A symmetry and a conserved quantity for the Birkhoff system

A symmetry and a conserved quantity of the Birkhoff system are studied. The symmetry is called the Birkhoff symmetry. Its definition and criterion are given in this paper. A conserved quantity can be deduced by using the symmetry. An example is given to illustrate the application of the result.

Stability for manifolds of equilibrium states of generalized Birkhoff system

Stability for the manifolds of equilibrium states of a generalized Birkhoff system is studied. A theorem for the stability of the manifolds of equilibrium states of the general autonomous system is used to the generalized BirkhoiYian system and two propositions on the stability of the manifolds of equilibrium states of the system are obtained. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

The discrete variational principle and the first integrals of Birkhoff systems＊

This paper shows that first integrals of discrete equation of motion for Birkhoff systems can be determined explicitly by investigating the invariance properties of the discrete Pfaffian. The result obtained is a discrete analogue of theorem of Noether in the calculus of variations. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

Stability with respect to partial variables for Birkhoff systems

In this paper, the stability with respect to partial variables for the Birkhoff system is studied. By transplanting the results of the partial stability for general systems to the Birkhoff system and constructing a suitable Liapunov function, the partial stability of the system can be achieved. Finally, two examples are given to illustrate the application of the results.

PERTURBATION OF SYMMETRIES OF BIRKHOFF SYSTEM AND ADIABATIC INVARIANTS

The perturbation of symmetries of the free Birkhoff system under small excitation is discussed. The concept of high-order adiabatic invariant is presented, and the form of adiabatic invariants and the conditions for their existence are given. Then these results are generalized to the constrained Birkhoff system. One example is presented to illustrate these results.

A generalized Mei conserved quantity and Mei symmetry of Birkhoff system

This paper studies a new conserved quantity which can be called generalized Mei conserved quantity and directly deduced by Mei symmetry of Birkhoff system. The conditions under which the Mei symmetry can directly lead to generalized Mei conserved quantity and the form of generalized Mei conserved quantity are given. An example is given to illustrate the application of the results.

Lie symmetries and conserved quantities for generalized Birkhoff system

To study Lie symmetry and the conserved quantity of a generalized Birkhoff system with additional terms, the determining equations of the Lie symmetry of the system is derived. A con- served quantity of Hojman＇ s type and a Noether＇ s conserved quantity are deduced by the Lie symme- try under some conditions. One example is given to illustrate the application of the result.

Conformal invariance and conserved quantities of Birkhoff systems under second-class Mei symmetry

This paper proposes a new concept of the conformal invariance and the conserved quantities for Birkhoff systems under second-class Mei symmetry. The definition about conformal invariance of Birkhoff systems under second-class Mei symmetry is given. The conformal factor in the determining equations is found. The relationship between Birkhoff system＇s conformal invariance and second-class Mei symmetry are discussed. The necessary and sufficient conditions of conformal invaxiance, which are simultaneously of second-class symmetry, are given. And Birkhoff system＇s conformal invariance may lead to corresponding Mei conserved quantities, which is deduced directly from the second-class Mei symmetry when the conformal invariance satisfies some conditions. Lastly, an example is provided to illustrate the application of the result.

Integrating Factors and Conservation Laws of Generalized Birkhoff System Dynamics in Event Space

在这篇论文，在事件空格的概括 Birkhoff 系统的能量守恒定律被使用集成因素的方法学习。第一，概括 Pfaff Birkhoff 原则和概括 Birkhoff 方程被建立，并且为系统的集成的因素的定义被给。基于集成因素的概念，第二，为结果空间的概括 Birkhoff 系统的保存定理和他们的逆详细被介绍，并且在能量守恒定律和系统的集成的因素之间的关系被获得，为集成的因素的决心的概括杀死的方程被给。最后，一个例子被给说明结果的申请。

Geometric formulations and variational integrators of discrete autonomous Birkhoff systems

The variational integrators of autonomous Birkhoff systems are obtained by the discrete variational principle. The geometric structure of the discrete autonomous Birkhoff system is formulated. The discretization of mathematical pendulum shows that the discrete variational method is as effective as symplectic scheme for the autonomous Birkhoff systems.

Form Invariance and Noether Symmetries of Rotational Relativistic Birkhoff Systems

Under the infinitesimal transformations of groups, a form invariance of rotational relativistic Birkhoffsystems is studied and the definition and criteria are given. In view of the invariance of rotational relativistic PfaffBirkhoff D'Alcmbert principle under the infinitesimal transformations of groups, the theory of Noether symmetries ofrotational relativistic Birkhoff systems are constructed. The relation between the form invariance and the Noethersymmetries is studied, and the conserved quantities of rotational relativistic Birkhoff systems are obtained.

Form Invariance and Noether Symmetries of Rotational Relativistic Birkhoff Systems

Under the infinitesimal transformations of groups, a form invariance of rotational relativistic Birkhoffsystems is studied and the definition and criteria are given. In view of the invariance of rotational relativistic PfaffBirkhoff D'Alcmbert principle under the infinitesimal transformations of groups, the theory of Noether symmetries ofrotational relativistic Birkhoff systems are constructed. The relation between the form invariance and the Noethersymmetries is studied, and the conserved quantities of rotational relativistic Birkhoff systems are obtained.

