SbCl_3 Catalyzed Solventless Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)alkanes under Grinding

A clean and efficient method for the synthesis of bis（indolyl）alkanes with antimony trichloride（SbCl3） as the catalyst under solvent-free grinding conditions is described. This method provides several advantages, such as simple work-up procedure, neutral conditions and high yields.

SOLVENT EFFECT ON CONFORMATIONS OF α,ω-BIS(4-NITROPHENOXY)-ALKANES

Solvent effect on the conformations of-bis(4-nitrophenoxy)-alkanes w th different chain Lengths(Nn)was studied by UV spectra.In poor solvents such as EG-H_2O and THF-H_2O,with the water content higher than 50%,the K-bands of N_4. N,N_6 and N_(10)in the UV absorption spectra shifted to longer wavelengths as compared wth 4-nitrophenoxyethane(N_0).It is suggested that in poor solvents the two aromatic gr(?)ps are close to each other in parallel,forming ground state complexes.The K- bead of N_4 showed a blue shift from that of N_0 when the water content was around 5%,probably attributable to a conformation with the nitro group of one benzene ring sit(?)ing on the plane of the other benzene ring.

Synthesis of bis(indolyl) methanes using aluminiumoxide(acidic) in dry media

Heterogeneous catalyst aluminium oxide(acidic) is found to be an effective catalyst for the solvent-free condensation reaction of indole with aldehydes in microwave irradiation with shorter reaction time and higher yields.

Efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl) methanes catalyzed by(PhCH_2PPh_3)^+Br_3^- under solvent-free conditions

Benzyltriphenylphosphonium tribromide（BTPTB） has been applied as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of bis（indolyl）-methanes （BIMs） via electrophilic substitution of indoles with aldehydes in the absence of solvent.

Oxalic acid as a catalyst for efficient synthesis of bis-(indolyl)methanes,and 14-aryl-14H-dibenzo[a,j]xanthenes in water

A simple, efficient, and environment benign route was developed for the preparation of bis-（indolyl）methanes and 14-aryl-14H- dibenzo[aj]xanthenes from condensation of various aromatic aldehydes or ketones with indole, and 2-naphthol, respectively, using oxalic acid catalyst in aqueous medium. Use of cheap and easily available catalyst, better yields and simple reaction protocol are the advantages of the present method.

n-Dodecylbenzene Sulfonic Acid (DBSA) as a Novel Brønsted Acid Catalyst for the Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)methanes and Bis(4-hydroxycoumarin-3-yl)methanes in Water

n-Dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid (DBSA) as a novel, biodegradable, and efficient Br?nsted acid catalyst used for the reaction of indoles/4-hydroxy coumarin with aldehydes to obtain a bis(indolyl)methanes/bis(4-hydroxycoumarin-3-yl)methanes, respectively. The catalyst exhibited remarkable activity, and tolerated a wide variety of functional groups providing the desired bis(indolyl)methanes and bis(4-hydroxycoumarin-3-yl)methanes in good to excellent yield (70%-96%) in water.

Spacer Length Effects on the Structure of Cd(Ⅱ)Coordination Polymers with Flexible Bis(thiabendazolyl)(1)Alkane and 1,2,4,5-Benzenetetracarboxylte Ligands

The hydrothermal reactions of Cd（OAc）2·2H2O with 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid（H4bta） and 1,4-bis（thiabendazolyl）butane（L1） or 1,6-bis（thiabendazolyl）hexane（L2） afforded two coordination polymers [Cd2（L1）（bta）·2H2O]n（1） and [Cd2（L2）2（H2bta）2]n（2）. Complex 1 holds a rare 3D binodal（4,6）-connected framework with fsh topology. Complex 2 features an infinite meandering chain structure, which is further extended via O–H···O hydrogen bonding into a 3D supramolecular network. The thermal and fluorescence proprieties of the two complexes were investigated.

Efficient and Eco-friendly Process for the Synthesis of Bi(indolyl)methanes Catalyzed by Sodium Hydrogensulfate Monohydrate in Ionic Liquid n-Butylpyridinium Tetrafluoroborate

Efficient electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with various aromatic aldehydes were carried out with a catalytic amount of sodium hydrogensulfate monohydrate （NaHSO4·H20） in ionic liquid n-butylpyridinium tetrafluoroborate （[Bpy]BF4） to afford the corresponding bi（indolyl）methanes in excellent yields. The notable advantages of this protocol in terms of low cost of catalyst and ionic liquid, mild conditions, simple operation, short reaction time, high yields and recycling of the ionic liquid.

Solvent-free Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 2,2＇-Dialkyl Bis(3-methyl-6,7- dihydrobenzofuran-4(5H)-one) Derivatives

A series of 2,2＇-dialkyl bis（3-methyl-6,7-dihydrobenzofuran-4（5H）-one） derivatives was prepared through H2SO4·SiO2 catalyzed condensation reaction under solvent-free conditions as potential anti-tumor agents. All of them were characterized by ESI-MS, IR and NMR spectra. Meanwhile, the single crystal of the target compound （4b）, C24H28O4, was also obtained and determined by X-ray crystallography. Crystal data： triclinic system, space group P , a = 8.463（10）, b = 9.612（11）, c = 13.828（15） , α = 74.29（5）, β = 80.93（5）, γ = 69.90（3）°, V = 1014（2） 3, Z = 2, F（000） = 408, Dc = 1.246 g/cm3, μ = 0.084 mm？1, R = 0.0883 and wR = 0.2440 for 4616 independent reflections （Rint = 0.1200） and 3490 observed ones （I 〉 2σ（I））.

