Optimization of Compound Coptis Ointment Extraction through the Integration of Pharmacodynamic Indices and Orthogonal Test

[Objectives]To determine the optimal reflux extraction process conditions for Compound Coptis Ointment.[Methods]The study employed the orthogonal experimental design method and drug-sensitive disc agar diffusion method to evaluate the extraction rate,berberine hydrochloride content,and bacteriostatic ring diameter of the extract as comprehensive indices,and optimized the extraction process conditions of Compound Coptis Ointment using ethanol reflux.[Results]Based on the results of comprehensive indices,the optimal reflux extraction conditions for Compound Coptis Ointment were determined to be soaking in 1.5 times the amount of 70%ethanol for 2 h,followed by two extractions with 6 times the amount of 70%ethanol for 1 h each time.Three verification tests were conducted under the optimal process conditions.The yield of the extract was 28.32%±0.53%,the content of berberine hydrochloride was 4.68%±0.45%,and the diameter of the bacteriostatic ring was(2.5±0.2)cm.[Conclusions]The extract had higher drug content and exhibited better antibacterial effects.The optimized extraction process is simple,stable,and reliable,and can be effectively used to optimize the extraction process of Compound Coptis Ointment.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Zihua Qinghuo Capsule by Orthogonal Test

With quercetin content and yield of dry extract as investigation indices, three factors, amount of water added, decoction time and decoction times were investigated by an orthogonal test, so as to select the optimal water extraction process for Zihua Qinghuo Capsule. The determined extraction process was adding 8 times of water in five herbs including Viola philippica and decocting for 2 times, 1.5 h each time. Pilot scale test demonstrated that the selected process is stable and feasible, and could provide reliable reference for practical production.

Optimization of Extraction Process of Prunellae Spica Compound by Orthogonal Test

[Objectives] The study aimed to optimize the extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound to provide an experimental basis for the development and utilization of the compound. [Methods]Through orthogonal test,the optimal extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound was chosen by using the yield of dry paste and ursolic acid content as evaluation indicators. [Results]The optimal extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound is as follows: solvent dosage was 16 times,and extraction frequency was 3 times,while extraction time was 1 h.[Conclusions]The extraction process of Prunellae Spica compound was stable and feasible,and this study can provide a theoretical basis for further preparation of the compound.

Water Extraction Process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning

[Objectives]To optimize the water extraction process of Chinese Herbal Compound Man Gan Ning and establish a method for its extraction and content determination.[Methods]The L9(34)orthogonal test was carried out,the comprehensive scores of ginsenoside Rb1 content,notoginsenoside R1 content,tanshinone I content and saikosaponin A content in the compound extract were used as evaluation indicators to explore the effects of water addition,the water addition,decoction time and decoction times on the water extraction process,and verification tests were carried out.[Results]The optimized water extraction process was as follows:adding 9 times of water in the first extraction,and extracting for 90 min;adding 7 times of water in the second extraction,and extracting for 60 min;adding 7 times of water in the third extraction,and extracting for 60 min.[Conclusions]The optimized water extraction process is stable and feasible,and can be used for the extraction of various herbs in Compound Man Gan Ning.It can also provide experimental basis for the formulation development of Compound Man Gan Ning sustained release tablet.

Optimization of Extraction Process for Longan(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)Leaves Using Multi-indicator Comprehensive Evaluation Method

[Objectives]This study aimed to optimize the extraction process of longan(Dimocarpus longan Lour.)leaves by multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method.[Methods]The contents of gallic acid ethyl ester,astragalin,quercetin,luteolin and kaempferol in longan leaves were determined simultaneously by HPLC.Using the multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method,the methanol concentration,solid to liquid ratio and extraction time for extraction of longan leaves were optimized by orthogonal test.[Results]The optimal extraction process of longan leaves are as follows:methanol concentration of 100%,solid to liquid ratio of 1∶5,and extraction time of 50 min.[Conclusions]The optimized process is simple and feasible,and it can be used to determine the contents of different ingredients in longan leaves.

