Site-specific swelling strain data were used in a triphasic theoretical model of cartilage swelling to determine the uniaxial modulus of the cartilage solid matrix. No severe surface irregularities were found in the cartilage samples obtained from the control or tail-suspended groups. For the tail-suspended group, the thickness of the cartilage at a specified site, as determined by ultrasound echo, showed a minor decrease. The uniaxial modulus of articular cartilage at the specified site decreased significantly, from （6.31 ± 3.37） MPa to （5.05 ± 2.98）MPa （p 〈 0.05）. The histology- stained image of a cartilage sample also showed a reduced number of chondrocytes and decreased degree of matrix staining. These results demonstrated that the 14 d simulated microgravity induced significant effects on the mechanical characteristics of articular cartilage. This study is the first attempt to explore the effects of simulated microgravity on the mechanical characteristics of articular cartilage using an osmotic loading method and a triphasic model. The conclusions may provide reference information for manned space flights and a better understanding of the effects of microgravity on the skeletal system.