BACKGROUND Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)metrics,such as time in range(TIR)and glycemic risk index(GRI),have been linked to various diabetes-related complications,including diabetic foot(DF).AIM To investigate the...BACKGROUND Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)metrics,such as time in range(TIR)and glycemic risk index(GRI),have been linked to various diabetes-related complications,including diabetic foot(DF).AIM To investigate the association between CGM-derived indicators and the risk of DF in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A total of 591 individuals with T2DM(297 with DF and 294 without DF)were enrolled.Relevant clinical data,complications,comorbidities,hematological parameters,and 72-hour CGM data were collected.Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between these measurements and the risk of DF.RESULTS Individuals with DF exhibited higher mean blood glucose(MBG)levels and increased proportions of time above range(TAR),TAR level 1,and TAR level 2,but lower TIR(all P<0.001).Patients with DF had significantly lower rates of achieving target ranges for TIR,TAR,and TAR level 2 than those without DF(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that GRI,MBG,and TAR level 1 were positively associated with DF risk,while TIR was inversely correlated(all P<0.05).Achieving TIR and TAR was inversely correlated with white blood cell count and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels(P<0.05).Additionally,achieving TAR was influenced by fasting plasma glucose,body mass index,diabetes duration,and antidiabetic medication use.CONCLUSION CGM metrics,particularly TIR and GRI,are significantly associated with the risk of DF in T2DM,emphasizing the importance of improved glucose control.展开更多
Background and Objective:Self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG)is crucial for achieving a glycemic target and upholding blood glucose stability,both of which are the primary purpose of anti-diabetic treatments.However...Background and Objective:Self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG)is crucial for achieving a glycemic target and upholding blood glucose stability,both of which are the primary purpose of anti-diabetic treatments.However,the association between time in range(TIR),as assessed by SMBG,andβ-cell insulin secretion as well as insulin sensitivity remains unexplored.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the connections between TIR,derived from SMBG,and indices representingβ-cell functionality and insulin sensitivity.The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between short-term glycemic control(measured as points in range[PIR])and bothβ-cell function and insulin sensitivity.Methods:This cross-sectional study enrolled 472 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).To assessβ-cell secretion capacity,we employed the insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2(ISSI-2)and(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index,while insulin sensitivity was evaluated using the Matsuda index and HOMA-IR.Since SMBG offers glucose data at specific point-in-time,we substituted TIR with PIR.According to clinical guidelines,values falling within the range of 3.9-10 mmol were considered"in range,"and the corresponding percentage was calculated as PIR.Results:We observed significant associations between higher PIR quartiles and increased ISSI-2,(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index,Matsuda index(increased)and HOMA-IR(decreased)(all P<0.001).PIR exhibited positive correlations with log ISSI-2(r=0.361,P<0.001),log(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index(r=0.482,P<0.001),and log Matsuda index(r=0.178,P<0.001)and negative correlations with log HOMA-IR(r=-0.288,P<0.001).Furthermore,PIR emerged as an independent risk factor for log ISSI-2,log(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index,log Matsuda index,and log HOMA-IR.Conclusion:PIR can serve as a valuable tool for assessingβ-cell function and insulin sensitivity.展开更多
目的探讨德谷门冬双胰岛素与门冬胰岛素持续皮下输注在院内非内分泌科住院的糖尿病患者中治疗的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2021年12月至2022年6月于郑州大学第五附属医院非内分泌科住院应用门冬胰岛素30注射液但血糖不达标的糖尿...目的探讨德谷门冬双胰岛素与门冬胰岛素持续皮下输注在院内非内分泌科住院的糖尿病患者中治疗的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2021年12月至2022年6月于郑州大学第五附属医院非内分泌科住院应用门冬胰岛素30注射液但血糖不达标的糖尿病患者82例,其中调整为德谷门冬双胰岛素治疗50例(德谷门冬组),调整为胰岛素泵持续皮下输注门冬胰岛素治疗组32例(胰岛素泵组)。分析两组一般特征,治疗前后血糖、胰岛素用量变化,血糖达标时间,血糖在目标范围内的时间,血糖波动指标[平均血糖波动幅度(mean amplitude of glycemic excursion,MAGE)、血糖标准差(standard deviation of blood glucose,SDBG)、最大血糖波动幅度、日间血糖平均绝对差(absolute means of daily difference,MODD)],血糖达标时胰岛素用量,低血糖发生情况,患者及相关科室医生满意度等。结果治疗10天后两组血糖均明显下降,胰岛素用量均较治疗前明显减少(P<0.05);空腹血糖、治疗前后血糖变化、胰岛素用量变化、医生满意度两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);德谷门冬组低血糖发生率较低、患者满意度较高,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);德谷门冬组SDBG、MAGE、MODD、血糖达标时间劣于胰岛素泵组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在非内分泌科住院的糖尿病患者中,德谷门冬双胰岛素与门冬胰岛素持续皮下输注均能有效控制血糖达标,节约胰岛素用量;德谷门冬胰岛素低血糖风险更低,患者满意度更高,但血糖达标时间较长、血糖波动较大。展开更多
基金Supported by Yunnan Province Academician(Expert)Workstation Project,No.202305AF150097the Basic Research Program of Yunnan Province(Kunming Medical University Joint Special Project),No.202101AY070001-276+3 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82160159the Key Project Program of Yunnan Province(Kunming Medical University Joint Special Project),No.202301AY070001-013the Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province,No.202202AA100004the Double First-class University Construction Project of Yunnan University,No.CY22624106.