豌豆蛋白酶解加工工艺优化及其生物活性研究

豌豆是重要的豆类栽培作物,蛋白质含量较高,是植物蛋白的主要来源之一,但目前大部分豌豆用于制作淀粉,副产物中的豌豆蛋白提取率较低,常常被用于制作饲料或作为生产废料,使得大量豌豆资源被浪费。该研究基于此,通过单因素试验和正交试验对豌豆蛋白酶解工艺进行研究和优化,结果表明,豌豆蛋白最佳酶解工艺为物料含水量30%、温度70℃、模具孔径8 mm和螺杆转速190 r/min,此时豌豆蛋白水解度为38.58%。另外,研究豌豆蛋白酶解后得到的水解物的生物活性功效,发现其具有明显的抗疲劳功效。

正交试验法优选十三味逐瘀合剂的提取工艺

目的优选十三味逐瘀合剂的水提煎煮工艺,为其后续研究提供参考。方法以煎煮次数(A)、加水量(B)、煎煮时间(C)作为考察因素,羟基红花黄色素A的含量与出膏率的综合评分为指标,确定羟基红花黄色素A含量和出膏率的权重系数分别为70%和30%,通过L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验设计,优选水提的煎煮工艺,并进行验证实验。结果最优选的煎煮工艺为加8倍量水,煎煮2次,每次煎煮90 min。结论优选的工艺条件合理、稳定可行,可用于规范化十三味逐瘀合剂提取。

大花斑叶兰多糖提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性

目的对大花斑叶兰多糖的提取工艺进行优化,并评价其体外抗氧化活性。方法在单因素试验结果基础上,以多糖提取得率作为评价指标,利用正交试验法优化大花斑叶兰多糖的提取工艺。以对DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基、羟基自由基的清除能力为指标评价大花斑叶兰多糖的体外抗氧化活性。结果在料液比1∶25,提取时间150 min,提取次数3次,提取温度100℃提取条件下,大花斑叶兰多糖得率为9.01%±0.51%。体外抗氧化实验结果表明,大花斑叶兰多糖具有清除DPPH自由基、ABTS自由基和羟基自由基的作用,多糖浓度为4 mg·mL^(-1)时,其对DPPH自由基的清除率可达到46.42%,对ABTS自由基的清除率为62.73%,而对羟基自由基的清除效率则为48.53%。结论大花斑叶兰多糖优化工艺可行,该条件下提取的多糖具有一定抗氧化活性。

桂附颗粒提取工艺研究

目的:选取桂附颗粒最佳提取工艺。方法:以加水量,煎煮时间,煎煮次数作为参考因素,以肉桂酸含量及浸膏得率作为综合指标评分,选用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验优化桂附颗粒的提取制备工艺。结果:优选桂附颗粒提取工艺的最佳条件为煎煮两次,每次加入10倍的水,并且每次煎煮1.5 h。结论:该试验结果合理、可行,有效成分率高,适合工业生产的需要。

五味痛风丸提取及制备工艺研究

目的:将五味痛风汤开发为五味痛风丸。方法:以加水倍数、煎煮时间、煎煮次数为考察因素,以秦皮乙素转移率和干浸膏率为评价指标,采用正交设计优化五味痛风丸的提取工艺,并进行丸剂成型工艺研究。结果:最佳提取工艺为加12倍水、煎煮1.5小时、煎煮3次;最佳成型工艺为提取液减压浓缩至相对密度为1.30~1.40,吴茱萸和红曲粉碎过100目筛,混匀后制丸,70℃干燥24小时。结论:该提取、制备工艺稳定可行。

正交设计优化蟾酥注射液的提取工艺

试验旨在优化蟾酥注射液的提取工艺,试验以吲哚类总生物碱(以5-羟色胺盐酸盐计)的含量为考察指标,以加水倍数(A)、加热温度(B)和提取时间(C)为考察因素,通过L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验优化蟾酥注射液的提取工艺,确定提取工艺参数,并采用最大极差法对正交试验数据分析处理。结果显示,加水倍数是影响蟾酥注射液主要成分含量的主要因素,蟾酥注射液的最佳提取工艺为10倍加水量浸泡,加热煮沸(100℃),提取时间4 h。验证性试验按最优工艺制备3批样品,采用紫外可见分光光度(UV)法测定蟾酥注射液中吲哚类总生物碱的含量为9.92 mg/L。研究表明,该提取工艺稳定可靠,可用于中试生产。

