AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During ...AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During this time, 3296 patients underwent upper endoscopy. In total, 50 male(69.2 ± 13.2 years) and 26 female(72.3 ± 10.2 years) patients were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on BUN levels: higher than the normal limit(21.0 mg/d L)(H) and lower thanthe normal limit(L). One-way analysis of variance was performed to reveal differences in the variables between the H and L groups. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the percentage of patients with gastric ulcer or gastric cancer in the H and L groups.RESULTS: White blood cell count was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0047). Hemoglobin level was lower in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0307). Glycated hemoglobin was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0264). The percentage of patients with gastric ulcer was higher in the H group(P = 0.0002). The H group contained no patients with gastric cancer.CONCLUSION: Patients with BUN ≥ 21 mg/d L might have more severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding.展开更多
Background：As a major complication after orthotopic liver transplantation （OLT）,the occurrence of acute kidney injury （AKI） is frequently defined by serum creatinine （Cr）;however,the accuracy of commonly used b...Background：As a major complication after orthotopic liver transplantation （OLT）,the occurrence of acute kidney injury （AKI） is frequently defined by serum creatinine （Cr）;however,the accuracy of commonly used blood urea nitrogen （BUN）,uric acid （UA）,and β2-microglobulin （β2-MG） remains to be explored.This retrospective study compared the accuracy of these parameters for post-OLT AKI evaluation.Methods：Patients who underwent OLT in three centers between July 2003 and December 2013 were enrolled.The postoperative AKI group was diagnosed by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes （KDIGO） criteria and classified by stage.Measurement data were analyzed using the t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test;enumerated data were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher＇s exact test.Diagnostic reliability and predictive accuracy were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis.Results：This study excluded 976 cases and analyzed 697 patients （578 men and 1 1 9 women）;the post-OLT AKI incidence was 0.409.Compared with the no-AKI group,the AKI group showed very significant differences in Model for End-stage Liver Disease score （14.74 ± 9.91 vs.11.07 ± 9.54,Z =5.404;P ＜ 0.001）,hepatic encephalopathy （45 [15.8％] vs.30 [7.3％],x2 =12.699;P ＜ 0.001）,hemofiltration （28 [9.8％] vs.0 [0.0％],x2 =42.171;P ＜ 0.001）,and 28-day mortality （23 [8.1％] vs.9 [2.2％],x2 13.323;P ＜0.001）.Moreover,mean values of Cr,BUN,UA,and β2-MG in the AKI group differed significantly at postoperative days 1,3,and 7 （all P ＜0.001）.ROC curve area was 0.847 of Cr for the detection of AKI Stage 1 （sensitivity 80.1％,specificity 75.7％,cutoffvalue 88.23 μmol/L）,0.916 for Stage 2 （sensitivity 87.6％,specificity 82.6％,cutoff value 99.9 μmol/L）,and 0.972 for Stage 3 （sensitivity 94.1％,specificity 88.2％,cutoff value 122.90 μmol/L）.Conclusion：The sensitivity and specificity of serum Cr might be a high-value indicator for the diagnosis and grading of post-OLT AKI.展开更多
Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athle...Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.展开更多
目的系统评估血尿素氮(BUN)作为早期重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)生物标志物的诊断潜力。方法计算机检索中国知网期刊全文数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和the Cochrane Library中关于BUN与急性胰腺炎(AP)的研...目的系统评估血尿素氮(BUN)作为早期重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)生物标志物的诊断潜力。方法计算机检索中国知网期刊全文数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和the Cochrane Library中关于BUN与急性胰腺炎(AP)的研究,检索时限为建库至2023年3月。两名研究人员独立筛选、审查文献后进行质量评估和数据提取,并对样本量、检测采样时间、临界值进行亚组分析。所有数据使用Stata17.0和Meta-Disc1.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7篇文献,1642例AP患者,其中150例SAP和225例中度重症急性胰腺炎(MSAP)。Meta分析结果显示,BUN诊断SAP的灵敏度为0.67(95%CI:0.57~0.76)、特异度为0.83(95%CI:0.77~0.87)、阳性似然比为3.83(95%CI:3.17~4.62)、阴性似然比为0.40(95%CI:0.31~0.52)、诊断比值比(DOR)为9.58(95%CI:6.99~13.13)。受试者工作特征曲线(SROC)可见,BUN的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.82(95%CI:0.79~0.86),表明BUN诊断AP严重程度具有一定的准确性。亚组分析及异质性调查提示样本量大小和采样时间是异质性的潜在来源。Deek's漏斗图评估发表偏倚结果显示,存在发表偏倚的可能性较小(P=0.64)。结论BUN对预测AP的严重程度有较高的准确性,其检测方便且价格低廉,可作为AP分级的有益补充,能够在临床治疗决策过程中提供新的思路。展开更多