文摘BACKGROUND Continuous glucose monitoring(CGM)metrics,such as time in range(TIR)and glycemic risk index(GRI),have been linked to various diabetes-related complications,including diabetic foot(DF).AIM To investigate the association between CGM-derived indicators and the risk of DF in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A total of 591 individuals with T2DM(297 with DF and 294 without DF)were enrolled.Relevant clinical data,complications,comorbidities,hematological parameters,and 72-hour CGM data were collected.Logistic regression analysis was employed to examine the relationship between these measurements and the risk of DF.RESULTS Individuals with DF exhibited higher mean blood glucose(MBG)levels and increased proportions of time above range(TAR),TAR level 1,and TAR level 2,but lower TIR(all P<0.001).Patients with DF had significantly lower rates of achieving target ranges for TIR,TAR,and TAR level 2 than those without DF(all P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis revealed that GRI,MBG,and TAR level 1 were positively associated with DF risk,while TIR was inversely correlated(all P<0.05).Achieving TIR and TAR was inversely correlated with white blood cell count and glycated hemoglobin A1c levels(P<0.05).Additionally,achieving TAR was influenced by fasting plasma glucose,body mass index,diabetes duration,and antidiabetic medication use.CONCLUSION CGM metrics,particularly TIR and GRI,are significantly associated with the risk of DF in T2DM,emphasizing the importance of improved glucose control.
文摘Background and Objective:Self-monitoring of blood glucose(SMBG)is crucial for achieving a glycemic target and upholding blood glucose stability,both of which are the primary purpose of anti-diabetic treatments.However,the association between time in range(TIR),as assessed by SMBG,andβ-cell insulin secretion as well as insulin sensitivity remains unexplored.Therefore,this study aims to investigate the connections between TIR,derived from SMBG,and indices representingβ-cell functionality and insulin sensitivity.The primary objective of this study was to elucidate the relationship between short-term glycemic control(measured as points in range[PIR])and bothβ-cell function and insulin sensitivity.Methods:This cross-sectional study enrolled 472 hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).To assessβ-cell secretion capacity,we employed the insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2(ISSI-2)and(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index,while insulin sensitivity was evaluated using the Matsuda index and HOMA-IR.Since SMBG offers glucose data at specific point-in-time,we substituted TIR with PIR.According to clinical guidelines,values falling within the range of 3.9-10 mmol were considered"in range,"and the corresponding percentage was calculated as PIR.Results:We observed significant associations between higher PIR quartiles and increased ISSI-2,(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index,Matsuda index(increased)and HOMA-IR(decreased)(all P<0.001).PIR exhibited positive correlations with log ISSI-2(r=0.361,P<0.001),log(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index(r=0.482,P<0.001),and log Matsuda index(r=0.178,P<0.001)and negative correlations with log HOMA-IR(r=-0.288,P<0.001).Furthermore,PIR emerged as an independent risk factor for log ISSI-2,log(ΔC-peptide_(0-120)/Δglucose_(0-120))×Matsuda index,log Matsuda index,and log HOMA-IR.Conclusion:PIR can serve as a valuable tool for assessingβ-cell function and insulin sensitivity.
文摘目的探讨德谷门冬双胰岛素与门冬胰岛素持续皮下输注在院内非内分泌科住院的糖尿病患者中治疗的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析2021年12月至2022年6月于郑州大学第五附属医院非内分泌科住院应用门冬胰岛素30注射液但血糖不达标的糖尿病患者82例,其中调整为德谷门冬双胰岛素治疗50例(德谷门冬组),调整为胰岛素泵持续皮下输注门冬胰岛素治疗组32例(胰岛素泵组)。分析两组一般特征,治疗前后血糖、胰岛素用量变化,血糖达标时间,血糖在目标范围内的时间,血糖波动指标[平均血糖波动幅度(mean amplitude of glycemic excursion,MAGE)、血糖标准差(standard deviation of blood glucose,SDBG)、最大血糖波动幅度、日间血糖平均绝对差(absolute means of daily difference,MODD)],血糖达标时胰岛素用量,低血糖发生情况,患者及相关科室医生满意度等。结果治疗10天后两组血糖均明显下降,胰岛素用量均较治疗前明显减少(P<0.05);空腹血糖、治疗前后血糖变化、胰岛素用量变化、医生满意度两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);德谷门冬组低血糖发生率较低、患者满意度较高,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);德谷门冬组SDBG、MAGE、MODD、血糖达标时间劣于胰岛素泵组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在非内分泌科住院的糖尿病患者中,德谷门冬双胰岛素与门冬胰岛素持续皮下输注均能有效控制血糖达标,节约胰岛素用量;德谷门冬胰岛素低血糖风险更低,患者满意度更高,但血糖达标时间较长、血糖波动较大。