基于正交设计优化新鲜川芎中挥发油提取工艺

为优化川芎挥发油提取工艺,建立以新鲜川芎为原料提取制备挥发油的新方法,采用正交试验设计对乙醇回流提取工艺条件进行优化,并进一步考察优选回收浓缩、油水分离等关键工艺参数。以藁本内酯和洋川芎内酯A作为指标成分,应用HPLC一测多评法进行含量测定。以提取量、油收率、油含量为评价指标,最终确定川芎挥发油提取制备新方法为:鲜川芎切片,加8倍量70%乙醇回流提取2次(以干药材计,第一次需测定鲜川芎水分,调节乙醇浓度为70%),每次1.5 h,滤液回收浓缩至2.0~3.0 g生药/mL,静置过夜,弃去水层,上层乳化层加热至60℃离心,分取油层,余下乳化层再加氯化钠至饱和并加热至60℃离心,合并油层,即得川芎挥发油。新方法所得川芎挥发油收率约为3%,藁本内酯和洋川芎内酯A含量达70%。该研究所建立的新方法生产设备要求低、操作简便易行,可实现川芎挥发油的高效制备,且含量高、品质优,为川芎挥发油的工业化生产提供了新思路和新方法。

基于BMSCs淫羊藿-仙茅-巴戟天角药抗骨质疏松药效物质提取工艺研究

目的筛选淫羊藿-仙茅-巴戟天角药抗骨质疏松药效物质的最佳提取工艺。方法采用正交设计,选取提取时间、料液比、乙醇浓度为考察因素,以BMSCs细胞增殖率结合淫羊藿苷、总黄酮含量为考察指标,筛选淫羊藿-仙茅-巴戟天角药抗骨质疏松药效物质的最佳提取工艺,并对最佳提取条件进行验证。结果兼顾生产效率和节约能源,优选出淫羊藿-仙茅-巴戟天角药药效物质的最佳提取条件为提取时间1.5 h,乙醇浓度55%,溶剂用量10倍。验证实验结果BMSCs细胞增殖率、淫羊藿苷及总黄酮含量与工艺考察结果非常接近。结论该方法在保证淫羊藿-仙茅-巴戟天角药治疗骨质疏松的药效基础上,结合淫羊藿苷及总黄酮含量进行综合评价,优化提取工艺,使得实验结果更科学合理。

正交试验法结合主成分分析优选消瘀凝胶膏提取工艺

目的优选消瘀凝胶膏的提取工艺。方法以挥发油含量为评价指标,以加水量、浸泡时间、提取时间为影响因素,采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验法优选挥发油提取工艺,并验证。以干膏得率及积雪草苷、木犀草素、黄芩苷含量为评价指标,以主成分综合得分为综合指标,以乙醇体积分数、溶剂用量、提取次数为考察因素,采用L_(9)(3^(4))正交试验法优选非挥发性成分提取工艺,并验证。结果挥发油最佳提取工艺为加10倍量水,浸泡1.0 h,提取6 h;25 g药材(荆芥、乳香、没药及当归)挥发油含量为1.6 mL。非挥发性成分最佳提取工艺为,以10倍量60%乙醇为溶剂,提取3次,每次1 h。验证试验中平均综合评分为125.36分,RSD为0.49%(n=3)。结论优选工艺稳定可行,最大限度保留了可能有效成分,为新药开发奠定了基础。

闽楠挥发性组分提取工艺优化及组学分析

为优化闽楠挥发性组分水蒸气蒸馏工艺,并探究闽楠各部位挥发性组分差异。以广东省乐昌市闽楠试验林的叶片、枝条、树干及根系4个部位为试验材料,采用水蒸气蒸馏法,开展单因素试验及正交试验,考察离子溶液浓度、料液比及提取时间3个影响因素对挥发性组分产率的影响,确定最佳工艺参数;用气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)技术测定各部位挥发性组分含量。结果表明:(1)叶片挥发性组分最优提取工艺为NaCl浓度45 g·L^(-1)、料液比1∶6、提取时间5 h,产率为0.056%;检测出110种挥发性组分,含量最高的5种组分为β-瑟林烯、β-桉叶醇、双环大根香叶烯、香橙烯、α-衣兰油烯。(2)枝条挥发性组分最优提取工艺为NaCl浓度45 g·L^(-1)、料液比1∶8、提取时间5 h,产率为0.083%;检测出80种挥发性组分,含量最高的5种组分为愈创醇、乙酸愈创木酯、茅苍术醇、γ-桉叶醇和δ-杜松烯。(3)树干挥发性组分最优提取工艺为NaCl浓度30 g·L^(-1)、料液比1∶8、提取时间5 h,产率为0.323%;检测出64种挥发性组分,含量最高的5种组分为茅苍术醇、γ-杜松烯、愈创醇、γ-桉叶醇和马鞭草烯酮。(4)根系挥发性组分最优提取工艺为NaCl浓度30 g·L^(-1)、料液比1∶9、提取时间5 h,产率为1.025%;检测出69种挥发性组分,含量最高的5种组分为茅苍术醇、γ-杜松烯、愈创醇、γ-桉叶醇和马鞭草烯酮。(5)闽楠各部位挥发性组分以萜类和醇类物质居多,占总含量80%以上,4个部位的共有成分仅15种,叶片与其他3个部位的成分差异较大。