文摘AIM: To examine characteristics of patients with blood urea nitrogen(BUN) levels higher and lower than the normal limit.METHODS: Patient records between April 2011 and March 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. During this time, 3296 patients underwent upper endoscopy. In total, 50 male(69.2 ± 13.2 years) and 26 female(72.3 ± 10.2 years) patients were assessed. Patients were divided into two groups based on BUN levels: higher than the normal limit(21.0 mg/d L)(H) and lower thanthe normal limit(L). One-way analysis of variance was performed to reveal differences in the variables between the H and L groups. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the percentage of patients with gastric ulcer or gastric cancer in the H and L groups.RESULTS: White blood cell count was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0047). Hemoglobin level was lower in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0307). Glycated hemoglobin was higher in the H group than in the L group(P = 0.0264). The percentage of patients with gastric ulcer was higher in the H group(P = 0.0002). The H group contained no patients with gastric cancer.CONCLUSION: Patients with BUN ≥ 21 mg/d L might have more severe upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
文摘Background：As a major complication after orthotopic liver transplantation （OLT）,the occurrence of acute kidney injury （AKI） is frequently defined by serum creatinine （Cr）;however,the accuracy of commonly used blood urea nitrogen （BUN）,uric acid （UA）,and β2-microglobulin （β2-MG） remains to be explored.This retrospective study compared the accuracy of these parameters for post-OLT AKI evaluation.Methods：Patients who underwent OLT in three centers between July 2003 and December 2013 were enrolled.The postoperative AKI group was diagnosed by the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes （KDIGO） criteria and classified by stage.Measurement data were analyzed using the t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test;enumerated data were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fisher＇s exact test.Diagnostic reliability and predictive accuracy were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve analysis.Results：This study excluded 976 cases and analyzed 697 patients （578 men and 1 1 9 women）;the post-OLT AKI incidence was 0.409.Compared with the no-AKI group,the AKI group showed very significant differences in Model for End-stage Liver Disease score （14.74 ± 9.91 vs.11.07 ± 9.54,Z =5.404;P ＜ 0.001）,hepatic encephalopathy （45 [15.8％] vs.30 [7.3％],x2 =12.699;P ＜ 0.001）,hemofiltration （28 [9.8％] vs.0 [0.0％],x2 =42.171;P ＜ 0.001）,and 28-day mortality （23 [8.1％] vs.9 [2.2％],x2 13.323;P ＜0.001）.Moreover,mean values of Cr,BUN,UA,and β2-MG in the AKI group differed significantly at postoperative days 1,3,and 7 （all P ＜0.001）.ROC curve area was 0.847 of Cr for the detection of AKI Stage 1 （sensitivity 80.1％,specificity 75.7％,cutoffvalue 88.23 μmol/L）,0.916 for Stage 2 （sensitivity 87.6％,specificity 82.6％,cutoff value 99.9 μmol/L）,and 0.972 for Stage 3 （sensitivity 94.1％,specificity 88.2％,cutoff value 122.90 μmol/L）.Conclusion：The sensitivity and specificity of serum Cr might be a high-value indicator for the diagnosis and grading of post-OLT AKI.
文摘Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.
文摘目的系统评估血尿素氮(BUN)作为早期重症急性胰腺炎(SAP)生物标志物的诊断潜力。方法计算机检索中国知网期刊全文数据库、维普数据库、万方数据库、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science和the Cochrane Library中关于BUN与急性胰腺炎(AP)的研究,检索时限为建库至2023年3月。两名研究人员独立筛选、审查文献后进行质量评估和数据提取,并对样本量、检测采样时间、临界值进行亚组分析。所有数据使用Stata17.0和Meta-Disc1.4软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7篇文献,1642例AP患者,其中150例SAP和225例中度重症急性胰腺炎(MSAP)。Meta分析结果显示,BUN诊断SAP的灵敏度为0.67(95%CI:0.57~0.76)、特异度为0.83(95%CI:0.77~0.87)、阳性似然比为3.83(95%CI:3.17~4.62)、阴性似然比为0.40(95%CI:0.31~0.52)、诊断比值比(DOR)为9.58(95%CI:6.99~13.13)。受试者工作特征曲线(SROC)可见,BUN的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.82(95%CI:0.79~0.86),表明BUN诊断AP严重程度具有一定的准确性。亚组分析及异质性调查提示样本量大小和采样时间是异质性的潜在来源。Deek's漏斗图评估发表偏倚结果显示,存在发表偏倚的可能性较小(P=0.64)。结论BUN对预测AP的严重程度有较高的准确性,其检测方便且价格低廉,可作为AP分级的有益补充,能够在临床治疗决策过程中提供新的思路。