广义Birkhoff系统分数阶最优控制问题的Noether定理

探讨了广义Birkhoff系统分数阶最优控制问题的Noether定理。首先,基于Caputo分数阶导数提出广义Birkhoff系统的分数阶最优控制问题,并运用分数阶变分方法得到了广义Birkhoff系统的分数阶最优控制问题的极值条件。然后,运用分数阶微积分和分数阶变分方法讨论了泛函在无穷小变换群作用下的不变性,分别给出了其时间不变和时间变化情况下的分数阶最优控制问题的Noether定理。最后,应用实例显示方法的有效性。

一种Birkhoff形式下结构动响应问题的保辛中点格式

结构动响应预测是结构设计的基础,是结构振动控制、载荷识别的前提。本文在辛体系下针对结构动响应问题,提出了一种Birkhoff形式下的保辛中点格式。首先引入状态变量,并基于摄动方法将结构动响应方程转化为线性自治Birkhoff方程的形式,进一步利用中心差分推导出线性自治Birkhoff方程的中点格式,其证明是保辛的。该格式不要求Birkhoff方程系数矩阵非奇异,因此适用于奇数维系统。两个不同数值算例的结果充分验证了本文方法的卓越性,也凸显了相对于传统算法在计算精确度和稳定性方面的明显优势。

高阶Maggi方程的Birkhoff化及其辛算法

针对非完整系统的高阶Maggi方程,在满足一定的条件时,可以对其进行Birkhoff化.通过构造生成函数,利用Birkhoff广义辛算法对其进行数值仿真.仿真结果和传统的Runge-Kutta算法结果相比较,Birkhoff广义辛算法在长期跟踪后更加准确.

光滑Banach空间中Birkhoff正交组的性质

参考内积空间中正交组的定义,在有限维实Banach空间中引入了Birkhoff正交组的概念,并围绕光滑的Banach空间中是否存在所含元素个数超过空间维数的Birkhoff正交组这一问题展开研究。证明了二维光滑的Banach空间中不存在所含元素个数超过空间维数的Birkhoff正交组;三维及以上的光滑Banach空间中不存在所含元素个数超过空间维数且所含元素均为左(右)对称点的Birkhoff正交组。表明了若n(≥3)维光滑的Banach空间中存在Birkhoff正交组A={x_(1),x_(2),…,x_(n),x_(n+1)},则A必不满足以下两个条件:(1)对A中任意一点x_(m)有x_(m)⊥B_(x)_(i)(∀i≠m);(2)对A中任意一点x_(m)有x_(i)⊥_(B)x_(m)(∀i≠m)。

Stability of EquilibRium for the Autonomous Birkhoff System

A mechanical system whose motion or a physical system whose state is described by the Birkhoff equations is called Birkhoff system. The Birkhoff system is more general than the Hamilton system and has a series of important properties. Therefore, the study of the Birkhoff system becomes a direction of modem developments for mathematical physics science, especially for analytical dynamics.

Perturbation Theory of Fractional Lagrangian System and Fractional Birkhoffian System

Perturbation to symmetry and adiabatic invariants are studied for the fractional Lagrangian system and the fractional Birkhoffian system in the sense of Riemann-Liouville derivatives.Firstly,the fractional Euler-Lagrange equation,the fractional Birkhoff equations as well as the fractional conservation laws for the two systems are listed.Secondly,the definition of adiabatic invariant for fractional mechanical system is given,then perturbation to symmetry and adiabatic invariants are established for the fractional Lagrangian system and the fractional Birkhoffian system under the special and general infinitesimal transformations,respectively.Finally,two examples are devoted to illustrate the results.

Conformal Invariance and Noether Symmetry, Lie Symmetry of Birkhoffian Systems in Event Space

这份报纸集中于学习保角的不变性和 Noether 对称，为在事件空格的一个 Birkhoffian 系统的谎言对称。系统的保角的不变性的定义被给。由在保角的不变性和 Noether 对称之间的关系上的调查，保角的不变性和谎言对称，在这些情形下面的系统的保角的因素的表情被获得。Noether 保存了数量，保存数量直接从保角的不变性导出的 Hojman 被给。二个例子被给说明结果的申请。

Birkhoffian Symplectic Scheme for a Quantum System

在这份报纸，平常的微分方程的一个古典系统被造描述一种 n 维的量系统。吸收光谱和为系统的状态的密度从量看法和古典看法的点被定义。从方程的 Birkhoffian 形式，一个 Birkhoffian symplectic 计划为由使用产生功能方法解决 n 维的方程被导出。除 Birkhoffian 以外保存结构，新计划被证明与零向量 f 保存系统的分离本地精力能量守恒定律。为一个 3-dimensional 例子的一些数字实验证明新计划能比含蓄的中点计划更好模仿一般 Birkhoffian 系统，它是众所周知的是为 Hamiltonian 系统的 symplectic 计划。