正交试验法优选五味珍菊片提取工艺

本文以优选五味珍菊片的提取工艺作为五味珍菊片的研发基础。方法:以总黄酮提取量、总蒽醌提取量为指标,开展正交试验,考察加水量、提取时间、提取次数对水提工艺的影响,以及相对密度、醇沉浓度、醇沉时间对醇沉工艺的影响。结果:五味珍菊片最优制备工艺条件为加入12倍量的水,提取3次,每次1.5 h,将水提液浓缩至相对密度1.080~1.129(60℃),醇沉浓度为65%,醇沉时间24 h。结论:经优化选出的提取工艺合理稳定,具有易操作、可控性好、重复性好的特点,可为五味珍菊片的开发提供理论依据。

沙棘中黄酮类化合物提取及抗氧化活性

目的:优化沙棘中总黄酮提取工艺,明确其抗氧化性能。方法:以沙棘为研究对象,以沙棘黄酮得率为指标值,使用乙醇溶液作为提取剂,采用超声波辅助萃取法,对提取时间(A)、提取温度(B)、乙醇体积分数(V乙醇/V总)(C)、料液比(D)进行单因素试验和响应面分析,考察4个因素对总黄酮得率的影响,并对沙棘黄酮的体外抗氧化活性进行检测。结果:在提取时间23 min、提取温度80℃、50%乙醇、料液比1∶20条件下沙棘黄酮得率最高,为2.316 mg/g。各因素对沙棘黄酮得率的影响大小依次为:料液比、乙醇体积分数、提取时间、提取温度。体外抗氧化结果表明,沙棘黄酮具有很好的DPPH自由基和羟自由基清除能力,当沙棘黄酮粗提取物质量浓度达到5 mg/mL时,沙棘黄酮对DPPH自由基的清除率达87.5%,对羟自由基的清除率达到了77.7%。结论:沙棘中含有丰富的黄酮类物质,且具有较好的抗氧化性能。

威廉环毛蚓中8种核苷提取工艺优化及含量测定

目的优化威廉环毛蚓中尿嘧啶、次黄嘌呤、黄嘌呤、尿苷、胸腺嘧啶、肌苷、鸟苷、2′-脱氧鸟苷提取工艺,并测定其含量。方法以料液比、超声时间、超声温度为影响因素,次黄嘌呤、总核苷含量为评价指标,正交试验优化提取工艺。HPLC法测定各核苷含量,分析采用Agilent C_(18)色谱柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相甲醇-水,梯度洗脱;体积流量1 mL/min;柱温30℃;检测波长260 nm。结果最佳条件为料液比1∶250,超声时间30 min,超声温度60℃。8种核苷在各自范围内线性关系良好(R^(2)>0.9990),平均加样回收率99.11%~103.27%,RSD 0.85%~2.89%。结论该方法稳定可靠,可用于威廉环毛蚓中核苷的提取与含量测定。

车前颗粒的提取工艺优选

目的优选车前颗粒的提取工艺参数,建立其提取工艺的制备方法。方法同时测定提取物中芍药苷、橙皮苷、毛蕊花糖苷3种成分含量,以这3个指标性成分的总含量和处方出膏率的权重系数进行分配后所得综合评分作为评价指标,以加水量、提取时间、提取次数作为考察因素,采用正交试验法对处方的水提工艺进行优化,采用权重赋权法选择最适的提取工艺。结果车前颗粒的最佳提取工艺参数为:分别加入10、8、8倍量水煎煮3次,每次煎煮1.5 h。结论本研究建立的车前颗粒多指标含量测定方法简便、准确、重复性好;优选的提取工艺稳定可行,为车前颗粒的开发和现代化研究提供了科学依据。

正交优化四肢通络外用颗粒的提取工艺研究

目的:对四肢通络外用颗粒的提取工艺进行研究,优化其最佳提取工艺。方法:以出膏率为评价指标,以加水量、提取时间和提取次数为考察因素,采用正交试验L 9(34)优化四肢通络外用颗粒的最佳提取工艺。结果:四肢通络外用颗粒的提取工艺为:加10倍量水,每次煎煮1 h,共煎煮3次,方差分析结果显示加水量和提取次数均有显著性差异。结论:四肢通络外用颗粒的提取工艺稳定、可靠。