超短波治疗前列腺术后疼痛的效果观察

目的探讨超短波在治疗前列腺术后疼痛的效果。方法 5 3例患者按随机分组 ,治疗组 2 8例 :应用超短波治疗 ;对照组 2 5例 :不用超短波及影响下尿路功能的药物治疗。观察术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛发作频度、强度及持续时间。结果膀胱痉挛每日次数和持续天数 ,治疗组和对照组分别为 :8.8± 3.7d、2 .7± 1.3d和 5 .3± 2 .8d、2 .2± 0 .3d ,两组差异显著 (P <0 .0 0 1或P <0 .0 5 )。结论超短波治疗前列腺术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛作用确切 ,具有方便、无痛苦、无不良反应的优势。

PCEA在预防下尿路术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛中的应用

目的 研究病人自控硬膜外镇痛法(Patient controlled epidural analgesia,PCEA)在治疗前列腺切除术、膀胱部分切除术、尿道会师牵引术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛中的价值。方法 对122例术后患者保留硬膜外导管,应用PCEA向硬膜外腔注射吗啡、布比卡因、芬太尼混合液。结果 在应用PCEA期间,117例患者无膀胱痉挛性疼痛发生(显效),4例患者有轻微膀胱痉挛性疼痛(有效),总有效率100％,无明显不良反应。结论 PCEA可以有效预防和治疗术后膀胱痉挛性疼痛,且减轻切口疼痛,具有效果好,副作用小等特点。

静脉吗啡用于高龄病人前列腺切除术后解痉镇痛

目的 :本文探讨了前列腺切除术后静脉吗啡解痉镇痛的效果。方法 :连硬外麻醉下前列腺切除术后病人 6 0例 ,随机分为三组 :A组 2 0例术后配佳士比自控镇痛泵 ,B组 2 0例术后配艾克孚恒速镇痛泵 ,C组 2 0例为对照组。用杜冷丁或山莨菪碱解痉止痛 ,于术后 4、8、12、2 4 h监测 MAP、HR、RR、。结果 :A、B两组镇痛效果明显优于 C组 (P<0 .0 1) ,各时段 MAP、HR、RR,A、B两组与 C组相比有较显著差异 (p<0 .0 5)。结论 :前列腺切除术后静脉吗啡镇痛效果优良 。

Treatment with botulinum toxin: An update

Botulinum neurotoxin(Bo NT) is a potent toxin produced by the anaerobic bacterium clostridium botulinum. It causes flaccid, long-lasting, local and reversible paralysis. In addition, Bo NT inhibits the secretion of the exocrine glands and could have properties in the control of pain. Thus, Bo NT is useful in the treatment of many neuromuscular conditions where an increase of muscle tone is associated with the pathogenic mechanism. Furthermore, Bo NT is recommended in the treatment of some hypersecretion disorders of the exocrine gland and could play a role in the treatment of migraine and other chronic pain conditions. In the Bo NT therapy adverse effects are usually mild and reversible. However, repeated injections of Bo NT can lead to the development of neutralizing antibodies that can subsequently inhibit the biological activity of the toxin. In this sense, many factors can influence the immunogenicity of the Bo NT, such as product-related factors, the dose of Bo NT used, the frequency of injection and the previous exposure to the toxin. In this review, we are going to discuss the current clinical applications of Bo NT with a special focus on evidence, doses, injection technique and adverse effects for those applications more frequently used in neurology, namely spasticity, blepharospasm, hemifacial spasm, cervical dystonia and other focal dystonias, as well as chronic migraine, tremor, sialorrhea, facial palsy, neurogenic bladder and many other neurological condition.