Pyridinium tribromide catalyzed condensation of indoles and aldehydes to form bisindolylalkanes

An efficient synthetic method for bis（indol-3-yl）alkane derivatives has been developed.In the presence of 5 mol%of pyridinium tribromide（PTB）,the condensation of indoles and aldehydes proceeded smoothly under mild conditions,giving rise to the corresponding bis（indol-3-yl）alkanes in good to excellent yields.

α-Chymotrypsin-Catalyzed Synthesis of Bis(indolyl)alkanes in Water

A novel methodology for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes by the reaction of aromatic aldehydes and indole in water has been developed,and a series of desired products were obtained in moderate to excellent yields(from 65%to 97%)using 1.2 mg/mLα-chymotrypsin as biocatalyst.

In-situ decoration of metallic Bi on BiOBr with exposed(110)facets and surface oxygen vacancy for enhanced solar light photocatalytic degradation of gaseous n-hexane

Photocatalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants on Bi-based semiconductors under solar lightirradiation has attracted significant attention.However,their application in gaseous straight-chainalkane purification is still rare.Here,a series of Bi/BiOBr composites were solvothermally synthe-sized and applied in solar-light-driven photocatalytic degradation of gaseous n-hexane.The charac-terization results revealed that both increasing number of functional groups of alcohol solvent(from methanol and ethylene glycol to glycerol)and solvothermal temperature(from 160 and 180to 200℃)facilitated the in-situ formation of metallic Bi nanospheres on BiOBr nanoplates withexposed(110)facets.Meanwhile,chemical bonding between Bi and BiOBr was observed on theseexposed facets that resulted in the formation of surface oxygen vacancy.Furthermore,the synergis-tic effect of optimum surface oxygen vacancy on exposed(110)facets led to a high visible light re-sponse,narrow band gap,great photocurrent,low recombination rate of the charge carriers,andstrong·O2-and h*formation,all of which resulted in the highest removal efficiency of 97.4%within120 min of 15 ppmv of n-hexane on Bi/BiOBr.Our findings efficiently broaden the application ofBi-based photocatalysis technology in the purification of gaseous straight-chain pollutants emittedby the petrochemical industry.

C_(6)^(+)正构烷烃芳构化的研究进展

通过烷烃芳构化可将催化裂化汽油深度脱硫工艺和煤制油工艺中产生的大量低辛烷值饱和直链烷烃转化成芳烃,从而提升油品质量和芳烃产能,是制备芳烃的重要非石油路线,具有显著的社会经济价值。其中,C_(2)-C_5轻烃芳构化技术相对成熟,已进入到工业应用阶段;而针对C_(6)^(+)直链烷烃芳构化,由于反应过程复杂、多种基元反应相互竞争,导致芳烃收率偏低、催化剂易结焦失活。为此,本工作综述了近年来有关C_(6)^(+)正构烷烃芳构化的研究进展,重点讨论了C_(6)^(+)直链烷烃芳构化的反应机理以及单功能及双功能催化体系中金属位点分散度、电子状态及载体的酸性、形貌和孔道结构等对反应性能的影响。

A practical synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes catalyzed by BF_3·Et_2O

Practical BF3.Et20 catalyzed reactions between indoles and a series of carbonyl compounds at room temperature are described, which afford bis（indolyl）methanes with isolated yields up to 96%,

Synthesis of bis(indolyl) methanes catalyzed by Schiff base-Cu(Ⅱ) complex

Schiff base-Cu（II） complex is found to be an effective catalyst for the condensation reaction of indole with aldehydes using ethanol as the solvent. The characterization of the catalysts was carried out using XRD and FT-IR.

Surfactant-assisted synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes in water

An environmentally friendly synthesis method for bis（indolyl）methanes has been developed in the presence of sodium lauryl ether sulfate（SLES）,electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aldehydes were accomplished in water as solvent at room temperature without any Bronested or Lewis acid catalysts.

Highly Efficient Synthesis of Bis（indolyl）methanes Catalyzed by Sodium Tetrafluoroborate

Sodium tetrafluoroborate （NaBF4） was found to catalyze the electrophilic substitution reactions of indoles with aldehydes and ketones under solvent-free conditions to afford the corresponding bis（indolyl）methanes in high yields.

An efficient synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes and N,N'-alkylidene bisamides by Silzic under solvent free conditions

An operationally simple and green method for the synthesis of a wide range of bis（indolyl）methanes,and N,N＇-alkylidene bisamides under mild conditions,with excellent yields using Silzic,has been developed.This improved method furnishes in good yields bis（indolyl）methanes derivatives starting from indole and aldehydes,or ketones,and N,N＇-alkylidene bisamides derivatives starting from acetamide and aldehydes.The catalytic system was reused up to three times with the same efficiency.

Synthesis, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity of bis(indolyl)methanes

A series of bioactive bis（indolyl）methanes are synthesized by one-pot green reaction of indole with various substituted aldehydes by microwave irradiation under solvent free conditions. The antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and anti-inflammatory activity of the synthesized bis（indolyl）-methanes are evaluated in vitro and compared to standard drugs tetracycline and diclofenac,respectively. The majority of the compounds showed good antibacterial and anti-inflammatory activity.Interestingly, compounds 3j, 3i, 3k and 3g exhibited much higher anti-inflammatory activity than the standard diclofenac drug and thus qualify for clinical trials to be used as an anti-inflammatory compound.

Potassium tert-Butanolate Promoted Reaction ofBenzaldehydes and Indoles： a New Strategy for Synthesis of Bis（indolyl）arylmethanes

t-BuOK-promoted synthesis of bis（indolyl）arylmethunes from aromatic aldehydes and indoles wasachieved. Substrates bearing different functional groups, especially groups which are sensitive to acidic media, arewell tolerated under the optimal condition, making this reaction particularly attractive for expanding the scope of thepresent protocols that provides bis（1H-indol-3-yl）arylmethanes.